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          A few points to note:   
                    1)  the phases of the sun used in the Archangelic images  
          (East:Dawn;  South:Noon;  West:Sunset;  North:Midnight)  are  not  the
          same, nor are they as important to Wicca.  Instead, the poles of   day
          and night are established:   Night for the East-West axis and  Day for
          the North-South axis.   
                              2)
                               themale-femalepolesareestablishedwiththemasculine
          images (Herne and Cernunnos) attributed to the active Elements  (Air 
          and  Fire) and  the  feminine images  (Aradia  and Habondia)  to   the
          passive  Elements (Water and  Earth).  Note  that one figure  of  each
          gender stands in light, and one in darkness.  This male- 
          female/positive-negative/active-passive polarity is central to  
          virtually all systems of magick, eg. the yin/yang symbol  in  oriental
          systems.  I may be betraying solar-phallic tendencies by  these 
          assignments, and you may want to use different  attributions:  The 
          Maiden can be Air and the Mother switch to  Water, with the Hunter 
          moving into Earth, for example.   Heck, the dual God Forms should 
          perhaps be invoked in each  quarter.  eg. Venus/Adonis imagery in East
          or South,  Hertha/Herne in West, etc.    
           
                                    The Star Of David  
           
                    The last lineof the Invocationrefers toa 'six-rayed star'and
          the  mental work calls for imagining  a Star of David.  This is not  a
          specifically Jewish symbol in this context.  The six-pointed star,  or
          hexagram, is the Qabalistic symbol par excellence of initiation  and 
          spiritual illumination.  The  upward-pointing triangle  represents the
          aspiration of the magician to the Gods, and the  downward-pointing 
          triangle represents the divine power,  flowing down to the world.  
          These meet at the moment of  magick and the interlaced triangles 
          forming the hexagram  symbolize the power of this meeting.  Should you
          prefer not to use the Star of David, you can replace  the mental image
          with any symbol showing the meeting of your  soul and the power of the
          Goddess.  This can even be a private  symbol, one that is meaningful 
          only  to you.   Alternatively, you   can  just envision  the sphere of
          white light from the Q-Cross, as  a  symbol of divine power.   Replace
          the words about the 'six-rayed star' with some  descriptive form: 'the
          seal of the  Goddess,' or 'the sign of my   Awakening,' or simply 'the
          light Divine.'   









                                            101
          



                                  WICCAN PENTAGRAM RITUAL 
           
                    Rubric  [Thisis a formof the riteincorporating the changesin
          symbolism discussed above]    
               WICCAN CROSS  Face East.  Touch forehead.  Say  IO EVOE HERTHA 
          ('Blessed be Hertha,' or  other Name by which you  worship the Goddess
          as Creatrix)   Touch solar plexus or genitals.   Say IO EVOE CERNUNNOS
          ('Blessed be  Cernunnos,'  or other  name by  which you  worship   the
          Horned God as  the Earth)  Touch  right shoulder.  Say  EKO EKO AZARAK
          ('Hail,  hail force  of  fire')   Touch  left shoulder.   Say  EKO EKO
          AMELAK ('Hail, hail to the   glory')  Extend arms in form of  a cross.
          Say IO EVOE ('Blessed be.')  Clasp hands  upon breast and say 'So mote
          it be.'    
                    CIRCLE OFPROTECTION  Tracepentagram in East. SayHERNE. Trace
          circle of protection  until facing  South. Trace  pentagram in  South.
          Say CERNUNNOS. Trace circle of protection until facing West. Trace 
          pentagram  in West.    Say ARADIA.  Trace circle  of  protection until
          facing North. Trace  pentagram in North.  Say HABONDIA. Finish tracing
          circle, closing it in the East.    
           
                    INVOCATIONOF THEGREAT GODS Return tocenter ofcircle and face
          East.  Extend arms in form of a  cross.  Chant:    
                    Before me HERNE The Huntsman             
                    Behind me ARADIA The Maiden              
                    On my right hand CERNUNNOS, the Horned God           
                    On my left hand HABONDIA, the Great Mother           
                    About me flame the pentagrams           
                    And above me shines the light of the Goddess.    

          Repeat the Wiccan Cross.  Rather than performing this in the rather 
          measured cadences  of    Qabalistic  Ritual, a  form  of  dancing  and
          chanting  more pleasing  to the God-forms of Wicca might profitably be
          devised.
















                                            102
          



                      On the Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram
                                      by Tim Maroney  
            
               The Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram is one of the  chief
          rituals  of Western Magick.   It has  been with us  at least since the
          Golden Dawn of the  nineteenth century, and it has penetrated into all
          the  many Golden Dawn spinoffs, including  Neo-Paganism.  Yet there is
          still  no widely available, clear instruction.   The directions of the
          magical orders are  mere mnemonics for  those who are assumed  to have
          personal  instructors.   To  formulate  my  personal approach  to  the
          ritual, to aid any others who  may be considering practicing the  LBR,
          and to satisfy the idle curiosity of any gawking onlookers, I have put
          together this  short discussion of  the ritual  and its symbolism  and
          performance.  
            
           A.  Intent of the Ritual  
            
            The real action of a magick ritual takes place in the mind.   Ritual
          is  a  form  of  moving meditation.    The  effect  is  also primarily
          psychological.*  The LBR is a tool to facilitate meditation.  
            
          [*Not all  players would  agree with this  statement.  Many  would say
          that the effect  of the LBR  is a fortified  and cleansed area on  the
          astral plane, which  they think is as real as Hoboken, if not more so.
          It doesn't really matter in practice.]  
            
            The  experience of  a proper  LBR is  pleasurable and  soothing, yet
          energizing and empowering.  One is made at home in the mystical realm,
          protected from lurkers and phantasms by strongly imagined wards.  This
          solace from  mundane experience  is  a precondition  for more  serious
          works of meditation or ritual, but it can also form a healthy  part of
          the life of the mind by itself.  
            
           B. The Ritual  
            
            I'll just reprint  the description of the Lesser Banishing Ritual of
          the  Pentagram from Liber  O, a publication  of the occult  order A.'.
          A.'.  
            










                                            103
          



            i.  Touching the  forehead say  Ateh (Unto  Thee), ii.  Touching the
          breast  say Malkuth (The  Kingdom), iii. Touching  the right shoulder,
          say ve-Geburah (and  the Power), iv. Touching  the left shoulder,  say
          ve-Gedulah (and the Glory), v. Clasping the hands upon the breast, say
          le-Olahm, Amen (To the Ages, Amen).  
           vi. Turning to the East, make a pentagram (that of Earth) with the  
          proper weapon (usually the Wand).  Say (i.e. vibrate) IHVH.  
          vii. Turning  to the South, the  same, but say ADNI.  viii. Turning to
          he West, the same,  but say AHIH. ix. Turning to  the North, the same,
          but say AGLA.  [Pronounce: Ye-ho-wau*, Adonai, Eheieh, Agla.]  
            
            x. Extending the  arms in  the form of  a cross say,  xi. Before  me
          Raphael; 
            xii. Behind me Gabriel; xiii.  On my right hand Michael; xiv.  On my
          left hand Auriel;
           xv. For about me flames the Pentagram, xvi. And in the Column stands 
          the six-rayed Star.  
           xvii-xxi. Repeat (i) to (v), the "Qabalistic Cross."  
            
          [* Modern scholarship has a different take on the pronunciation of the
          Big   Guy's name.  I use "Yahweh" rather than the "Ye-ho-wau" of Liber
          O because  that's what the Catholic  priests of my youth  taught me to
          say,  and  I've  never  been  able to  shake  it  off.    Use whatever
          pronunciation you prefer, or a different name altogether.]  
            
           C. Politics of the Ritual  
            
            With practice,  you will  no doubt  come up with  your own  style of
          performance,  and  your  own  different  symbolism  for  ritual  acts.
          Different people do  rituals as differently as actors play parts, even
          though  the lines  and motions may  be fundamentally  the same.   (The
          alternative is an authoritarian, dogmatic horror which is alien to the
          deep occult understanding  of religion, but is still common in magical
          groups.)  Slavish imitation will get you nowhere in Magick  
          -- except, perhaps, to some high spiritual degree!  
            
           The Christianity -- or at least angelic monotheism -- of the ritual 
          symbolism may give a start to some.   Many of us involved in occultism
          have strongly negative feelings about Christianity.  These are perhaps
          justified, but there are a few saving graces here.  
            








                                            104
           



            First, as with any ritual, you should feel free to make it yours, to
          mess around with  it.  If you  don't start to  at least play with  the
          styles of a ritual after  a while, you are probably not doing  it very
          well.  It is perfectly legitimate to substitute cognate symbols at any
          time.   However,  the saying  in the  martial arts  is that  one first
          learns another's  style, and after  mastering it,  moves on to  create
          one's own.    For a  beginner, it  will be  easiest simply  to use  an
          existing  ritual form in  order to explore the  meaning of a banishing
          ritual.  
            
            Given that experience, which transcends any mere set of symbols, one
          may devise a form more in keeping with the emergence of one's personal
          style. For instance, Neo-Pagans use a highly  reified form of the same
          basic  ritual in  many  of their  traditions,  but with  non-Christian
          deities, spirits, and heros at the quarters.  Aleister Crowley wrote a
          new version which  made the performance more  dancelike, and used  the
          names of Thelemic deities and officers rather than monotheist gods and
          angels.   My  private  version, called   "Opening  the  Threshold", is
          entirely atheistic and philosophical.  
            
            In any case, of those people who so abhor Christianity,how many have
          looked at some  of the practices of historical pagans in Europe, Asia,
          Africa, and the Americas?  No religion should ever be "accepted" by an
          occultist. When using any  religion's symbolism, the adept  should cut
          to its sacred poetical core, and discard the political dross.  By this
          standard, Christianity looks 
          about as  good as any other  religion.  Without this  standard, and by
          factoring in  historical excesses  and power  plays, almost  all known
          religions look just about as bad as Christianity.  
            
            In  other words, someone who will  happily use Norse gods, Arthurian
          heroes,  Taoist immortals, Voudoun loas, or  what have you in rituals,
          but  will  never  touch  a  Christian angel,  is  guilty  of  the same
          narrowness he or she probably imparts to the Christians.  
            














                                            105
           



                               The Vibration of God-Names  
                               --------------------------  
            
            In  the LBR, the vibration of  the god-names "charges" or "enlivens"
          the pentagrams in the air.  This is difficult to describe, but easy to
          recognize. There  is a  feeling of  presence in  one of these  charged
          warding images -- though not necessarily a feeling of true externality
          or separate intelligence.  
            
            Weare told to "vibrate" the names.  The description and illustration
          of the  "vibration" given in Liber O have been known to mislead people
          into hilarious   postures.   What  the picture  most resembles  is the
          skulking monster from  the movie The Mummy.  To the  modern eye, it is
          remarkable how truly unclear a photograph can be.  
            
            I didn't  learn how to vibrate a god-name until I signed up with yet
          another occult order and was taught it in person.  I wouldn't wish the
          ensuing experience  on anyone, so here  is a description which  I hope
          will be adequate in print.  
            





























                                            106
          




                  Vibration phase i -- The Sign of the Enterer (1-4)  
                  --------------------------------------------------  
            
            1. Stand upright.   Blow all the air out  of your lungs.   Hold your
          arms straight out at your sides.  
            
            2a. Close your eyes and inhale nasally, imagining that the breath is
          the name. The exact nature of this imagination differs from  person to
          person.  Thus, you imagine yourself inhaling the name into your lungs.

            
            2b. As you  inhale, sweep your forearms smoothly and deliberately up
          so that your fists rest on your temples.  
            
            3. Imagine  the breath moving  down through  your torso slowly,  and
          through your pelvis, your legs, and finally to the soles of your feet.
          (Don't do this  so slowly that you are  hurting for air when  the name
          reaches your feet!) 
            
            4a.  The instant the inhaled vibrational name hits the soles of your
          feet, imagine it rushing back up and out.  
            
            4b. Simultaneously, throw yourself forward, thrusting your left foot
          forward  about  twelve inches  (or  thirty  centimeters) and  catching
          yourself  on it.   Your hands shoot  forward, together, like  a diver.
          You bend forward at the  waist so that your torso winds up parallel to
          the floor.  
            
            4c. The air in  your lungs should be blown out  through your nose at
          the same time, but imagine the name shooting out straight ahead.  
            
           Steps 3-4 are known as the Sign of the Enterer, or of Horus.  This 
          symbolizes powerful active energy.  The Enterer should be something of
          a  "rush".    The vibrational  name  is projected  outwards  into more
          tangible manifestation -- in this case, in the pentagrams  of the LBR,
          which are charged by the force of the projected god-names.  
            
            It is highly inadvisable to omit the portion of step(4b) which reads
          "catching yourself on it."  But again, I have no desire to infringe on
          your freedom of choice.  
            







                                            107
          




                  Vibration phase ii -- The Sign of Silence (5)  
                  ---------------------------------------------  
            
            5.  Finally, withdraw into a standing  position, left arm hanging at
          your side, right forefinger on lips, left foot pointing ninety degrees
          out from the body.  
            
            Step  5 is  called the  Sign of  Silence, or  of Harpocrates.   This
          Egyptian god was mistakenly  believed (at the turn of  the century) to
          pertain to silence, because his finger or thumb was touching his lips.
          This  gesture is  now  believed  to be  a  symbol  of childhood;  this
          correction  appears in  the World  card of  Crowley's "Book  of Thoth"
          Tarot  deck.   Harpocrates was  the god  of the  Sun at  dawn,  and so
          symbolizes  wonder, beauty, potential, growth. So,  step 5 may be done
          in this academically corrected light instead.  
            
            However, the  "hush" gesture of the  Golden Dawn Sign of  Silence is
          adequate  for  the  modern occultist,  even  if deprived  of  A Divine
          Identification.   It  is a common  gesture, at  least in  the European
          culture, meaning  silence. Silence  perhaps balances  the ultra-active
          Sign   of  the   Enterer   better  than   does   the  more   scholarly
          positive/active "Sign of  Harpocrates the Rising Sun",  and silence is
          surely no alien concept to mystics.  
            
                                     The Invocation  
                                     --------------  
            
            The pentagrams are given form by the drawing, life by the vibration,
          identity  by the four-part prayer of steps  (x) to (xiv).  Some people
          do very elaborate  visualizations of angelic guardians on each of (xi)
          to  (xiv).  Because of  my tragic personal  deficiencies, I am content
          with strong feelings  of presence, identity, and  divinity in each  of
          the four directions.  
            
            A  horizontal cross is built up step by  step as you say, "Before me
          Raphael", etc, with  you at the center; and the  position of your arms
          forms  a vertical  cross, a renewal  of the Qabalistic  Cross from the
          start of  the  ritual.  You  may  feel a  quite  peculiar  rising  and
          expansion when both  of these crosses are formulated.   One has become
          the center of the geometry of the space, and it is like a little world
          in  itself,  cut  adrift   from  the  mundane  currents   of  everyday
          experience.  
            





                                            108
          



            Steps (xv) and (xvi) are when the real banishing takes place, during
          "For  about  me flames  the pentagram,  and in  the column  stands the
          six-rayed star." A great pulse of force is emitted during these steps,
          imposing the personal will on the space and clearing it of all hostile
          influences.  
            
            After this is done, the invoked "archangels" maintain  the banishing
          effect, guarding  in  all four  directions.   Of course  this talk  of
          angels is  all bullshit --  the importance  lies in the  psychological
          effect.    Whether  there   "really  is" an  archangel  standing there
          keeping  out  inimical  spirits is  not  important.   The  "feeling of
          cleanliness" is what matters.  
            
                                    Concluding Cross  
                                    ----------------  
            
            The final Qabalistic Cross is an affirmation of the completeness and
          symmetry of  the ritual, and  also a  new self-consecration.   This is
          more efficacious  than  the previous  Cross because  it is  done in  a
          banished environment.  
            
            One  is  now  ready  to  do a  formal  invocation,  an  evocation, a
          meditation, or  whatever the overall  purpose may  be.  The  LBR is  a
          preliminary ceremony, although it  has a beneficial effect  in itself.
          It can profitably be done as a stand-alone ritual, but you should move
          on.  The LBR  should keep away the horrible  ickies that turn so  many
          novices away from Magick.  Its mastery is a first step to adeptship.  
            





















                                            109
           



                                    Mystical Pentagram
                                  Brightstarr, Kathexis 
           
                The Mystical Pentagram is a technique which will enhance psychic
          self- awareness. Practiced on a daily basis it will produce surprising
          individual  results. One of the features of  this technique is that it
          encourages personal development by allowing each entity to  discover a
          personal mantra which corresponds to the five elements. 

                    To begin,you will needa table ofcorrespondences such as"777"
          by Aleister Crowley. Look up the names of the gods and goddesses which
          correspond to the air element. Pick  a name which when chanted 'feels'
          right for you.  For example, Nu is the Egyptian  lord of the firmament
          and corresponds to air. If I were inclined towards egyptian deities, I
          would  chant  the  name Nu  for  several minutes  to  see  what effect
          transpired.  If I felt relaxed, comfortable,  and generally positive I
          would inwardly  know that this  name would  be in tune  with my  inner
          self. Proceed to find correspondences for fire, water, and earth in 
          the same  manner and finally for  spirit since it is  the aggregate of
          the four common elements. 

                    Once you have found a personalmantra or a chant consistingof
          five  names, vowel  sounds, etc.  You are  ready to  proceed with  the
          practical application of the Mystical Pentagram. 

                    Assume your favorite meditation position, relax and begin to
          breathe in a rhythmic pattern; ie. inhale count one, two, three, four,
          exhale count one,  two, three, four and so on.  Continue to breathe in
          such a  manner for about  five minutes  so that a  definite rhythm  is
          firmly established. 

                    Visualize thefive psychiccenters. Memorize theirpositions so
          that you become familiar with the positions. 

                    Nextvisualize a brilliant white light forming a circle above
          your head in the spirit center. Mentally draw a  white light pentagram
          within the circle of light. This should be an invoking pentagram. 

                    If your mind shouldbegin to wander, gently bring it back and
          vocally vibrate the mantra you have  chosen for the spirit center. Let
          your  mind dwell on  this center and intone  your mantra several times
          for at least five minutes. 







                                            110
          



                    Next seea shaft of whitelight radiate down throughyour skull
          stopping at your throat near  the adam's apple. See a circle  of white
          light  begin to form and pulsate.  Mentally draw an invoking pentagram
          within the circle of light and vocally vibrate your chosen mantra  for
          the air  center. Continue to stimulate  this center for  at least five
          minutes. 
                    Now see ashaft of white light radiate downthrough your torso
          stopping  at your fire  center. This is located  just above the navel.
          See  a brilliant white light begin to  pulsate at this center and draw
          an  invoking pentagram within the circle of light. As your mind begins
          to  wander  gently guide  it back  to he  image  of the  glowing white
          pentagram.  Here vibrate your chosen fire  mantra. Once this center is
          stimulated the sensation is unmistakable. A mild tingling or vibration
          of the solar-plexus area is  physically experienced. Continue to dwell
          on this center for at least five minutes. 

                    See theshaft of whitelight pushdown tot thewater centerwhich
          is  located in the groin area. Here,  too, a brilliant circle of white
          light should  be visualized. Again  draw an invoking  pentagram within
          the circle of light. Intone the mantra for the water center and repeat
          the sound several times for the next five minutes. 

                    Having arrived thusfar, see the shaft of white light radiate
          down through  your legs stopping at  the bottom of your  feet which is
          the  earth center. Form a brilliant,  white, pulsating circle of light
          and draw an  invoking pentagram within the  circle. Intone your  earth
          mantra and  vocally vibrate the  sound several  times during the  next
          five minutes. 

                    When all ofthe energy centers havebeen stimulated, directthe
          light energy from the spirit center to the earth center. As you exhale
          see the light travel  from the top of your head down through your body
          to the bottom of your feet.  As you inhale see the energy  travel from
          your feet up  through your body up to the top of your head, the spirit
          center.  These circulations  should be  persisted  for at  least seven
          complete  circuits. See the energy cleanse  and vitalize every part of
          your  being and expand your awareness  to cosmic consciousness. As you
          continue to repeat this technique  each day you will begin to  see and
          feel a change in  your psychic awareness and  a marked improvement  in
          your health. 









                                            111
               



                    Don't  become  discouraged  if  you  don't  achieve  results
          immediately. This  technique produces  very positive effects  but they
          are  cumulative in nature. Be gentle  with your inner self however you
          must also be persistent and keep  the communication open. It is also a
          good idea to perform this exercise at the same time each day  in order
          to allow your  body cycles  incorporate the energy  flow in a  natural
          order. 
                                    Suggested reading: 
          The Art of True Healing-Israel Regardie 
          Energy Ecstasy-Bernard Gunther                                   







































                                            112
               



                               BASIC SPELL CONSTRUCTION 
           
           
           
          Because of the very nature of Magick, each working should be highly  
          individualized and personal.  Even if following a traditional spell, 
          it should be tailored to your specific needs to be most effective  
          for you.  Understanding the basics of Spell Construction will enable 
          you to formulate your own specific, effective spells for any purpose 
          you desire. 
           
          Preliminary planning is necessary.  The very first step is to decide 
          precisely what your desired end result is to be.  Before you can  
          start, you must decide where you are going.  You must be very  
          explicit. 
           
          It is important, also, that you choose your time carefully.  You  
          should take into consideration all Astrological implications, energy 
          currents and Moon phases. 
           
          The Moon is the astronomical body closest to us and, therefore, has  
          a profound influence upon us, it is very important to choose a time  
          when the Moon is in an astrological sign which is appropriate for  
          your working.  For example:  Aries/Action - Enthusiasm, Taurus/ 
          Renewal - Sensuality, Gemini/Communication - Curiosity, Cancer/ 
          Emotion - Nurturing, Leo/Vitality - Determined, Virgo/Organizing -  
          Studious, Libra/Balance - Cooperation, Scorpio/Sexual -  
          Philosophical, Capricorn/Authority - Ambitious, Aquarius/Innovation  
          - Social, Pisces/Sensitivity - Idealistic. 
           
          Bear in mind that magickal workings for gain, increase or bringing  
          things to you, should be initiated when the Moon is Waxing (from  
          Dark to Full);  when the Moon is Waning (from Full to Dark), it is  
          time for magickal workings of decrease or sending away.   
           
          The highest energy occurs at the Full Moon and, therefore, this is  
          the most powerful time for magickal workings.  The New Moon is the  
          next most powerful time for Magick. 
           
          Whenever possible, follow Nature's natural Energy Currents.  There  
          is a natural time for starting things (a planting time), for  
          maturing things (a growing time), for reaping things ( a harvest  
          time) and, of course, a time for rest and planning. 
           
          Flowing with these currents will make your magickal work much easier. 




                                            113
          




          Remember to plan your project for a time of uninterrupted privacy.   
          It is important that you have no distractions.  Generally speaking, 
          it is best to work as late at night as possible.  A time when there  
          is less frantic energy is most appropriate.  You might consider  
          Midnight or later.  
           
          In choosing a place to do your magickal working pay particular  
          attention to your needs, for you must be comfortable.  Your place  
          should be private, quiet and secure.  If at all possible, set aside  
          a special place for this purpose only.  An unused room, a special  
          corner of your bedroom, a quiet, secluded spot in your garden.  A  
          place that is yours.  A place that you can come to whenever need  
          arises and that is as free from intrusion of others as possible. 
           
          Prior to the night of your magickal working, gather together the  
          things that you will need.  All of the things used are tools.  They  
          have no inherent magick.  They are to help you create a mood.  If  
          correctly made and used, they will trigger primitive responses from 
          deep within you.  They should be chosen with care. 
          Consider the purpose of your ritual and choose your tools  
          accordingly.  If your magick is to be sexual, your candles, oils,  
          incenses and so forth, should bring forth a sexual response.  If the 
          desired result of your Magick is Tranquillity, then the tools should 
          make you feel calm, peaceful and serene.  Any candles you might use  
          should not have commercially added fragrances as these may not be  
          appropriate for your working. 
           
          Prior to your ritual, prepare yourself and your equipment by any  
          means necessary to clean and purify.  Historically, people have  
          fasted, followed meticulous and detailed bathing practices,  
          practiced chastity and used many other methods. 
           
















                                            114
          



          Most often a Ritual Bath is the preferred method.  A bath frequently 
          utilizing candlelight, fragrant herbs, bath salts or sensuous oils.  
          A sumptuous hot bath, special bathing preparations and appropriate  
          lighting, combined, can create the soothing effect which will help  
          in  the  very  important  step  of  relaxing  and  clearing  the  mind
          completely 
          of all mundane thoughts and experiences of the day.  Your ritual  
          Bath should, also, begin to set the specific vibrations conducive to 
          your purpose into motion.  You must not only cleanse and purify but  
          must, also, begin to create the type of energy necessary. 
          Once your purification process has been accomplished, you are now  
          ready to begin.  Proceed to the special place you have previously  
          chosen in which to perform your magick.  If at all possible, you  
          should make use of the primitive responses set into motion by a well 
          chosen piece of music.  Your music should start slowly and build to  
          a rousing climax.  
           
          As you use your oils, light your candle or incense (or utilize any  
          other tool you have chosen), you should begin to further intensify  
          the energy that you have set into motion around you.  A high degree  
          of intensity is vitally important. 
           
          The Altered State of Consciousness that you must reach is not a  
          meditative state.  Anything that interferes with your ability to  
          concentrate upon, reach and control the high energy state necessary  
          to perform magick should be avoided.  Such as, screaming children, a 
          sink full of dirty dishes, use of alcohol or drugs, etc. 
           
          Do not scatter your energy by attempting to do more than one  
          magickal working at a time. 
           
          Remember that Magick is the manipulation of energy, a thought is a  
          form of energy and a visualization is an even stronger form of  
          energy.  Your visualization can be a method used to intensify  
          further and direct your will.  Your visualization can be the method  
          by which you control the magickal energy you have produced.   
          You must know what you want.  You must see it.  You must feel the  
          high energy flow.  You must direct it. 
           
          One of the most important elements in the practice of any form of  
          Magick is the Universal Law of Cause and Effect.  This means that  
          whatever you do (or don't do) you cause something to happen. 
           
          The most important consideration is the Universal Law of  
          Retribution. This means that no matter what you do, it comes back  
          to you in like kind. 
           


                                            115
          



          It is the nature of things that as you send something out it gains  
          momentum, so that, by the time it comes back to you, it is three  
          times stronger.  If you do something nice for someone, someone will  
          do something nicer for you. 
           
          "As you weave and  
               spin your spell, 
          Three fold return 
               the tale will tell." 
           







































                                            116
          



                                                                        117

          A CEREMONY FOR THE TROOPS IN THE GULF FOR SAFETY AND VICTORY

     To be  performed at the next  Full Moon after  Jan. 15th, or  when war
     breaks out

     Introduction:  This  is not  a ceremony  for peace.  Unfortunately, it
     seems that  peace  isn't a  viable option,  and our  warriors and  the
     warriors that are allied with us will go on the war path to engage the
     enemy.  In days of old,  the Chiricahua Teneh  invoked the energies of
     White  Painted Woman before going into battle. White Painted Woman was
     not only the Maiden aspect of the Goddess, but also the one who taught
     First  Man and First Woman, Her children,  the skills of battle. It is
     She who will be addressed the most in this ceremony.

     Preparations: Set up the shields (or candles: Black in the East, White
     in the South, Yellow in the  West and Royal Blue in the North)  at the
     four cardinal points, with the aid of a compass if possible. The Altar
     is set up  a little to  the West of  the center, for  the sake of  the
     spirits of the warriors that have gone before. The altar  cloth should
     be Desert  Camo, to bring  to mind  the uniforms of  the warriors  now
     poised for battle. Two tan candles and a brown Maiden candle should be
     burning on the altar, but there should be no other adornments save for
     the usual  tools. This is a  solemn occasion. If robes  are worn, they
     should be desert tan or Desert Camo. If you can get hold of  them, the
     traditional Kaffiyeh scarves can be worn  around the neck or as a belt
     for your  athames.  (for circles with both a High Priestess and a High
     Priest, the "F" in parentheses refers to what should be  spoken by the
     HPS, the "M"  in parentheses means that which should  be spoken by the
     HP.)

                            HERE BEGINS THE CEREMONY
                            ~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~
                    PART ONE: ESTABLISHING THE SACRED GROUNDS

     OFFICIANT (F): To all  present, I bid you Ho'n'dah  (welcome). Welcome
     to the  sacred ground,  the place where  the world  is made  one...the
     special place, the place where we can remember ourselves.

     PARTICIPANTS: Ho'n'dah! Welcome!  

     OFFICIANT  (M): We  come in  a  time of  crisis, in  a  time when  our
     brothers  and sisters have taken up arms against the enemy. The Pagans
     of old have seen the war times again and  again, and have when needful
     fought valiantly and victoriously. It is time again to ask the Lady of
     War, the One Who taught us the arts of battle in the first  place, for
     Her protection and for the blessings of quick and decisive victory!
     PARTICIPANTS: Enju! Let it be so!

     OFFICIANT (F): Let us make the circle and make the ceremony.

     Drummer starts a slow (60-70 bpm) beat.   The Officiant(s) and the(ir)
     Acolyte walk to the intended perimeter of the circle, just in front of
     the eastern shield. The Officiant (F) is given the Smudge Stick by the
     Acolyte. She smudges the Eastern Quarter, saying:

     OFFICIANT  (F): Harmful  ones  of  the  East,  Gan'n  of  the  Eastern
     Mountains, stay away from this sacred ground...leave and not return.
     The process is repeated at the Southern quarter.



                                                                        118

     OFFICIANT (F): Harmful ones of the South, Gan'n of the Fiery Southern
     Mountains, stay away from this sacred ground...leave and not return.
     The process is repeated at the Western quarter.

     OFFICIANT  (F): Harmful ones of the West,  Spirits of unquiet dead and
     those conjured  by the sorcerers  of the  Enemy, Gan'n of  the Western
     Mountains, stay away from this sacred ground...leave and not return.

     The process is completed at the Northern quarter.

     OFFICIANT  (F):  Harmful ones  of the  North,  Thunder people  of evil
     intent,  Gan'n of the Northern  Mountains, stay away  from this sacred
     ground...leave and not return.

     The Officiant (F) then passes the smudge stick back to the Acolyte (or
     Male Officiant)  who smudges  hi/rself then smudges  all participants.
     S/he then takes the smudge stick back to the  altar, placing it in its
     bowl. The Acolyte  takes the pouch  of sacred meal  off the altar,  to
     bring it to the Officiant

     The Acolyte and Officiant(s) then walk to the Eastern Quarter. The 
     Officiant(F) throws a pinch of corn meal in the direction of the East,
     then says:

     OFFICIANT(F):  Spirit keepers  of  the East,  direction  of the  Sun's
     rebirth, kindly ones of Air, come, see, and join in the ceremony!

     PARTICIPANTS: Blessed Be!

     The process is repeated at the South.

     OFFICIANT(F):  Spirit keepers  of the  South, direction  of the  Sun's
     repose, kindly ones of Fire, come, see, and join in the ceremony!

     The process is repeated at the West.

     OFFICIANT(F):  Spirit keepers  of  the West,  direction  of the  Sun's
     setting,  brave warriors who  have fallen in  battle, blessed, mighty,
     good and brave ancestors, kindly ones of Water, come, see  and join in
     our ceremony!

     The process is completed at the North.

     OFFICIANT(F):  Spirit keepers  of the  North,  direction of  the Sun's
     zenith, kindly ones of the Soil, come, see, and join in our ceremony!

     The Officiant(s) then  walk back to the East.  The Acolyte joins them.
     The  Officiant(F) unsheathes  her athame,  points it  to the  sky, and
     says:

     OFFICIANT(F): Great Sky Father, Sun Father, Killer of Enemies, Lord of
     Battle,  Lord   of  the  Hunt,   Rain  Lord,  Eternal   Hero,  Father,
     Grandfather, we welcome you to the Circle of Light, on this night when
     we ask your  blessing on the  Warriors of our  Nation. Come bless  us,
     come comfort us, come strengthen us, come enlighten us, come, see, and
     join in the ceremony!

     ALL:  Hail, Sky  Father! Hail,  Lord  of Battle!  Come bless  us, come
     comfort us, come strengthen us, come enlighten us, come, see, and join
     in the ceremony!  Ho'n'dah! Blessed Be!



                                                                        119

     (The male officiant unsheathes his athame, then) The Officiant(M) then
     says:

     OFFICIANT(M): Great  Mother, White Painted  Woman, She Who  taught the
     Pagans puissance at arms, She who gives victory to Her beloved People,
     Mother of Limitless  Space, Mother  of the Silver  Moon, Corn  Mother,
     Grandmother  Wisdom, we  your children  welcome you  to the  Circle of
     Light, on this  night when we ask your blessing on the Warriors of our
     Nation.  Come  bless us,  come comfort  us,  come strengthen  us, come
     enlighten us, come, see and join in the ceremony!

     ALL: Hail, White Painted Woman! Hail, Bringer of Victory! Hail, Maiden
     of Battle, She of Unlimited Strength! Come bless us,  come comfort us,
     come  strengthen us,  come enlighten  us,  come, see  and join  in the
     ceremony!  Ho'n'dah! Blessed Be!

     (The Male Officiant then sheaths his athame then) The Officiant(s) and
     the Acolyte then walks the  circle around four times Deosil, once  for
     each of the four directions. The Officiant(f) traces the circle in the
     air with the athame three  times, then scatters more corn meal  on the
     next  pass. The  rounds begin  and  end in  the  Eastern Quarter.  The
     Officiant(s)  and  the  Acolyte complete  the  rounds,  then  stand at
     attention at the Eastern Quarter.

     OFFICIANT(F):  Four times  the  circle  is  drawn.  It  is  good,  and
     unbroken.  It  is  the  boundary between  Ordinary  and  Non-ordinary,
     between sacred and more sacred still. I have done this! Enju!

     ALL: ENJU! BLESSED BE! 

     THE CIRCLE  IS COMPLETED.  NO-ONE IS  TO LEAVE IT  ABRUPTLY, BUT  AT A
     SUITABLE LULL ONE  WHO HAS NEED CAN  CUT THEMSELVES OUT.  CHILDREN AND
     ANIMALS ARE EXCLUDED FROM THESE REQUIREMENTS.

                              THE CIRCLE IS BROKEN
                              ~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~
     OFFICIANT(F): It is  time to break the circle. We  have joined here to
     lend  our support to  our Warriors, as  Pagans have done  in war times
     past. It  is time to dismiss  the Spirit Keepers, the  great ones, who
     have kept guard over this sacred spot.

     The Officiant(s) face East.

     OFFICIANT(S):  Spirit keepers of the  East, from the  direction of the
     Sun's rebirth, kindly  ones of the Air,  we bid you farewell.  Blessed
     be.

     The Officiant(s) face North.

     OFFICIANT(S): Spirit keepers of  the North, from the direction  of the
     sun's  Zenith, kindly ones  of the Soil, we  bid you farewell. Blessed
     be.

     The Officiant(s) face West.

     OFFICIANT(S):  Spirit keepers of the  West, from the  direction of the
     sun's setting, blessed, mighty, good and brave ancestors, kindly  ones
     of watet, we bid you farewell. Blessed be.



                                                                        120

     The Officiant(s) face South.

     OFFICIANT(S): Spirit keepers of  the South, from the direction  of the
     sun's repose, kindly ones of fire, we bid you farewell. Blessed be.

     The Officiant(s) return to face East.

     Great  Mother, Noble Father, Beautiful Lady, Mighty Lord, we thank you
     for your presence and blessings here. Go if  you must, but stay if you
     can.  Blessed Be.

     The circle  is then "sunken" by  all assembled into the  soil, to give
     the energy released  within to the Earth for healing  if the ritual is
     done  outdoors. If indoors, the  circle is broken  by the Officiant(s)
     walking the circle around four times Widdershins to disperse it.

     THUS ENDS THE RITUAL.
     Minerva Chihacou White Puma Pasekngavit 1/14/1991



                                                                             121
     

                                 Tool Blessing Ritual

     A purification of objects for ritual use and their transformation into
     magical items.
     [The area is prepared by placing a quantity of each element in the proper
     quarter, as well as preparing the altar in the usual way. If available, a
     cauldron (empty) is placed in the center of the circle.  Candles are placed
     at each  of the four  corners and  lit, progressing deosil  from the  east.
     Salt and  water are blessed, and  the celebrants are purified  with them. A
     magic circle is cast, and watchtowers summoned.  The god is then drawn down
     as follows:
     [The priest stands before the alter in the Osiris position, arms crossed
     across chest and feet together.   The Priestess kneels before him with face
     and arms upraised.] 

     PS:  Hephaestus, forger of magic,
          descend upon this the body of thy priest and servant,
          lend us the strength of your arms.
          Prometheus, shape of man,
          descend upon this the body of thy priest and servant,
          lend us your fire and foresight
          Morpheus, weaver of dreams,
          descend upon this the body of thy priest and servant,
          lend us your subtlety and vision
     P:   I am he, the shape-god,
          forger, builder, artisan, smith.
          With strength and craft I form the world.
     [The Priest helps  the Priestess to rise, and  she stands in the  center of
     the circle in the god position, extending her arms outward and down, palms
     facing forward.  The Priest kneels before her with head bowed.]
          Clotho, spinner of the strand of life
          Descend upon this the body of thy priestess and servant.
          Lend us your wheel of making.
          Hecate, caster of spells,
          Descend upon this the body of thy priestess and servant.
          Lend us the power of your magic.
          Aphrodite, goddess of love,
          Descend upon this the body of thy priestess and servant.
          Grant us eros, philos, aristos, agape.  
     PS:  I am she, the weaver-goddess,
          Painter, poet, sculptor, witch.
          With art and love I form the world.
     [The priestess extends her hands to the priest, and helps him rise. The
     priest  cups both hands  and scoops from  the cauldron, then  offers to the
     priestess.]
     P:   Drink now from the cauldron of Cerridwen, whose draughts bring
     knowledge, peace, and life.
     [The priestess sips from the  cupped hands, after which the  priest drinks.
     The objects to be blessed are taken from the altar by the priest and moved
     widdershins to the west quarter, and immersed in the water there.]
     P:   Spirits of the west, in water born
          In cool waters cleanse these tools
          And wash from them all hurt and harm
          This I ask, this charge I lay,
          By oak and ash and bitter thorn.
     [The objects are moved by the priestess to the south quarter and moved
     above the flames there.]



                                                                             122
     

     PS:  Spirits of the south, in fire born
          In shining flames purify these tools
          And burn from them all impurities
          This I ask, this charge I lay,
          By oak and ash and bitter thorn.
     [The objects are moved to the east quarter by the priest and moved through
     the incense smoke.]
     P:   Spirits of the east, in sweet air born
          In swirling winds polish these tools
          And sweep from them all phantasm and illusion
          This I ask, this charge I lay,
          By oak and ash and bitter thorn.
     [The objects are moved to the altar by the priestess, and placed upon the
     pentacle.]
     Ps:  Spirits of the north, in cool earth born
          In mother earth ground these tools
          And take from them all spirits dark
          This I ask, this charge I lay,
          By oak and ash and bitter thorn.
     [The person consecrating the tools now offers an impromptu or prepared
     charge to the items, stating their purpose and mode of use.  They are then
     taken up by the priestess and moved to the east quarter.]
     PS:  Spirits of the east, from the bright air come,
          Fill these tools with the swirling energies of the whirlwind
          Make them float like the breeze
          Spirits of air, hearken unto me,
          As I do will, so more it be.
     [The tools are now taken up by the priest and moved to the south quarter.]
     P:   Spirits of the south, from wild fire come,
          Fill these tools with the burning energies of the flames
          Make them glow with bright fire
          Spirits of fire, hearken unto me,
          As I do will, so more it be.
     [The tools are now taken up by the priestess and moved to the west
     quarter.]
     P:   Spirits of the west, from soothing water come,
          Fill these tools with the calming energies of the warm rain
          Make them flow like the tide
          Spirits of water, hearken unto me,
          As I do will, so more it be.
     [The tools are now taken up by the priestess and moved to the altar.]
     PS:  Spirits of the north, from firm earth come,
          Fill these tools with the ordering energies of the growing crops
          Make them flourish like grapes on the vine
          Spirits of earth, hearken unto me,
          As I do will, so more it be.
     [The  priest  takes  the tools  from  the altar  and  steps  backwards. The
     priestess stands at the altar  facing south towards the priest.  The priest
     extends  his right  arm  in parallel  to  the ground,  between  he and  the
     priestess, with the tools in his hand.]
     P:   I am the god, ever desiring.  I am the stag in the woods,
          I am the sun in the noonday sky, I am the lover in the dark.
          I offer passion, strength, devotion, and the swiftness of the hunt.
     [The priestess extends her right arm in like fashion, and places her hand
     over that of the priest.]



                                                                             123
     

     PS:  I am the goddess, ever nurturing.
           I am the tempting beauty of the maid,
           I am the quiet strength of the mother,
           I am the infinite wisdom of the crone.
           I offer life, love, warmth, and the fruitfulness of the fields.
       
      
     [Both step towards each other, and turn their hands and arms so the fingers
     point upwards, and the palms facing their own chest, cupping the other's
     palm between and holding the tools.  They clasp each other with their left
     arms.]
     P&PS: Male and female, yin and yang, light and dark, action and stillness.
           Apart we are forever incomplete, but together we form one.
           In our joining we are blessed.  In our union, the limitless energy
           of universe is released and captured here.
     P:    As I do will
     PS:   As I do will
     P&PS: As we do will, so mote it be.
     [The priest  and priestess kiss,  then release grasps.   If the  number and
     size
     of  the tools  precludes them  being held  in one hand  simultaneously, the
     latter
     charging section  should be repeated for  each.  The tools  are replaced on
     the
     altar.Cakes and wine are blessed and consumed, and a period of relaxation
     and rest follows.  The watchtowers are then dismissed, and the circle
     opened.]



                                                                             124
     


                            DEDICATION OF Altar And Athame
                                Durwydd MacTara (1990)

          ALTAR

               This Altar in the circle's center,
               A focal point that only good may enter.

               Erected to God and Goddess in strength,
               Circular, it has neither breadth nor length.

               Focal point in A Circle of Power,
               A mighty lens for every Tower!

               Sacred to Lord, Maiden, Lady, and Crone,
               The foundation of many a powerful Cone!

               Resting Place of Magick and its implements,
               Let veneration and Love be our only sentiments!

               A tool of will, powerful and free,
               As it is willed, So Mote it Be!

          ATHAME

               Mighty Deities, Gracious Lady and Mighty Lord,
               As I perform this ritual, Pray hearken to my word.

               This tool, conceived in Mind of Air, (Point East)
               Forged and formed in Fire of the South, (Point South)
               Power tool for those who dare,
               I CLAIM thee with my mouth! (Kiss blade)

               Tempered with Water for Strength, (Point West)
               Also dedicated to the Earth,in Power. (Point North)
               Blessed be, entire in length, (Kiss Pommel)
               As it partakes of every Tower! 

               By the Power of Cosmos, As above, (Point Up)
               The Expression of Cosmos, is below. (Point Down)
               Upon this instrument of Will and Love,
               My Sacred Tie I bestow! (1 drop of blood on each side
                                        and hilt)

               This tool is dedicated to my service of Lady and Lord,
               Please find this work beneficial and good.
               Bound to thee by homage, decimation, effort and word,
               Bound to me by words, will, and blood.

               By the powers of earth, sky, star, and sea;
               Such is my will, So mote it be!



                                                                             125
     

            BELTANE:Its History and Modern Celebration in Wicca in America
                                  by Rowan Moonstone

        The celebration of May 1st, or Beltane  as it is known in Wicca
     Circles, is one of the most important festivals of our religious year.
     I will attempt here to answer some of the most often asked questions
     about this holiday. An extensive bibliography follows the article so that
     the interested reader can do further research.

     1. Where does the festival of Beltane originate?

        Beltane, as practiced by modern day Witches and Pagans, has its
     origins among the Celtic peoples of Western Europe and the British
     Isles, particularly Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

     2. What does the word Beltane mean?

        Dr. Proinsias MacCana  defines the word as follows:  "... the
     Irish name for May Day is Beltane, of which the second element, `tene', is
     the word for fire, and the first, `bel', probably means `shining or
     brilliant'."(1) The festival was known by other names in other Celtic
     countries.  Beltaine in Ireland, Bealtunn in Scotland, Shenn do Boaldyn
     on the Isle of Mann, and Galan Mae in Wales.(2)

     3. What was the significance of this holiday to the ancients?

        To the ancient Celts, it symbolized the coming of spring. It
     was the time of year when the crops began to sprout, the animals bore
     their young, and the people could begin to get out of the houses where they
     had been cooped up during the long dark cold winter months. Keep in mind
     that the people in those days had no electric lights or heat, and that
     the Celtic counties are at a much more northerly latitude than many of us
     are used to. At that latitude, spring comes much later, and winter lasts
     much longer than in most of the US. The coming of fair weather and longer
     daylight hours would be most welcome after a long cold and dark winter.

     4. How did the ancient Celts celebrate this festival?

        The most ancient way of observing  this day is with fire. Beltane,
     along with Samhain (Nov.  1), Imbolc (Feb. 1), and Lughnassadh  (Aug. 1),
     was one of the four great "fire festivals" which marked the turning
     points of the Celtic year.  The most ancient records tell us that the
     people  would extinguish  all the  hearth  fires in  the  country and  then
     relight  them from the "need fires" lit by the druids (who used friction as
     a means of  ignition). In many  areas, the cattle  were driven between  two
     great bonfires to protect them from disease during the coming year.   It is
     my personal belief, although I have no documentation to back up the
     assumption, that certain herbs would have been burnt in the fires, thus
     producing smoke which would help destroy parasites which might make cattle
     and other livestock ill.



                                                                             126
     


     5. In what other ways was this festival celebrated?

        One of the most beautiful customs associated with this festival was
     "bringing in the May." The young people of the villages and towns
     would go out into the fields and forests at Midnight on April 30th
     and gather flowers with which to bedeck themselves, their families, and
     their homes. They  would process back  into the villages, stopping  at each
     home to leave flowers, and to receive the best of food and drink that the
     home had to offer. This custom is somewhat similar to "trick or treat" at
     Samhain and was very significant to the ancients.  John Williamson, in his
     study, The Oak King, the Holly King, and the Unicorn, writes, "These
     revelers were messengers  of the  renewal of vegetation,  and they  assumed
     the right to punish the niggardly, because avarice (as opposed to
     generosity) was dangerous to the community's hope for the abundance of
     nature. At an important time like the coming of summer, food, the substance
     of  life must  be ritually  circulated generously  within the  community in
     order that the  cosmic circuit of  life's substance may  be kept in  motion
     (trees, flocks, harvests, etc.)."(3)  These revelers would bless the fields
     and flocks of those who were generous and wish ill harvests on those who
     withheld their bounty.


     6. What about maypoles?

        The maypole was an adjunct to the festival of bringing in the
     May. It is a phallic symbol, and as such represented fertility to the
     participants in the festival. In olden days, the revelers who went into
     the woods would cut a tree and bring it into town, decking it with
     flowers and greenery and dance around it, clockwise (also called deosil,
     meaning "sun-wise", the direction of the sun's apparent travel across
     the face  of the Earth) to bring fertility and good luck.  The ribbons
     which we associate with the maypole today were a later addition.

     7. Why was fertility important?

     The people who originated this custom lived in close connection with the
     land. If the flocks and fields were fertile, they were ableto eat; if
     there was famine or drought, they went hungry. It is hard for us today to
     relate to this concept, but to the ancients, it was literally a life and
     death matter. The Celts were a very close tribal people, and fertility of
     their women literally meant continuity of the tribe.

     8. How is the maypole connected with fertility?

     Many scholars see the maypole as a phallic symbol. In this aspect, it is
     a very powerful symbol of the fertility of nature and spring.



                                                                             127
     


     9. How did these ancient customs come down to us ?

     When Christianity came to the British Isles, many of the ancient holy
     sites were taken over by the new religion and converted to Christian sites.
     Many of the old Gods and Goddesses became Christian saints, and many of the
     customs were appropriated. Charles Squire says," An ingenious theory was
     invented after the introduction of Christianity, with the purpose of
     allowing such ancient rites to continue with a changed meaning. The
     passing of persons and cattle through flame or smoke was explained as
     a practice which interposed a magic protection between them and the powers
     of evil." (4) This is precisely what the original festival was intended to
     do; only the definition of "evil" had  changed. These old customs
     continued to  be practiced  in many areas  for centuries.  "In Scotland  in
     1282, John, the priest in Iverkething, led the young girls of his parish in
     a  phallic dance  of decidedly  obscene character  during Easter  week. For
     this, penance was laid upon him, but his punishment  was not severe, and he
     was allowed to retain his benefice."(5)

     10. Were sacrifices practiced during this festival?

     Scholars are divided in their opinions of this. There is no
     surviving account of  sacrifices in  the legends and  mythology which  have
     come down to us.  As these were originally set down on paper by Christian
     monks, one would think that if such a thing had been regularly practiced,
     the good brothers would most certainly have recorded it, if for no other
     reason than to make the pagans look more depraved. There are, however, some
     surviving folk customs  which point to a person representing  the gloom and
     ill fortune of winter being ostracized and forced to jump through  the
     fires.  Some scholars see this as a survival of ancient human sacrificial
     practices. The notion that animals were sacrificed during this time doesn't
     make sense from a practical standpoint. The animals which had been retained
     a breeding stock through the winter would either be lean and hungry from
     winter feed, or would be mothers nursing young, which could not be spared.

     11. How do modern day pagans observe this day?

        Modern day pagan observances of Beltane include the maypole
     dances, bringing in the May, and jumping the cauldron for fertility. Many
     couples wishing to conceive children will jump the cauldron together at
     this time. Fertility of imagination and other varieties of fertility are
     invoked along with sexual fertility. In Wiccan and other Pagan circles,
     this is a joyous day, full of laughter and good times.

     12. What about Walpurgisnacht? Is this the same thing as Beltane?


     Walpurgisnacht comes from an Eastern European background, and
     has little in common with the Celtic practices. I have not studied the
     folklore from  that region and  do not  consider myself qualified  to write
     about
     it. As the vast majority of Wiccan traditions today stem from Celtic roots,
     I have confined myself to research in those areas.



                                                                             128
     


     FOOTNOTES
     (1)  MacCana, Proinsias, Celtic  Mythology, The Hamlyn
     Publishing Group Limited, London, 1970, p.32.

     (2) Squire, Charles, Celtic Myth and Legend, Poetry and Romance,
     Newcastle Publishing Co., Van Nuys, CA, 1975, p.408.

     (3) Williamson, John, The Oak King, the Holly King, and the
     Unicorn, Harper & Row, NY, 1986, p.126.

     (4) Squire, p.411.

     (5) Hole,  Christina, Witchcraft In England,  Rowman & Littlefield,
     Totowa, NJ, 1977, p.36.


     BIBLIOGRAPHY Bord, Janet & Colin,  Earth Rites, Fertility Practices
     in Pre-Industrial Britain, Granada, London, 1982.

     Danaher, Kevin, The Year in Ireland, The Mercier Press, Cork, 1972.

     Hole, Christina, Witchcraft in England, Rowman & Littlefield,
     Totowa NJ,1977.

     MacCana, Proinsias, Celtic Mythology, The Hamlyn Publishing
     Group, Ltd., London, 1970.

     MacCulloch, J.A. Religion of the Ancient Celts, Folcroft Library
     Editions, London, 1977.

     Powell, T.G.E. The Celts, Thames & Hudson, New York, 1980.

     Sharkey, John, Celtic Mysteries, the Ancient Religion, Thames &
     Hudson, New York, 1979.

     Squire, Charles, Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and Romance,
     Newcastle Publishing Co., Van Nuys, CA, 1975.

     Williamson, John, The  Oak King, The Holly King, and the Unicorn,
     Harper & Row, New York, 1986.

     Wood-Martin, W.G., Traces  of the Elder Faiths of Ireland,
     Kennikat Press, Port Washington, NY, 1902.



                                                                             129
     


                    CASTING THE CIRCLE  ONE

     Set  up : place  a candle in  each of the four  cardinal directions.Lay the
     rest of the tools on the altar cloth or near it. The altar can be on the 
     ground, a table, a rock or a stump. The altar should be in the center 
     or just north of center of the Circle. Light the six candles and the 
     incense, start the musicand begin the ritual.

                         THE RITUAL

          Facing North, the  High Priest  and Priestess  kneel in  front of  the
     altar with him to her right. She puts the bowl of wateron the altar, places
     the point of her athame in it and says:

          "I exorcise  thee, O Creature of  Water, that thou cast  out from thee
     all impurities and uncleanliness of the world of phantasm; in the names of 
     Cernunnos and Aradia"

          She  then puts down her athame and holds  up the bowl of water in both
     hands.  The High Priest puts the bowl of salt on the altar, puts his athame
     in the salt and says:

          "Blessings be upon this Creature of Salt; let all malignity and 
              hindrance be cast forth hence, and let all good enter herein; 
                       whereforeso Iblessthee, thatthoumayest aidme, inthenames 
           of Cernunnos and Aradia."

          He then puts down his athame and pours the salt into the bowl of water
     the High Priestess is holding. The High Priest then stands with the rest of
     the Coven outside the Circle. The High Priestess then draws the Circle with
     the  sword, leaving  a gap  in  the Northeast  section.  While drawing  the
     Circle, she should visualize the power flowing into the Circle from off the
     end of  the sword. She  draws the Circle  in a East  to North or  deosil or
     clockwise direction. She says:

          "I conjure thee, O Circle of Power, that thou beest a meeting place of
                       loveandjoyand truth;ashieldagainst allwickednessand evil;
               a  boundary between  men and  the realms  of the  Mighty Ones;  a
     rampart and protection that shall preserve and contain the power      that
     we shall raise within thee. Wherefore do I bless thee and        consecrate
     thee, in the names of Cernunnos and Aradia."

          The High Priestess lays down the sword and admits the High Priest with
     a kiss while spinning him deosil and  whispers"Bless Be" . He then admits a
     women the  same way. Alternate  male female male.  Then the  High Priestess
     finishes closing the Circle with the sword. She then names three witches to
     help strengthen the Circle. The first witch carries the bowl of consecrated
     water from East to  East going deosil, sprinkling  the perimeter as  she/he
     goes. They  then sprinkle each  member in turn.  If the  witch is male,  he
     sprinkles  the High Priestess  last who then  sprinkles him.  If female she
     sprinkles  the  High Priest  last,  who then  sprinkles  her.  The bowl  is
     replaced on the altar. The second witch takes the incense burner around the
     perimeter and the third takes one of the altar candles.  While going around
     the perimeter, each person says:



                                                                             130
     


          "Black spirits and white,
          Red spirits and grey,
          Harken to the rune I say.
          Four points of the Circle, weave the spell,
          East, South, West, North, your tale tell.
          East is for break of day,
          South is white for the noontide hour,
          In the West is twilight grey,
          And North is black, for the place of power.
          Three times round the Circle's cast.
          Great ones, spirits from the past,
          Witness it and guard it fast."

          All the Coven  pickup their athames  and face the  East with the  High
     Priest and Priestess in front, him on her right. The High Priestess says:

          "Ye Lords of the Watchtowers of the East, ye Lords of Air;
          I do summon, stir, and call you up to witness our rites     and to    
     guard the Circle."

          As she  speaks she draws  the Invoking Pentagram  of Earth in  the air
     with  her  athame. The  High Priest  and  the rest  of the  Coven  copy her
     movements with their athames. The High Priestess turns and  faces the South
     and repeats the summoning:

          "Ye Lords of the Watchtowers of the South, ye Lords of Fire; I do 
              summon, stir and call you up, to witness our  rites and to guard  
           the Circle."

          She does the same pentagram and then faces West and says:

          "Ye Lords of the Watchtowers of the West, ye Lords of  Water, ye Lords
             of Death and Initiation; I do summon,     stir, and call you up, to
             witness our rites and to guard  the Circle."

          She faces North with rest of the Coven and says:

          "Ye Lords of the Watchtowers of the North, ye Lords of Earth; Boreas, 
              thou gentle guardian of the Northern     Portals; thou powerful   
          God and gentle Goddess; we do      summon, stir and call you up, to   
     witness our rites and to guard the Circle."

          The Circle is completed and  sealed. If anyone needs to leave,  a gate
     must  be  made. Using  the  sword,  draw out  part  of  the Circle  with  a
     widdershins  or  counterclockwise  stroke.Immediately  reseal  it  and then
     repeat the opening and closing when the person returns.


     Farrar, Janet and Stewart; "Eight Sabbats For Witches"; Robert   Hale  1983
     and Valiente, Doreen; "Witchcraft for Tomorrow"; Phoenix Publishing 1985



                                                                             131
     

                               TECHNOLOGY AND THE CRAFT
                          Removing the Barriers to Spaceflight

     Before the ritual begins, distribute paper and have an airplane-folding 
     session.

     TECHNO-LESSON #1:  Making Fire

     He tries to light the fire with firesticks;  She then enters, lights the 
     charcoal with the sacred Bic, and hands it to He, who lights the quarter 
     candles with it and hands it back to She, who lights the altar candles.

                                Bless the Elements (She)

          By the oceans that fed our grandparents
          And the oceans that will house our grandchildren
          I bless and purify this being of water.

          By the Earth from which our grandparents rose
          And the Earth which our grandchildren will watch rise
          I bless and purify this being of earth.

          By the wood fires of our grandparents
          And the fusion fires of our grandchildren
          I bless and purify this being of fire.

          By the airy realms our grandparents studied
          And the airy realms our grandchildren will walk
          I bless and purify this being of air.

                                  Cast the Circle (He)

          As the Moon cuts a Circle round the Earth
          As the Earth cuts a Circle round the Sun
          So I cut this Circle round us.

          As the rains wash the mountains
          As the oceans wash the beaches
          So I cleanse this Circle and we within it with Water and Salt.

          As the Moon charges the restless waters
          As the Sun charges all that is green and growing
          So I charge this Circle and we within it with Air and Fire.

                                  Invoke Quarters (She)

          I invoke thee, Mighty Ones of the East;  bring us Your gifts of 
     wisdom; watch over us in this Circle.  Come to us in the name of 
     Athena WiseWeaver!  Hail and Welcome! 

               Iinvoke thee, MightyOnes of theSouth; bring us Yourgifts of will;

          watch over us in this Circle.  Come to us in the name of Brigid 
          SmithMistress!  Hail and Welcome!

          I invoke thee, Mighty Ones of the West;  bring us Your gifts of 
               understanding;  watch overus in thisCircle.  Come tous in thename
          of Poseidon ShipMaster!  Hail and Welcome!



                                                                             132
     


          I invoke thee, Mighty Ones of the North;  bring us Your gifts of 
          dedication;  watch over us in this Circle.  Come to us in the name of 
          Ptah CraftsMaster!  Hail and Welcome!

          We are now between the worlds.

                              ALL BREATH, GROUND AND CENTER

     TECHNO-LESSON #2:  Overcoming Physical Shortcomings

     Chant:  She Changes Everything She Touches

     He & She begin the chant, She drumming.  Her shoulder starts acting up;  He
     gets out  the Casio (tempo -2, any 4/4 rhythm).   For the chant, mix verses
     as is pleasing.

          She changes everything She touches and
          Everything She touches, changes.
          She changes everything She touches and
          Everything She touches, changes.

          We are the changers
          Everything we touch can change.
          Change us, touch us;
          Touch us, change us.

          Everything that dies is born again
          In a new place, on a new day.
          Everything that's lost is found again
          On a new day, in a new way.

          Io, Kore!
          Io, Kore!
          Io, Persephone!

     TECHNO-LESSON #3:  Supplementing Abilities

     First, He & She 'argue' about who's going to lead it, jokingly asking if 
     anyone in  Circle wants to do  background music;  then  He gets pathworking
     with music on audio tape.  When pathworking is done, folks should  still be
     in  light  trance;    the  next  thing  is  to  concretize  the working  by
     distributing pens so that people can  put whatever they symbols they  think
     are appropriate on their airplanes.

     POWER  CHANT:   A  rising OM;   which  at peak  leads  into Countdown.   At
     "Liftoff", throw the  planes upwards (when done, planes  can either be kept
     or HP/S should offer to see that they get burned.

          (* Note *) (* Note *)  Don't forget to Ground  (* Note *) (* Note *)



                                                                             133
     


     GROUNDING CHANT:
                                     Earth below us
                                    Drifting, falling
                                   Floating weightless
                                       Coming home

     TECHNO-LESSON #4:  There is no Techno-Lesson #4.

                              CAKES & WINE, WITH DISCUSSION

     Topics for Discussion:

     (0)  Why we invoked the particular guys
     (1)  Best and Worst side of technology
     (2)  Incorporating tech with Wicca
     (3)  Space Travel & Wicca: not leaving Her dead when we go
     (4)  More respecters of Earth involved with control of tech
     (5)  Whatever else ...

                                       CLOSE (SHE)

               I thankThee, Mighty Onesof the Northfor Your presenceat our rite,
          and ere You depart for Your earthy realms we bid You Hail and 
     Farewell, in the name of Ptah CraftsMaster.

               I thank Thee,Mighty Ones of theWest for Your presenceat our rite,
     and ere You depart for Your watery realms we bid You Hail and    Farewell,
     in the name of Poseidon ShipMaster.

               I thank Thee,Mighty Ones ofthe South forYour presence atour rite,
          and ere You depart for Your fiery realms we bid You Hail and Farewell,
          in the name of Brigid SmithMistress.

               I thank Thee, MightyOnes of the Eastfor Your presence atour rite,
     and  ere You depart for  Your airy realms we bid  You Hail and Farewell, in
     the name of Athena WiseWeaver.



                                                                             134
     


                                             (HE)

          Fire, seal the Circle round; let it fade beneath the ground;
          Let all things be as they were since the beginning of time.  (3 times)

     ***** NOTES *****

     Tools:  (0)     Athame(s) & cingula
                     Cup
                     Censer & Incense
                     Pentacle
                     Salt dish & salt
                     Altar & quarter candles
                     Libation bowl
                     Cakes & wine
                     Robes (optional, depending on participants)
                     God & Goddess symbols
                     SCRIPT

             (1)  Firesticks & Sacred Bic

             (2)  Paper and pens for paper airplanes

             (3)  Cassette deck and pathworking cassette

             (4)  Drum and Casio w/ rhythm generator

             (5)  Talking stick (optional)

                                                     by  Skydancer & Triton
                                                         Proteus Coven, NYC

     (c) 1987 Perihelion Press.  Reprinted by permission.



                                                                             135
     

                               WICCAN TOOL LIST MASTER

     Equipment:
               a Pentacle
               6 candles; 1 for each direction, 2 for altar
               chalice of wine
               wand
               scrounge of silken cords
               small bowl of water
               small bowl of salt
               3 cords, one red, one white, one blue, 9' long each
               white handled knife
               individual athames
               incense burner and incense
               small hand bell
               dish of cakes
               sword
               chalk
               altar cloth  any color
               cauldron
               tape recorder and tapes of appropriate music
               veil for Great Rite of a Goddess color  blue, green,silver or 
               white

          For New or Dark Moon Esbat:
          (For Samhain Sabbat replace wine with hard apple cider)
               extra incense
               an apple and a pomegranate
               cauldron with a fire in it and/or a bonfire
               crystal ball or other scrying tools
               white tabard with hood for Priestess

          For Winter Solstice (Yule):
               cauldron with candle or oak bonfire
               wreaths, 1 of holly and 1 of mistletoe
               crowns, 1 of oak and 1 of holly
               blindfold
               sistrum
               animal skull filled with salt

          For Spring Equinox cords as described in preparations
               hard boiled eggs
               a bonfire ready to ignite or a taper
               in the cauldron     flowers

          For Beltane Sabbat:
               bonfire

          For Initiations anointing oil
                    tub to bath the candidate in
                 towels
                 salts, herbs and oils to add to the bath
                 a blindfold
                 a shirt or other clothing that can be cut                   
                 a length of string to measure the person
                 two lengths of cord to bind the hands and feet
                 bonfire for warmth if needed

          For Blessings   anointing oil, wine



                                                                             136


                                  ALL HALLOW'S EVE 
                                   ================
                                  by Mike Nichols  
         *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *  
             * Halloween.  Sly does it. Tiptoe catspaw.  Slideand creep.   *    
        *  But why?  What for?  How?  Who?  When!  Where did it all      *
             * begin?   'You don'tknow, do you?' asks Carapace Clavicle    *    
         * Moundshroud climbing out under the pile of leaves underthe   *       
     *  Halloween Tree.  'You don't REALLY know!'                      *        
     *      --Ray Bradbury   from 'The Halloween Tree'                *         
     *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *    *       
                 Samhain. All Hallows. All Hallow's Eve. Hallow E'en. Halloween.
     The most magical night of the year.   Exactly opposite Beltane on the wheel
     of the year, Halloween is Beltane's dark twin.  A night of glowing jack-o--
     lanterns, bobbing for apples, tricks or treats, and dressing in costume.  A
     night of  ghost stories and seances,  tarot card readings and  scrying with
     mirrors.  A night of power, when the veil that separates our world from the
     Otherworld is at its thinnest.  A 'spirit night', as they say in Wales.

                 All Hallow's Eveis the eveof AllHallow's Day (November1st). And
     for once, even  popular tradition remembers that the Eve  is more important
     than  the Day itself, the traditional celebration focusing on October 31st,
     beginning at sundown.  And this seems only fitting for the great Celtic New
     Year's festival.   Not that  the holiday was Celtic  only.  In  fact, it is
     startling  how many  ancient and  unconnected  cultures (the  Egyptians and
     pre-Spanish Mexicans, for  example) celebrated  this as a  festival of  the
     dead.   But the  majority of our  modern traditions  can be  traced to  the
     British Isles.

                   The Celtscalled itSamhain, whichmeans'summer's end',according
     to  their ancient  two-fold division  of  the year,  when  summer ran  from
     Beltane to  Samhain and winter ran  from Samhain to Beltane.   (Some modern
     Covens echo this  structure by  letting the  High Priest  'rule' the  Coven
     beginning  on Samhain,  with rulership  returned to  the High  Priestess at
     Beltane.)  According  to the later four-fold division  of the year, Samhain
     is seen as  'autumn's end' and the  beginning of winter.   Samhain is  pro-
     nounced  (depending  on where  you're from)  as  'sow-in' (in  Ireland), or
     'sow-een'  (in   Wales),  or   'sav-en'  (in  Scotland),   or  (inevitably)
     'sam-hane' (in the U.S., where we don't speak Gaelic).

                   Not onlyis Samhaintheend ofautumn; itisalso, moreimportantly,
     the end of the  old year and the beginning  of the new.  Celtic  New Year's
     Eve, when the new year begins with the onset of the dark phase of the year,
     just as the new  day begins at sundown.  There  are many representations of
     Celtic gods with  two faces, and it surely  must have been one of  them who
     held  sway  over  Samhain.   Like  his Greek  counterpart  Janus,  he would
     straddle the threshold, one face turned toward the past in commemoration of
     those who died  during the last year, and one  face gazing hopefully toward
     the future, mystic eyes attempting  to pierce the veil and divine  what the
     coming year holds.  These two themes, celebrating the dead and divining the
     future, are inexorably intertwined in Samhain,  as they are likely to be in
     any New Year's celebration.



                                                                             137


                   As afeast of the dead, it was believedthe dead could, if they
     wished,  return to the land of the  living for this one night, to celebrate
     with  their family, tribe,  or clan.   And  so the  great burial  mounds of
     Ireland  (sidhe mounds)  were opened  up, with  lighted torches  lining the
     walls, so the  dead could find  their way.   Extra places  were set at  the
     table and food set out for any who had died that year.  And there are  many
     stories that  tell of Irish heroes making raids on the Underworld while the
     gates of faery stood open, though all must return to their appointed places
     by cock-crow.

                   As a feast ofdivination, this was the night parexcellence for
     peering into the future.   The reason  for  this has to do with  the Celtic
     view of time.   In a culture that uses  a linear concept of time,  like our
     modern one,  New Year's Eve is simply a milestone  on a very long road that
     stretches in  a straight line from  birth to death.   Thus, the  New Year's
     festival is a  part of time.  The ancient Celtic  view of time, however, is
     cyclical.  And in this framework, New Year's Eve represents a point outside
     of  time,  when the  natural  order of  the  universe  dissolves back  into
     primordial  chaos, preparatory to  re-establishing itself  in a  new order.
     Thus,  Samhain is a night that  exists outside of time and  hence it may be
     used to view any other point in time.   At no other holiday is a tarot card
     reading, crystal reading, or tea-leaf reading so likely to succeed.


                   TheChristianreligion, withitsemphasisonthe 'historical'Christ
     and  his act of redemption 2000 years ago,  is forced into a linear view of
     time, where 'seeing the future' is an illogical proposition.  In fact, from
     the Christian perspective, any attempt to do so is seen as inherently evil.
     This did not keep the medieval Church from co-opting Samhain's other motif,
     commemoration of the  dead.  To  the Church, however,  it could never  be a
     feast for all the dead, but only the blessed dead, all those hallowed (made
     holy) by obedience  to God -  thus, All Hallow's,  or Hallowmas, later  All
     Saints and All Souls.

                   There areso manytypes of divinationthat aretraditional toHal-
     lowstide, it is possible to mention  only a few.  Girls were told  to place
     hazel nuts along the front of the  firegrate, each one to symbolize one  of
     her suitors. She could then divine her future husband by  chanting, 'If you
     love me, pop and fly; if you hate me, burn and die.'  Several  methods used
     the apple,  that most popular  of Halloween  fruits.  You  should slice  an
     apple through the equator (to reveal the five-pointed star within) and then
     eat it by candlelight before a mirror.  Your future spouse will then appear
     over your shoulder.   Or, peel an apple, making sure the  peeling comes off
     in one long strand,  reciting, 'I pare this apple round  and round again; /
     My  sweetheart's name  to flourish  on the  plain: /  I fling  the unbroken
     paring o'er my head, / My sweetheart's  letter on the ground to read.'  Or,
     you  might set  a snail to  crawl through  the ashes  of your hearth.   The
     considerate little creature will  then spell out the  initial letter as  it
     moves.



                                                                             138


                   Perhapsthe mostfamous iconof theholiday isthe jack-o-lantern.
     Various  authorities attribute  it  to  either  Scottish or  Irish  origin.
     However, it  seems  clear that  it was  used  as a  lantern  by people  who
     traveled the  road this night, the  scary face to frighten  away spirits or
     faeries  who  might otherwise  lead  one astray.    Set on  porches  and in
     windows, they cast  the same spell of protection over  the household.  (The
     American pumpkin seems to have forever superseded the European gourd as the
     jack-o-lantern  of  choice.)   Bobbing for  apples  may well  represent the
     remnants of a  Pagan 'baptism' rite called  a 'seining', according  to some
     writers.   The water-filled tub  is a latter-day  Cauldron of Regeneration,
     into which the novice's head is immersed.  The fact that the participant in
     this folk game was usually blindfolded with hands tied behind the back also
     puts one in mind of a traditional Craft initiation ceremony.

                   Thecustom of dressing in costumeand 'trick-or-treating' is of
     Celtic origin  with survivals  particularly strong in  Scotland.   However,
     there are some important differences from the modern version.  In the first
     place, the custom was not relegated to children, but was  actively indulged
     in  by adults as well.  Also, the  'treat' which was required was often one
     of spirits (the liquid variety).  This has recently been revived by college
     students  who go  'trick-or-drinking'.   And in  ancient times,  the roving
     bands would sing seasonal carols from house  to house, making the tradition
     very similar  to  Yuletide  wassailing.   In  fact,  the  custom  known  as
     'caroling', now  connected exclusively with mid-winter,  was once practiced
     at all the major holidays.  Finally, in Scotland at least, the tradition of
     dressing in  costume consisted almost exclusively  of cross-dressing (i.e.,
     men dressing  as women,  and women as  men).   It seems  as though  ancient
     societies provided  an opportunity for people  to 'try on' the  role of the
     opposite gender for one night of the year.   (Although in Scotland, this is
     admittedly less dramatic - but more confusing - since men were in the habit
     of wearing skirt-like kilts anyway.  Oh well...)


                   To Witches,Halloween is oneof thefour HighHolidays, orGreater
     Sabbats, or cross-quarter  days.  Because it is  the most important holiday
     of the year, it is  sometimes called 'THE Great  Sabbat.'  It is an  ironic
     fact that the newer, self-created Covens tend to use the  older name of the
     holiday,  Samhain,  which they  have  discovered  through modern  research.
     While the older hereditary and traditional Covens often use the newer name,
     Halloween, which has been  handed down through oral tradition  within their
     Coven.  (This is often  holds true for the names of the  other holidays, as
     well.   One may  often get an  indication of a Coven's  antiquity by noting
     what names it uses for the holidays.)



                                                                             139



                   With suchan important holiday, Witches oftenhold two distinct
     celebrations.   First, a large Halloween party for non-Craft friends, often
     held on the previous weekend.  And second, a Coven ritual held on Halloween
     night itself, late enough so as not to be interrupted by trick-or-treaters.
     If the  rituals  are performed  properly,  there is  often the  feeling  of
     invisible friends  taking part in  the rites.   Another date  which may  be
     utilized in planning celebrations  is the actual cross-quarter day,  or Old
     Halloween, or  Halloween O.S. (Old  Style).  This  occurs when the  sun has
     reached 15 degrees Scorpio, an astrological 'power point' symbolized by the
     Eagle.  This  year (1988), the date  is November 6th at 10:55  pm CST, with
     the  celebration beginning  at  sunset.    Interestingly,  this  date  (Old
     Halloween) was also appropriated by the Church as the holiday of Martinmas.

                   Ofallthe Witchcraftholidays, Halloweenisthe onlyonethat still
     boasts anything near  to popular celebration.  Even though  it is typically
     relegated to children (and  the young-at-heart) and observed as  an evening
     affair  only, many  of  its  traditions  are  firmly  rooted  in  Paganism.
     Interestingly, some  schools have  recently attempted to  abolish Halloween
     parties  on  the grounds  that  it  violates the  separation  of state  and
     religion.  Speaking as a  Pagan, I would be saddened by the success of this
     move, but as a supporter of the  concept of religion-free public education,
     I fear I  must concede the point.   Nonetheless, it  seems only right  that
     there SHOULD  be one night  of the  year when our  minds are turned  toward
     thoughts of  the supernatural.  A night when both Pagans and non-Pagans may
     ponder the mysteries of the Otherworld and its inhabitants.  And if you are
     one of them, may all your  jack-o'lanterns burn bright on this All Hallow's
     Eve. 



                                                                             140

          **PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ** 
      
      
     SAMHAIN  (pronounced saw-an), commonly referred to as  Halloween,  
     is  a  religious  holiday celebrated by Wiccan  and  witch.   The  
     festival traditionally is a feast for the gathering of the family  
     in  love  and  remembrance.  All  the  family  including   one's  
     ancestors. 
      
     Wiccans  do  not regard physical death as an end but  merely  one  
     more  event  in a continuing progress of the soul's in  its  path  
     toward fulfillment of divine destiny.  Because of these  beliefs,  
     it is only natural at this time of year to invite  our  beloved  
     ancestors to remember and to celebrate with us.  
      
     If you do not find these beliefs in conflict  with your own  
     personal  beliefs, please join us in the  following  ritual  of  
     thanksgiving and remembrance. 
      
     Whether you join with us or not,  
          May you walk in the Light of the Lady  
               and know the Wisdom of the Lord. 
      
     Blessed Be. 
      
     The clergy and members of the United Wiccan Church. 
      
                                    *** 
      
     After  you  have  shared  the bounty of  your  harvest  with  the  
     children  of  your neighborhood (candy, etc) and  the  house  has  
     settled down for the night, disconnect or turn off your telephone  
     so that this state of serenity will continue uninterrupted.  
      
     Prepare a special feast of whatever foods reminds you of a special  
     departed  friend or family member, or of past  family  gatherings.  
     While you are preparing this feast think of all  of  the  good  
     times you had with them.   
      
     When the feast is prepared, set your holiday table with a special  
     place  of honor for the departed friend or family member.   
      
     Decorate  the  table and room as you would for a  holiday  dinner  
     with the family, add those special things that are important  to  
     you  and  your  family (flowers, candles,etc.)   If  you  have  a  
     picture  of the loved one, it is nice to place it at their  place  
     at the table. 
      
     Speak to that special person and invite them to join you in  this  
     celebration   and   time  of  remembrance.  It   is   completely  
     appropriate  to  say grace or offer any prayer that you  feel  is  
     fitting.  
      
     THE FOLLOWING IS DONE IN COMPLETE SILENCE: 
      
     Serve  the  meal  remembering to serve  your  honored  guest  (or  
     guests)  first. If wine or other alcoholic beverages are  served,  
     it is recommended that they be kept in moderation as you and your  
     guests need to have a clear head. 
      



                                                                             141

     Now  sit  down to the table with your loved ones and  enjoy  your  
     feast.  When  you address them in your mind, always see  them  as  
     well. (Try not to say in your mind, "if you can hear me...", etc.).  
     After  the  meal, the time of silence is over.  Do  whatever  you  
     normally do at a family holiday gathering (clear the table,  play  
     games,  sing songs, etc.).  Enjoy the companionship. 
      
     When  the evening is over, or in the morning if you wish to  make  
     it  an all night party, thank your invited guests for being  with  
     you and for making your celebration a special one. 
      
      
                                    *** 
      
      
     There are a few words of caution that we will offer. 
      
     1.    If this ritual does not feel right for you, do NOT  do  it.  
     Follow your instincts. 
      
     2.    Remember that crossing over does not necessarily  change  a  
     person, so if you could not get through a meal in peace with them  
     while they were alive, you will probably have the same problem with  
     their spirit.  
      
     3.    Do not ask your guest to grant you wishes or do you favors.   
     It  is  rude to invite a guest and then make it  obvious  that  a  
     favor  is  the reason they were asked, not because  of  love  and  
     respect.  Spirits do NOT like rudeness!  Besides,  spirits  often  
     forget  that you are limited in ways that they are not.   If  you  
     ask them for $1,000, it may come as an insurance settlement after  
     a  painful  break  in  your water pipe with  all  the  delight  in  
     cleaning up the mess from ensuing water damage. 
      



                                                                             142

               SAMHAIN NOTES ONE  FARRAR 
      
          The  High Priestess  wears her  white tabard  if she  has one  for the
     opening ritual, with the veil thrown back. 
          After the Witches' Rune, the  High Priest and High  Priestess  take up
     their athames. He stands  with his back to the altar,  she faces him across
     the  cauldron, They  then   simultaneously draw  the Invoking  Pentagram of
     Earth in the air with  their athames, towards each other, after  which they
     lay  down their athames he on the altar, she by the cauldron. 
          The High Priestess scatters  incense on the charcoal in  the cauldron.
     When she is satisfied that  it is burning, she stands still facing the High
     Priest across  the cauldron. She  then  declaims  (if needed, ask a  man to
     bring one of the altar candles and hold it for her): 
      
          "Dread Lord of Shadows, God of Life, and the Giver of Life 
          Yet is the knowledge of thee, the knowledge of Death. 
          Open wide, I pray thee, the Gates through which all must  pass. 
          Let our dear ones who have gone before 
          Return this night to make merry with us. 
          And when our time comes, as it must, 
          O thou the Comforter, the Consoler, the Giver of Peace and Rest, 
          We will enter thy realms gladly and unafraid; 
          For we know that when rested and refreshed among our dear ones 
          We will  be reborn  again by  thy grace,  and the  grace of the  Great
     Mother. 
          Let it be in the same place and the same time as our beloved ones, 
          And may we meet, and know, and remember, 
          And love them again. 
          Descend, we pray thee, in thy servant and priest." 
      
          The High Priestess then  walks around the cauldron and  gives the High
     Priest the Five Fold Kiss. 
          She returns to  her place and  pulls the veil  of her tabard over  her
     face. She  then calls on each woman,  by name to come  forward and give the
     High Priest the Five Fold Kiss. 
          When  they have  all done so,  the coven  forms up  around the circle,
     alternating male  and female with  the Maiden next  to the West  candle. As
     soon as they are in place, the High Priestess says: 
      
               "Behold, the West is Amenti, the  Land of the Dead, to which many
     of our  loved ones have gone for  rest and renewal. On  this night, we hold
     communion with them;  and as our  Maiden stands in  welcome by the  Western
     gate, I   call upon  all of you, my  brothers and sisters of  the Craft, to
     hold the  image of  these loved  ones in your  hearts and  minds, that  our
     welcome may reach  out to them.  There is mystery  within mystery; for  the
     resting   place between life and life is Caer Arianrhod, the  Castle of the
     Silver Wheel, at the hub of  the turning stars beyond the North Wind.  Here
     reigns Arianrhod, the White Lady,  whose name means Silver Wheel.  To this,
     in spirit,  we call our  loved ones. And  let the Maiden  lead them, moving
     widdershins to the center. For the spiral path    inward  to Caer  Arianhod
     leads to night, and rest, and is against the way of the Sun." 
      
          The  Maiden  should  spiral into  the  center,  taking  three or  four
     circuits to  do so.  During this time,  the coven should  maintain absolute
     silence and concentrate on welcoming their dead friends. 
          When she reaches the  center, she faces the High Priestess  across the
     cauldron. They touch palms and the High Priestess says: 



                                                                             143

      
          "Those who you bring with you are truly welcome to our Festival.   May
     they remain with us in peace. And you   Maiden, return by  the spiral  path
     to stand with our   brothers  and  sisters;  but  deosil  for  the  way  of
     rebirth,  outwards from Caer Arianrhod, is the way of the Sun." 
      
          The  women break contact  and the Maiden  returns to  the West candle.
     When she is there, the High Priestess says: 
      
          "Let all approach the walls of the Castle." 
      
          Everyone moves  in and sits in  a close ring around  the cauldron. The
     High Priestess renews  the incense. Now is the time  for communion with the
     dead. When  finished  scrying, the  cauldron  is placed  next  to the  East
     candle. 
          The  spirits  of  the dead  must  be  thanked and  released.  The High
     Priestess leads the rest of the Coven in saying: 
      
          "We thank you our  friends for visiting here this night.  We bid you a
     pleasant  repose in Caer  Arianrhod. We also  thank you, the  Dread Lord of
     Shadows for taking care of them and giving them comfort." 
      
     The next thing to do is the Great Rite in some form. 
      
     Farrar, Janet and Stewart; "Eight Sabbats For Witches"; Robert   Hale 1983 
      
     Transcribed to computer file by Seastrider 
      
      



                                                                             144

                                O.T.O. Samhain Ritual
                           Open the Temple in fire. 
      
     Banishing ritual. 
      
     Hierophant:  Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law. 
      
     Hierophant: Ve Gabolah. 
      
     Ring bell 5-5-5-5-5 
      
     Priest strikes staff  upon ground 3-3-3  5-5-5-5-5 3-3-3 
                     
                              Return bell and staff to altar. 
      
     Hierophant: Let all adore the King of Fire. 
                          
                              All do the god form of 
                              PUER, the fire of 
                              NOX, facing Altar. 
      
                                   AUM 
      
     Hierophant picks  up dagger and  points Toward  the East,  standing in  the
     West. 
                         (Fire with) 
                         TETRAGRAMMATON  TZABOATH (all repeat) 
                         ALGA (all repeat) 
      
                         BITOM (all repeat) 
      
      
     Hierophant: In the sacred names and letters: 
      
                                 OIP *  TEAA * PDOCEE * 
                        In thy name:      IHVH  TZABAVTH 
      
      
     Hierophant: I declare the sacred fire one and eternal 
                 In all worlds seen and unseen. 
      
                              (priest lights censer) 
      
     Hierophant: Glory be the light, eternal fortress 
                 On the frontiers of darkness.  Blessed Be. 
                            (all repeat) 
      
                         Priest drops more incense 
                         in censer. 
      
     Hierophant: Hail those from the caverns of the dark. (sign of              
                                                   enterer) 

                              Bell: 3-3-3 5-5-5-5-5 3-3-3 
                              (sign of silence) 
      
      
      



                                                                             145

     Hierophant: O great and dreaded Lord of Shadows 
                 He who is God of all Life & the giver 
                 of life, It is Thee we invoke. 
                              (all repeat last line) 
      
     Hierophant: Behold, the West is Ameti 
                 Land of the Dead 
                 To which many have gone for 
                 rest and renewal. 
      
     OPEN WIDE THE GATES THROUGH WHICH ALL MUST PASS 
      
     LET THE SHELLS OF KINDERED SOULS RETURN THIS NIGHT 
     GUIDED BY THE SACRED FIRE SEEN IN ALL WORLDS 
      
     DESCEND UPON US, ALL ARE TRULY WELCOME TO OUR FESTIVAL. 
     MAY YOU REMAIN AMONG US TILL THE FIRST LIGHT OF DAWN... 
     IN PEACE AND HARMONY 
      
     APPROACH THE WALLS OF OUR CASTLE  
                         (all repeat) 
      
                   3-3-3 5-5-5-5-5 3-3-3 
                            (put more incense in censer) 
      
     Hierophant: Hail those from the caverns of the dark. 
                              (all repeat) 
      
     pick up contract at sacrifice; 
      
     KINDERED SOULS HERE THIS NIGHT, TO THEE WE GIVE OUR SACRIFICE 
      
     UPON THIS PAPER WE EACH HAVE WRITTEN A CONTRACT BINDING OF SOULS TO SOULS 
      
     SO INTO THE FLAMES & LET IT BE CONSUMED 
      
     IT IS BETWEEN YOU AND I, NO ONE ELSE. 
      
                         as written, to bind the contract 
                         drink of the blood. 
      
     ....done 
      
             So mote it be (all repeat). 
      
     Others  who desire  a sacrifice  may now  do such;  come forward  one after
     another. 
      
               all participating in the sacrifice 
               drop in 'contract' repeating as before 
               with wine then saying 'so mote it be'... 
               all should repeat after each sacrifice 'so mote it be'. 
      
     After last sacrifice; all raise hands upward, vibrating  
                                        AUM 
      
     Hierophant: Our sacrificing done, I proclaim this evening rite over 
      
     LOVE IS THE LAW, LOVE UNDER WILL. 
                         (all repeat)



                                                                             146

                                T W O   W I T C H E S
                              A Modern Craft Fairy-Tale
                              =========================
                                   by Mike Nichols

          Once upon a  time, there were two  Witches.  One was  a Feminist Witch
     and the other was a Traditionalist Witch.  And, although both  of them were
     deeply religious, they had rather different ideas about what their religion
     meant.  The Feminist Witch tended to believe that Witchcraft was a religion
     especially suited to  women because the image of the Goddess was empowering
     and a strong weapon against patriarchal tyranny.  And there was distrust in
     the heart of the Feminist Witch for  the Traditionalist Witch because, from
     the Feminist perspective, the Traditionalist Witch seemed subversive and a 
     threat to "the Cause".      

          The  Traditionalist Witch  tended  to believe  that  Witchcraft was  a
     religion for  both men and women  because anything less would  be divisive.
     And although  the  Goddess was  worshipped, care  was taken  to give  equal
     stress to the God-force in nature, the  Horned One.  And there was distrust
     in  the heart of the  Traditionalist Witch for  the Feminist Witch because,
     from  the  Traditionalist  viewpoint,  the  Feminist  Witch  seemed  like a
     late-comer and a threat to "Tradition".      These two Witches lived in the
     same community  but each belonged  to a  different Coven, so  they did  not
     often run into  one another.  Strange to say, the  few times they did meet,
     they felt an odd sort of mutual attraction, at least on the physical level.
     But both recognized the folly of this attraction, for their ideologies were
     worlds apart, and nothing, it seemed, could ever bridge them.      

          Then one year the community decided to hold a Grand Coven, and all the
     Covens in the area were invited to attend.  After the rituals, the singing,
     the  magicks, the  feasting, the  poetry, and  dancing were  concluded, all
     retired to  their tents and  sleeping bags.  All  but these two.   For they
     were troubled by their differences and couldn't sleep.  They alone remained
     sitting by the  campfire while all others around them  dreamed.  And before
     long, they began to talk about their differing  views of the Goddess.  And,
     since they were both  relatively inexperienced Witches, they soon  began to
     argue about what was the "true" image of the Goddess.      

          "Describe your image of the Goddess to me,"