THE LOST CONTINENT
By Aleister Crowley
Ordo Templi Orientis
P.O Box 2303
Berkeley, CA 94702
(C) COPYRIGHT O.T.O.
June 21, 1985 e.v.
Sun in Cancer
Moon in Leo
AN 81 e.n.
*
.pa
The Lost Continent
* *
*
PREFACE
Last year I was chosen to succeed the venerable K-Z--who had it
in his mind to die, that is, to join Them in Venus, as one of the
Seven Heirs of Atlantis, and I have been appointed to declare, so
far as may be found possible, the truth about that mysterious
lost land. Of course, no more than one seventh of the wisdom is
ever confided to one of the Seven, and the Seven meet in council
but once in every thirty-three years. But its preservation is
guaranteed by the interlocked systems of "dreaming true" and of
"preparation of the antinomy". The former almost explains itself;
the latter is almost inconceivable to normal man. Its essence is
to train a man to be anything by training him to be its opposite.
At the end of anything, think they, it turns out to be its
opposite, and that opposite is thus mastered without having been
soiled by the labours of the student, and without the false
impressions of early learning being left upon the mind.
I myself, for example, had unknowingly been trained to record
these observations by the life of a butterfly. All my impressions
came clear on the soft wax of my brain; I had never worried
because the scratch on the wax in no way resembled the sound it
represented. In other words, I observed perfectly because I never
knew that I was observing. So, if you pay sufficient attention to
your heart, you will make it palpitate.
I accordingly proceed to a description of the country.
Aleister Crowley
.PA
I.
OF THE PLAINS BENEATH ATLAS,
AND ITS SERVILE RACE*.
Atlas is the true name of this archipelago--continent is an
altogether false term, for every 'house' or mountain peak was cut
from its fellows by natural, though often very narrow waterways.
The African Atlas is a mere offshoot of the range. It was the
true Atlas that supported the ancient world by its moral and
magical strength, and hence the name of the fabled globe-bearer.
The root is the Lemurian 'Tla' or 'Tlas', black, for reasons
which will appear in due course. 'A' is the feminine prefix,
derived from the shape of the mouth when uttering the sound.
'Black woman' is therefore as near a translation as one can give
in English; the Latin has a closer equivalent.
The mountains are cut off, not only from each other by the
channels of the sea, but from the plains at their feet by cliffs
naturally or artificially smoothed and undercut for at least
thirty feet on every side in order to make access impossible.
These plains had been made flat by generations of labour.
Vines and fruit-trees growing only on the upper slopes, they were
devoted principally to corn, and to grass pastures for the
amphibian herds of Atlas. This corn was of a kind now unknown,
flourishing in sea-water, and the periodical flood-tides served
the same purpose as the Nile in Egypt. Enormous floating stages
of spongy rock--no trees of any kind grew anywhere on the plains
so wood was unknown--supported the villages. These were inhabited
by a type of man similar to the modern Caucasian race. They were
not permitted to use any of the food of their masters, neither
the corn, nor the amphibians, nor the vast supplies of shellfish,
but were fed by what they called "bread from heaven", which
indeed came down from the mountains, being the whole of their
refuse of every kind. The whole population was put to perpetual
hard labour. The young and active tended the amphibians, grew the
corn, collected the shell-fish, gathered the "bread from heaven"
for their elders, and were compelled to reproduce their kind. At
twenty they were considered strong enough for the factory, where
they worked in gangs on a machine combining the features of our
pump and treadmill for sixteen hours of the twentyfour. This
machine supplied Atlas with its 'ZRO'* or 'power', of which I
shall speak presently. Any worker showing even temporary weakness
was transferred to the phosphorus works, where he was sure to die
within a few months. Phosphorus was a prime necessity of Atlas;
however, it was not used in its red or yellow forms, but in a
third allotrope, a blue-black or rather violet-black substance,
only known in powder finer than precipitated gold, harder than
diamond, eleven times heavier than yellow phosphorus, quite
incombustible, and so shockingly poisonous that, in spite of
every precaution, an ounce of it cost the lives (on an average)
of some two hundred and fifty men. Of its properties I shall
speak later.
The people were left in utmost slavery and ignorance by the
wise counsel of the first of the philosophers of Atlas, who had
written: "An empty brain is a threat to Society." He had
consequently instituted a system of mental culture, comprising
two parts:
1. As a basis, a mass of useless disconnected facts.
2. A superstructure of lies.
Part 1 was compulsory; the people then took Part 2 without
protest.*
The language of the plains was simple but profuse. They had
few nouns and fewer verbs. 'To work again' (there was no word for
'to work' simply), 'to eat again', 'to break the law' (no word
for 'to break the law again'), 'to come from without', 'to find
light' (i.e. to go to the phosphorus factory) were almost the
only verbs used by adults. The young men and women had a verb-
language yet simpler, and of degraded coarseness. All had,
however, an extraordinary wealth of adjectives, most of them
meaningless, as attached to no noun ideas, and a great quantity
of abstract nouns such as 'Liberty', 'Progress', without which no
refined inhabitant could consider a sentence complete. He would
introduce them into a discussion on the most material subjects.
"The immoral snub-nose", "the unprogressive teeth", "lascivious
music", "reactionary eyebrows"--such were phrases familiar to
all. "To eat again, to sleep again, to work again, to find the
light--that is Liberty, that is Progress" was a proverb common in
every mouth.
The religion of the people was Protestant Christianity in all
essentials, but with an even closer dependence upon God. They
asserted its formulae, without attaching any meaning to the
words, in a manner both reverent and passionate. Sexual life was
entirely forbidden to the workers, a single breach implying
relegation to the phosphorus works.
In every field was, however, an enormous tablet of rock,
carved on one side with a representation of the three stages of
life: the fields, the labour mill, the factory; and on the other
side with these words: "To enter Atlas, fly." Beneath this an
elaborate series of graphic pictures showed how to acquire the
art of flying. During all the generations of Atlas, not one man
had been known to take advantage of these instructions.
The principal fear of the populace was a variation of any kind
from routine. For any such the people had one word only, though
this word changed its annotation in different centuries.
'Witchcraft', 'Heresy', 'Madness', 'Bad Form', 'Sex-Perversion',
'Black Magic' were its principal shapes in the last four thousand
years of the dominion of Atlas.
Sneezing, idleness, smiling, were regarded as premonitory. Any
cessation from speech, even for a moment to take breath, was
considered highly dangerous. The wish to be alone was worse than
all; the delinquent would be seized by his fellows, and either
killed outright or thrust into the compound of the phosphorus
factory, from which there was no egress.
The habits of the people were incredibly disgusting. Their
principal relaxations were art, music and the drama, in which
they could show achievement hardly inferior to that of Henry
Arthur Jones, Pinero, Lehar, George Dance, Luke Fildes, and
Thomas Sidney Cooper.
Of medicine they were happily ignorant. The outdoor life in
that equable climate bred strong youths and maidens, and the
first symptoms of illness in a worker was held to impair his
efficiency and qualify him for the phosphorous factory. Wages
were permanently high, and as there were no merchants even of
alcohol, whose use was forbidden, every man saved all his
earnings, and died rich. At his death his savings went back to
the community. Taxation was consequently unnecessary. Clothes
were unnecessary and unknown, and the 'bread from heaven' was the
"free gift of God". The dead were thrown to the amphibians. Each
man built his own shelter of the rough stone sponge which
abounded. The word 'house' was used only in Atlas; the servile
race called its huts 'Hloklost' (equivalent to the English word
'home'). Discontent was absolutely unknown. It had not been
considered necessary to prohibit traffic with foreign countries,
as the inhabitants of such were esteemed barbarians. Had a ship
landed men, they would have been murdered to a man, supposing
that Atlas had permitted any approach to its shores. That it
hindered such, and by infallible means, was due to other
considerations, whose nature will form the subject of a
subsequent chapter.
This then is the nature of the plains beneath Atlas, and the
character of the servile race.
.pa
II.
OF THE RACE OF ATLAS
In the city or 'house' which was formed from the crest of
every mountain, dwelt a race not greatly superior in height to
our own, but of vaster frame. The bulk and strength of the bear
is not inappropriate as a simile for the lower classes; the
higher had the enormous chest and shoulders and the lean haunches
of the lion. This strength gave an infallible beauty, made
monstrous by their most inexorable law, that every child who
developed no special feature in the first seven years should be
sacrificed to the Gods. This special feature might be a nose of
prodigious size, hands and wrists of gigantic strength, a gorilla
jaw, an elephant ear--or any of these might entitle its owner to
life:* for in all such variations from the normal they perceived
the possibility of a development of the race. Men and women were
hairy as the ourang-outang and all were closely shaven from head
to foot. It had been found that this practice developed tactile
sensibility. It was also done in reverence to the 'Living Atla',
of which more in its place.
The lower class were few in number. Its function was to
superintend the servile race, to bring the food of the children
to the banqueting-hall, to remove the same, to attend to the
disposition of the 'light-screens', to ensure the continuance of
the race by the begetting, bearing and nourishing of the children.
The priestly class was concerned with the further preparation
of the Zro supplied by the labour-mills, and its impregnation
with phosphorus. This class had much leisure for 'work', a
subject to be explained later.
The High Priests and High Priestesses were restricted in
number to eleven times thirty-three in any one 'house'. To them
were entrusted the final secrets of Atlas, and to them was
confided the conduct of the experiments in which every will was
bound up.*
The colour of the Atlanteans was very various, though the hair
was invariably of a fiery chestnut with bluish reflections. One
might see women whiter than Aphrodite, others tawny as Cleopatra,
others yellow as Tu-Chi, others of a strange, subtle blue like
the tattooed faces of Chin women, others again red as copper.
Green was however a prohibited hue for women, and red was not
liked in men. Violet was rare, but highly prized, and children
born of that colour were specially reared by the High
Priestesses.
However, in one part of the body all the women were perfectly
black with a blackness no negro can equal; from this circumstance
comes the name Atlas. It is absurdly attributed by some authors
to the deposit of excess of phosphorus in the Zro. I need only
point out that the mark existed long before the discovery of
black phosphorus. It is evidently a racial stigma. It was the
birth of a girl child without this mark which raised her mother
to the rank of goddess, and ended the terrestrial adventure of
the Atlanteans, as will presently appear.
Of the ethics of this people little need be said. Their word
for 'right' is 'phph' made by blowing with the jaw drawn sharply
across from left to right, thus meaning 'a spiral life contrary
to the course of the sun'. We may assume it as 'contrary'.
"Whatever is, is wrong" seems to have been their first principle.
Legs were 'wrong' because they only carry you five miles in the
hour: let us refuse to walk; let us ride horseback. So the horse
is 'wrong' compared to the train and the motor-car; and these are
'wrong' to the aeroplane. If speed had been the Atlantean's
object, he would have thought aeroplanes 'wrong' and all else
too, so long as the speed of light was not surpassed by him.
Curious survivals of these laws are found in the Jewish
transcript of the Egyptian code, which they, being a slave race,
interpreted in the reverse manner.
"Thou shalt not make any graven image." Every male child on
attaining manhood, had a graven image given him to worship, a
miracle-working image, whose principle exploits he would tattoo
upon it.
"Remember the Sabbath Day and keep it holy." The Atlantean
kept one day in seven for all purposes unconnected with his
principle task.
"Thou shalt not commit adultery." Though the Atlanteans
married, intercourse with the wife was the only act forbidden.
"Honour thy father and thy mother." On the contrary, they
worshipped their children, as if to say: "This is the God whom I
have made in my own likeness."
Similarly, there is one exception and one only to the rule of
silence. It is the utterance of the 'Name' which it is death to
pronounce. This word was constantly in their mouths; it is
'Zcrra', a sort of venomous throat-gargling. Hence, possibly the
Gaelic 'Scurr' 'speak', English 'Scaur' or 'Scar' in Yorkshire
and the Pennines. 'Zcrra' is also the name of the 'High House',
and of the graven image referred to above.
Others traces may be found in folklore; some mere
superstitions. Thus the correct number for a banquet was
thirteen, because if there were only one more sign in the Zodiac,
the year would be a month longer, and one would have more time
'for work'. This is probably a debased Egyptian notion.
Atlanteans knew better than anyone that the Zodiac is only an
arbitrary division. Still it may be laid down that the impossible
never daunted Atlas. If one said, "Two and two make Four" his
thought would be "Yes, damn it!"*
I now explain the language of Atlas. The third and greatest of
their philosophers saw that speech had wrought more harm than
good, and he consequently instituted a peculiar rite. Two men
were chosen by lot to preserve the language, which, by the way,
consisted of monosyllables only, two hundred and fourteen in
number, to each of which was attached a diacritical gesture,
usually ideographic.
Thus 'wrong' is given as 'phph' moving the jaw from right to
left. Wiping the brown with 'phph' means 'hot', hollowing the
hands over the mouth 'fire', striking the throat 'to die;' so
that each 'radicle' may have hundreds of gesture-derivatives.
Grammar, by the way, hardly existed, the quick apprehension of
the Atlanteans rendering it unnecessary.
These two men then departed to a cavern on the side of the
mountain just above the cliff, and there for a year they
remained, speaking the language and carving it symbolically upon
the rock. At the end of the year they returned; the elder is
sacrificed and the younger returns with a volunteer, usually one
who wishes to expiate a fault, and teaches him the language.
During his visit he observes whether any new thing needs a name,
and if so he invents it, and adds it to the language. This
process continued to the end. The rest of the people abandoned
altogether the use of speech, only a few years' practice enabling
them to dispense with the radicle. They then sought to do without
gesture, and in eight generations the difficulty was conquered,
and telepathy* established. Research then devoted itself to the
task of doing without thought; this will be discussed in detail
in the proper place. There was also a 'listener', three men who
took turns to sit upon the highest peak, above the 'light-
screens', and whose duty it was to give the alarm if any noise
disturbed Atlas. On their report that High Priest charged with
active governorship would take steps to ascertain and destroy the
cause.
The 'light-screens' spoken of were a contrivance of laminae of
a certain spar such that the light and heat of the sun were
completely cut off, not by opacity, but by what we call
'interference'. In this way other subtle rays of the sun entered
the 'house', these rays being supposed to be necessary to life.
These matters were the subjects of the deepest controversy. Some
held that these rays themselves were injurious and should be
excluded. Others considered that the light-screens should be put
in position during moonlight, instead of being opened at sunset,
as was the custom. This, however, was never attempted, the great
mass of the people being devoted to the moon. Others wished full
sunlight, the aim of Atlas being (they thought) to reach the sun.
But this theory contradicted the prime axiom of attaining things
through their opposites, and was only held by the lower classes,
who were not initiated into this doctrine.
The 'houses' of Atlas were carved from the living rock by the
action of Zro in its seventh precipitation. Enormously solid, the
walls were lofty and smoother than glass, though the pavements
were rough and broken almost everywhere for a reason which I am
not permitted to disclose. The passages were invariably narrow,
so that two persons could never pass each other. When two met, it
was the law to greet by joining in 'work' and then going away
together on their separate errands, or passing one above the
other. This was done purposely, so as to remind every man of his
duty to Atlas on every occasion on which he might meet a fellow-
citizen.
The Banqueting-Hall of the children was usually very large.
The furniture, which had been brought by the first colonists, and
gradually disused by adults, never needed repair. A vast open
doorway facing North opened on the mountainside on to the
vineyards and orchards, the meadows and gardens, in which the
children passed their time. Suckled by the mother for three
months only, the child was then already able to nourish itself on
the bread and wine, and on the flesh of the amphibious herds, of
which there were several kinds; one a piglike animal with flesh
resembling wild duck, another a sort of amatee tasting like
salmon, its fat being somewhat like caviar in everything but
texture, and a sure specific for any of childhood's troubles. A
third, an ancestor of our hippopotamus, was really tamed, and was
employed by the serviles for preparing the ground for the corn,
trampling through the fields while they were covered with sea-
water, and thus leaving deep holes in which the seeds were cast.
Its flesh was not unlike bear, but more delicate. Notable, too,
was the great quantity of turtle; also the giant oysters, the
huge deep sea crabs, a kind of octopus whose flesh made a
nutritious and elegant soup, and innumerable shell-fish, added to
the table. The waterways were haunted by shoals of a small and
poisonous fish,* whose bite was immediate death to man, a fact
which altogether cut off communication between one island and
another except by air, as the hippopotamus-animal, although
immune to its bite, was unable to swim.
Of the sleeping chambers I shall tell more particularly in the
course of my remarks on Zro.
.pa
III.
OF THE AIM OF THE MAGICIANS OF
ATLAS: OF ZRO; AND ITS PROPERTIES
AND USES: OF THAT WHICH
COMBINED WITH IT: AND OF
BLACK PHOSPHORUS.
It was the most ancient tradition of the Atlantean magicians
that they were the survivors of a race inhabiting a country
called Lemuria, of which the South Pacific archipelago may be the
remains. These Lemurians had, they held, built up a civilization
equal, if not superior to their own; but through a
misunderstanding of magical law--some said the 2nd, some the 8dhl
so
There are also people breaking into systems they have no right to
access...and it doesn't matter why they do it or whether they harm
anything, it is wrong and illegal. There are people committing fraud
against banks, credit card companies, and telecommunications companies --
against all of us. There are instances of industrial and political
espionage going on. There are computer-run racist hate groups, kiddie porn
rings, and conspiracies to commit all kinds of awful things.
How would you write the laws so that illegal activity could be prosecuted
appropriately without endangering the rights of the innocent? Instead of
being critical, let's see some of you "authorities" apply your expertise to
something constructive! Suggest how we can write good laws that work but
can't be abused. This would be a good forum for that. If we come up with
some good suggestions, I suspect we could even get them into more
appropriate forums. But we have to have reasonable ideas, first, not
simply cries of "foul" that fail to acknowledge that there are real
criminals out there amongst the rest of us.
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*** CuD #1.21, File 4 of 5: On Mitch Kapor's Critics ***
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--------------
The following originally appeared in TELECOM Digest, #467.
--------------
Date: Tue, 3 Jul 90 23:04:32 CDT
From: TELECOM Moderator
Subject: TELECOM Digest V10 #467
Date: Wed, 4 Jul 90 00:00:00 gmt
From: dunike!isis!well!emmanuel (Emmanuel Goldstein)
Subject: Mitch Kapor and "Sun Devil"
It's real disturbing to read the comments that have been posted recently on
TELECOM Digest concerning Operation Sun Devil and Mitch Kapor's
involvement. While I think the moderator has been chastised sufficiently,
there are still a few remarks I want to make.
First of all, I understand the point he was trying to get across. But I
think he shot from the hip without rationalizing his point first, thereby
leaving many of us in a kind of stunned silence. If I understand it
correctly, the argument is: Kapor says he wants to help people that the
Moderator believes are thieves. Therefore, using that logic, it's okay to
steal from Kapor.
Well, I don't agree. Obviously, Kapor DOESN'T believe these people are
criminals. Even if one or two of them ARE criminals, he is concerned with
all of the innocent bystanders that are being victimized here. And make no
mistake about that - there are many innocent bystanders here. I've spoken
to quite a few of them. Steve Jackson, Craig Neidorf, the friends and
families of people who've had armed agents of the federal government storm
into their homes and offices. It's a very frightening scenario - one that
I've been through myself. And when it happens there are permanent scars
and a fear that never quite leaves. For drug dealers, murderers, hardened
criminals, it's an acceptable price in my view. But a 14 year old kid who
doesn't know when to stop exploring a computer system? Let's get real. Do
we really want to mess up someone's life just to send a message?
I've been a hacker for a good part of my life. Years ago, I was what you
would call an "active" hacker, that is, I wandered about on computer
systems and explored. Throughout it all, I knew it would be wrong to mess
up data or do something that would cause harm to a system. I was taught to
respect tangible objects; extending that to encompass intangible objects
was not very hard to do. And most, if not all, of the people I explored
with felt the same way. Nobody sold their knowledge. The only profit we got
was an education that far surpassed any computer class or manual.
Eventually, though, I was caught. But fortunately for me, the witch-hunt
mentality hadn't caught on yet. I cooperated with the authorities,
explained how the systems I used were flawed, and proved that there was no
harm done. I had to pay for the computer time I used and if I stayed out of
trouble, I would have no criminal record. They didn't crush my spirit. And
the computers I used became more secure. Except for the fear and
intimidation that occurred during my series of raids, I think I was dealt
with fairly.
Now I publish a hacker magazine. And in a way, it's an extension of that
experience. The hackers are able to learn all about many different computer
and phone systems. And those running the systems, IF THEY ARE SMART, listen
to what is being said and learn valuable lessons before it's too late.
Because sooner or later, someone will figure out a way to get in. And you'd
better hope it's a hacker who can help you figure out ways to improve the
system and not an ex-employee with a monumental grudge.
In all fairness, I've been hacked myself. Someone figured out a way to
break the code for my answering machine once. Sure, I was angry -- at the
company. They had no conception of what security was. I bought a new
machine from a different company, but not before letting a lot of people
know EXACTLY what happened. And I've had people figure out my calling card
numbers. This gave me firsthand knowledge of the ineptitude of the phone
companies. And I used to think they understood their own field! My point
is: you're only a victim if you refuse to learn. If I do something stupid
like empty my china cabinet on the front lawn and leave it there for three
weeks, I don't think many people will feel sympathetic if it doesn't quite
work out. And I don't think we should be sympathetic towards companies and
organizations that obviously don't know the first thing about security and
very often are entrusted with important data.
The oldest hacker analogy is the
walking-in-through-the-front-door-and-rummaging-through-my-personal-belongings
one. I believe the Moderator recently asked a critic if he would leave his
door unlocked so he could drop in and rummage. The one fact that always
seems to be missed with this analogy is that an individual's belongings are
just not interesting to someone who simply wants to learn. But they ARE
interesting to someone who wants to steal. A big corporation's computer
system is not interesting to someone who wants to steal, UNLESS they have
very specific knowledge as to how to do this (which eliminates the hacker
aspect). But that system is a treasure trove for those interested in
LEARNING. To those that insist on using this old analogy, I say at least be
consistent. You wouldn't threaten somebody with 30 years in jail for taking
something from a house. What's especially ironic is that your personal
belongings are probably much more secure than the data in the nation's
largest computer systems!
When you refer to hacking as "burglary and theft", as the Moderator
frequently does, it becomes easy to think of these people as hardened
criminals. But it's just not the case. I don't know any burglars or
thieves, yet I hang out with an awful lot of hackers. It serves a definite
purpose to blur the distinction, just as pro-democracy demonstrators are
referred to as rioters by nervous leaders. Those who have staked a claim in
the industry fear that the hackers will reveal vulnerabilities in their
systems that they would just as soon forget about. It would have been very
easy for Mitch Kapor to join the bandwagon on this. The fact that he didn't
tells me something about his character. And he's not the only one.
Since we published what was, to the best of my knowledge, the first
pro-hacker article on all of these raids, we've been startled by the
intensity of the feedback we've gotten. A lot of people are angry, upset,
and frightened by what the Secret Service is doing. They're speaking out
and communicating their outrage to other people who we could never have
reached. And they've apparently had these feelings for some time. Is this
the anti-government bias our Moderator accused another writer of harboring?
Hardly. This is America at its finest.
Emmanuel Goldstein
Editor, 2600 Magazine - The Hacker Quarterly
emmanuel@well.sf.ca.us po box 752, middle island, ny 11953
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*** CuD #1.21, File 5 of 5: Excerpts from Computerworld ***
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Date: Sun, 01 Jul 90 15:59:43 EDT
From: Michael Rosen
Subject: Re: articles
To: Computer Underground Digest
---------------
%The following was excerpted from: Computerworld, 6/25/90 (pp. 1,6). The
author is Michael Alexander (CW Staff).%
---------------
"...civil libertarians asserted last week that authorities have crossed the
bounds of the Constitution in carrying out searches..
...Mitch Kapor, founder of Lotus Development Corp. and On Technology, Inc.,
and John Barlow an author and lyricist for the Grateful Dead, will announce
the official launch of a computer hacker defense team "within a few weeks,"
as a result of the government's crackdown on computer crime, Kapor said
last week.
Two Law firms, Rabinowitz Boudin Standard Krinsky & Lieberman in New York
and Silverglate Gertner Fine & Good in Boston, are the other members of the
planned hacker defense team.
...Government agents have intimidated some hackers who sought legal counsel
and stampeded over their constitutional rights to free speech by illegally
seizing computers used to operate bulletin-board systems, said Terry Gross,
an attorney at Rabinowitz Boudin Standard Krinsky & Lieberman. The firm is
noted for its expertise in handling cases that it believes are deliberate
attacks on constitutional rights. For example, it defended Daniel Ellsberg
in the celebrated Pentagon Papers case.
Computerworld learned last week that Rabinowitz Boudin Standard Krinsky &
Lieberman is already providing legal assistance in the defence of Craig
Neidorf, a 20-year-old hacker and newsletter editor who has been indicted
in Chicago in a scheme to steal Bellsouth Corp. documentation for an
enhanced 911 emergency telephone system.
"I personally asked the attorneys to provide some informal advice in these
matters, and that is obviously a logical precursor to more formal
involvment," Kapor said in an interview.
The defense team is in the midst of setting up a formal structure and
strategy for the organization, Kapor said. Asked if the group will provide
funds to pay legal fees for computer hackers, Kapor replied: "I contemplate
doing that very strongly, but none of these decisions are final or public."
..."The government is overreacting," said Sheldon Zenner, Neidorf's
attorney and a member of the katten Muchin & Zavis law firm in Chicago.
"They are grappling with legitimate concerns of computer crime but are
trampling constitutional rights at the same time."
Zenner said that he will file First Amendment motions this week on his
client's behalf. Neidorf was slated to go to trial in federal district
court in Chicago last week, but the trial was rescheduled for next month to
allow the defense to file new motions.
"Craig is a 20-year-old nebish, so they don't mind going after him," Zenner
said. "They didn't think that it would raise the same issues as if they
went after _The New York Times_ or _The Wall Street Journal_."
Neidorf, who recently completed his junior year at the University of
Missouri, is a co-editor of "Phrack," a newsletter for computer hackers.
He has admitted to publishing an edited version of 911 documentation but
contended that he did not know the information had been stolen.
Federal and state law enforcers have maintained that it is necessary to
seize a computer to evaluate its contents for evidence of a crime, not to
block publication of any information on a bulletin board.
"I don't see this as a First Amendment issue," said Kirk Tabbey, a Michigan
assistant prosecuting attorney and coordinating legal counsel to the
Michigan Computer Crime Task Force.
"It is an intrusion only as far as we need to prove the crime," Tabbey
said. "You try to take only what you need because you have to comply with
the Fourth Amendment, which limits illegal searches and seizures."
Steve Jackson, founder of Steve Jackson Games in Austin, Texas, said he
thinks otherwise. In March, the Secret Service raided his office and the
home of an employee and seized computers that it said contained a "handbok
on computer crime," Jackson said. The handbook was in fact a game, he
said."
=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+
+ END CuD, 1.21 +
+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+===+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=
in board? What procedures does the Secret
Service have for obtaining information from computer bulletin
boards or networks? Please list the occasions where
information has been obtained since January 1988, including
the identity of the bulletin boards or networks, the type of
information obtained, and how that information was obtained
(was it downloaded, for example).
Response:
Yes, during the course of several investigations, the U. S.
Secret Service has "down loaded" information from computer
bulletin boards. A review of information gained in this manner
(in an undercover capacity after being granted access to the
system by it's system administrator) is performed in order to
determine whether or not that bulletin board is being used to
traffic in unauthorized access codes or to gather other
information of a criminal intelligence nature. At all times,
our methods are in keeping with the procedures as outlined in
the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA).
If a commercial network was suspected of containing
information concerning a criminal activity, we would obtain
the proper court order to obtain this information in keeping
with the ECPA.
The U. S. Secret Service does not maintain a record of the
bulletin boards we have accessed.
Question 6:
Does the Secret Service employ, or is it considering employing,
any system or program that could automatically review the
contents of a computer file, scan the file for key items,
phrases or data elements, and flag them or recommend further
investigative action? If so, what is the status of any such
system. Please describe this system and research being
conducted to develop it.
Response:
The Secret Service has pioneered the concept of a Computer
Diagnostic Center (CDC) to facilitate the review and
evaluation of electronically stored information. To streamline
the tedious task of reviewing thousands of files per
investigation, we have gathered both hardware and software
tools to assist our search of files for specific information or
characteristics. Almost all of these products are
commercially developed products and are available to the
public. It is conceivable that an artificial intelligence process
may someday be developed and have application to this law
enforcement function but we are unaware if such a system is
being developed.
The process of evaluating the information and making
recommendations for further investigative action is currently
a manual one at our CDC. We process thousands of computer
disks annually as well as review evidence contained in other
types of storage devices (tapes, hard drives, etc.). We are
constantly seeking ways to enhance our investigative mission.
The development of high tech resources like the CDC saved
investigative manhours and assist in the detection of criminal
activity.
Again, thank you for your interest. Should you have any further
questions, we will be happy to address them.
Sincerely,
/s/
John R. Simpson, Director
=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+
+ END CuD, #1.18 +
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