This file is Public Domain, July, 1988 -- Distribution unlimited.
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Revision: March, 1989 (Part 2 added)
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Revision: April, 1989 (Part 3 added)
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Revision: December, 1988 (Part 4 added)
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Revision: March, 1990 (Part 5 added)
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Revision: March, 1989 (Part 6 added)
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Revision: June, 1990 (Part 7 added)
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CONTENTS:
Part 1 - Cellular phone channel construction
Part 2 - Cellular phone frequency and cell construction
Part 3 - The Electronic Communications Privacy Act and CMT
Part 4 - The ECPA
Part 5 - A lawyer's review and perspective of the ECPA
Part 6 - Modifying two scanners for cellular reception
Part 7 - How to discover other scanner modifications
===============================================================================
Cellular phone channel construction
===============================================================================
Here is a method of determining which frequencies are used in a cellular
system, and which ones are in what cells. If the system uses OMNICELLS, as
most do, you can readily find all the channels in a cell if you know just one
of them, using tables constructed with the instructions below.
Cellular frequencies are assigned by channel number, and for all channel
numbers, in both wireline and non-wireline systems, the formula is:
Transmit Frequency = (channel number x .030 MHz) + 870 MHz
Receive Frequency = (channel number x .030 Mhz) + 825 Mhz
"Band A" (one of the two blocks) uses channels 1 - 333. To construct a
table showing frequency by cells, use channel 333 as the top left corner of a
table. The next entry to the right of channel 333 is 332, the next is 331,
etc., down to channel 313. Enter channel 312 underneath 333, 311 under 332,
etc. Each channel across the top row is the first channel in each CELL of the
system; each channel DOWN from the column from the the first channel is the
next frequency assigned to that cell. You may have noted that each channel
down is 21 channels lower in number. Usually the data channel used is the
highest numbered channel in a cell.
"Band B" uses channels from 334 to 666. Construct your table in a similar
way, with channel 334 in the upper left corner, 335 the next entry to the
right. The data channel should be the lowest numbered channel in each cell
this time.
Cellular Phone Band A (Channel 1 is Data)
Cell # 1
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (333) Tx 879.990 Rx 834.990
Channel 2 (312) Tx 879.360 Rx 834.360
Channel 3 (291) Tx 878.730 Rx 833.730
Channel 4 (270) Tx 878.100 Rx 833.100
Channel 5 (249) Tx 877.470 Rx 832.470
Channel 6 (228) Tx 876.840 Rx 831.840
Channel 7 (207) Tx 876.210 Rx 831.210
Channel 8 (186) Tx 875.580 Rx 830.580
Channel 9 (165) Tx 874.950 Rx 829.950
Channel 10 (144) Tx 874.320 Rx 829.320
Channel 11 (123) Tx 873.690 Rx 828.690
Channel 12 (102) Tx 873.060 Rx 828.060
Channel 13 (81) Tx 872.430 Rx 827.430
Channel 14 (60) Tx 871.800 Rx 826.800
Channel 15 (39) Tx 871.170 Rx 826.170
Channel 16 (18) Tx 870.540 Rx 825.540
Cell # 2
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (332) Tx 879.960 Rx 834.960
Channel 2 (311) Tx 879.330 Rx 834.330
Channel 3 (290) Tx 878.700 Rx 833.700
Channel 4 (269) Tx 878.070 Rx 833.070
Channel 5 (248) Tx 877.440 Rx 832.440
Channel 6 (227) Tx 876.810 Rx 831.810
Channel 7 (206) Tx 876.180 Rx 831.180
Channel 8 (185) Tx 875.550 Rx 830.550
Channel 9 (164) Tx 874.920 Rx 829.920
Channel 10 (143) Tx 874.290 Rx 829.290
Channel 11 (122) Tx 873.660 Rx 828.660
Channel 12 (101) Tx 873.030 Rx 828.030
Channel 13 (80) Tx 872.400 Rx 827.400
Channel 14 (59) Tx 871.770 Rx 826.770
Channel 15 (38) Tx 871.140 Rx 826.140
Channel 16 (17) Tx 870.510 Rx 825.510
Cell # 3
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (331) Tx 879.930 Rx 834.930
Channel 2 (310) Tx 879.300 Rx 834.300
Channel 3 (289) Tx 878.670 Rx 833.670
Channel 4 (268) Tx 878.040 Rx 833.040
Channel 5 (247) Tx 877.410 Rx 832.410
Channel 6 (226) Tx 876.780 Rx 831.780
Channel 7 (205) Tx 876.150 Rx 831.150
Channel 8 (184) Tx 875.520 Rx 830.520
Channel 9 (163) Tx 874.890 Rx 829.890
Channel 10 (142) Tx 874.260 Rx 829.260
Channel 11 (121) Tx 873.630 Rx 828.630
Channel 12 (100) Tx 873.000 Rx 828.000
Channel 13 (79) Tx 872.370 Rx 827.370
Channel 14 (58) Tx 871.740 Rx 826.740
Channel 15 (37) Tx 871.110 Rx 826.110
Channel 16 (16) Tx 870.480 Rx 825.480
Cell # 4
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (330) Tx 879.900 Rx 834.900
Channel 2 (309) Tx 879.270 Rx 834.270
Channel 3 (288) Tx 878.640 Rx 833.640
Channel 4 (267) Tx 878.010 Rx 833.010
Channel 5 (246) Tx 877.380 Rx 832.380
Channel 6 (225) Tx 876.750 Rx 831.750
Channel 7 (204) Tx 876.120 Rx 831.120
Channel 8 (183) Tx 875.490 Rx 830.490
Channel 9 (162) Tx 874.860 Rx 829.860
Channel 10 (141) Tx 874.230 Rx 829.230
Channel 11 (120) Tx 873.600 Rx 828.600
Channel 12 (99) Tx 872.970 Rx 827.970
Channel 13 (78) Tx 872.340 Rx 827.340
Channel 14 (57) Tx 871.710 Rx 826.710
Channel 15 (36) Tx 871.080 Rx 826.080
Channel 16 (15) Tx 870.450 Rx 825.450
Cell # 5
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (329) Tx 879.870 Rx 834.870
Channel 2 (308) Tx 879.240 Rx 834.240
Channel 3 (287) Tx 878.610 Rx 833.610
Channel 4 (266) Tx 877.980 Rx 832.980
Channel 5 (245) Tx 877.350 Rx 832.350
Channel 6 (224) Tx 876.720 Rx 831.720
Channel 7 (203) Tx 876.090 Rx 831.090
Channel 8 (182) Tx 875.460 Rx 830.460
Channel 9 (161) Tx 874.830 Rx 829.830
Channel 10 (140) Tx 874.200 Rx 829.200
Channel 11 (119) Tx 873.570 Rx 828.570
Channel 12 (98) Tx 872.940 Rx 827.940
Channel 13 (77) Tx 872.310 Rx 827.310
Channel 14 (56) Tx 871.680 Rx 826.680
Channel 15 (35) Tx 871.050 Rx 826.050
Channel 16 (14) Tx 870.420 Rx 825.420
Cell # 6
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (328) Tx 879.840 Rx 834.840
Channel 2 (307) Tx 879.210 Rx 834.210
Channel 3 (286) Tx 878.580 Rx 833.580
Channel 4 (265) Tx 877.950 Rx 832.950
Channel 5 (244) Tx 877.320 Rx 832.320
Channel 6 (223) Tx 876.690 Rx 831.690
Channel 7 (202) Tx 876.060 Rx 831.060
Channel 8 (181) Tx 875.430 Rx 830.430
Channel 9 (160) Tx 874.800 Rx 829.800
Channel 10 (139) Tx 874.170 Rx 829.170
Channel 11 (118) Tx 873.540 Rx 828.540
Channel 12 (97) Tx 872.910 Rx 827.910
Channel 13 (76) Tx 872.280 Rx 827.280
Channel 14 (55) Tx 871.650 Rx 826.650
Channel 15 (34) Tx 871.020 Rx 826.020
Channel 16 (13) Tx 870.390 Rx 825.390
Cell # 7
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (327) Tx 879.810 Rx 834.810
Channel 2 (306) Tx 879.180 Rx 834.180
Channel 3 (285) Tx 878.550 Rx 833.550
Channel 4 (264) Tx 877.920 Rx 832.920
Channel 5 (243) Tx 877.290 Rx 832.290
Channel 6 (222) Tx 876.660 Rx 831.660
Channel 7 (201) Tx 876.030 Rx 831.030
Channel 8 (180) Tx 875.400 Rx 830.400
Channel 9 (159) Tx 874.770 Rx 829.770
Channel 10 (138) Tx 874.140 Rx 829.140
Channel 11 (117) Tx 873.510 Rx 828.510
Channel 12 (96) Tx 872.880 Rx 827.880
Channel 13 (75) Tx 872.250 Rx 827.250
Channel 14 (54) Tx 871.620 Rx 826.620
Channel 15 (33) Tx 870.990 Rx 825.990
Channel 16 (12) Tx 870.360 Rx 825.360
Cell # 8
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (326) Tx 879.780 Rx 834.780
Channel 2 (305) Tx 879.150 Rx 834.150
Channel 3 (284) Tx 878.520 Rx 833.520
Channel 4 (263) Tx 877.890 Rx 832.890
Channel 5 (242) Tx 877.260 Rx 832.260
Channel 6 (221) Tx 876.630 Rx 831.630
Channel 7 (200) Tx 876.000 Rx 831.000
Channel 8 (179) Tx 875.370 Rx 830.370
Channel 9 (158) Tx 874.740 Rx 829.740
Channel 10 (137) Tx 874.110 Rx 829.110
Channel 11 (116) Tx 873.480 Rx 828.480
Channel 12 (95) Tx 872.850 Rx 827.850
Channel 13 (74) Tx 872.220 Rx 827.220
Channel 14 (53) Tx 871.590 Rx 826.590
Channel 15 (32) Tx 870.960 Rx 825.960
Channel 16 (11) Tx 870.330 Rx 825.330
Cell # 9
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (325) Tx 879.750 Rx 834.750
Channel 2 (304) Tx 879.120 Rx 834.120
Channel 3 (283) Tx 878.490 Rx 833.490
Channel 4 (262) Tx 877.860 Rx 832.860
Channel 5 (241) Tx 877.230 Rx 832.230
Channel 6 (220) Tx 876.600 Rx 831.600
Channel 7 (199) Tx 875.970 Rx 830.970
Channel 8 (178) Tx 875.340 Rx 830.340
Channel 9 (157) Tx 874.710 Rx 829.710
Channel 10 (136) Tx 874.080 Rx 829.080
Channel 11 (115) Tx 873.450 Rx 828.450
Channel 12 (94) Tx 872.820 Rx 827.820
Channel 13 (73) Tx 872.190 Rx 827.190
Channel 14 (52) Tx 871.560 Rx 826.560
Channel 15 (31) Tx 870.930 Rx 825.930
Channel 16 (10) Tx 870.300 Rx 825.300
Cell # 10
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (324) Tx 879.720 Rx 834.720
Channel 2 (303) Tx 879.090 Rx 834.090
Channel 3 (282) Tx 878.460 Rx 833.460
Channel 4 (261) Tx 877.830 Rx 832.830
Channel 5 (240) Tx 877.200 Rx 832.200
Channel 6 (219) Tx 876.570 Rx 831.570
Channel 7 (198) Tx 875.940 Rx 830.940
Channel 8 (177) Tx 875.310 Rx 830.310
Channel 9 (156) Tx 874.680 Rx 829.680
Channel 10 (135) Tx 874.050 Rx 829.050
Channel 11 (114) Tx 873.420 Rx 828.420
Channel 12 (93) Tx 872.790 Rx 827.790
Channel 13 (72) Tx 872.160 Rx 827.160
Channel 14 (51) Tx 871.530 Rx 826.530
Channel 15 (30) Tx 870.900 Rx 825.900
Channel 16 (9) Tx 870.270 Rx 825.270
Cell # 11
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (323) Tx 879.690 Rx 834.690
Channel 2 (302) Tx 879.060 Rx 834.060
Channel 3 (281) Tx 878.430 Rx 833.430
Channel 4 (260) Tx 877.800 Rx 832.800
Channel 5 (239) Tx 877.170 Rx 832.170
Channel 6 (218) Tx 876.540 Rx 831.540
Channel 7 (197) Tx 875.910 Rx 830.910
Channel 8 (176) Tx 875.280 Rx 830.280
Channel 9 (155) Tx 874.650 Rx 829.650
Channel 10 (134) Tx 874.020 Rx 829.020
Channel 11 (113) Tx 873.390 Rx 828.390
Channel 12 (92) Tx 872.760 Rx 827.760
Channel 13 (71) Tx 872.130 Rx 827.130
Channel 14 (50) Tx 871.500 Rx 826.500
Channel 15 (29) Tx 870.870 Rx 825.870
Channel 16 (8) Tx 870.240 Rx 825.240
Cell # 12
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (322) Tx 879.660 Rx 834.660
Channel 2 (301) Tx 879.030 Rx 834.030
Channel 3 (280) Tx 878.400 Rx 833.400
Channel 4 (259) Tx 877.770 Rx 832.770
Channel 5 (238) Tx 877.140 Rx 832.140
Channel 6 (217) Tx 876.510 Rx 831.510
Channel 7 (196) Tx 875.880 Rx 830.880
Channel 8 (175) Tx 875.250 Rx 830.250
Channel 9 (154) Tx 874.620 Rx 829.620
Channel 10 (133) Tx 873.990 Rx 828.990
Channel 11 (112) Tx 873.360 Rx 828.360
Channel 12 (91) Tx 872.730 Rx 827.730
Channel 13 (70) Tx 872.100 Rx 827.100
Channel 14 (49) Tx 871.470 Rx 826.470
Channel 15 (28) Tx 870.840 Rx 825.840
Channel 16 (7) Tx 870.210 Rx 825.210
Cell # 13
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (321) Tx 879.630 Rx 834.630
Channel 2 (300) Tx 879.000 Rx 834.000
Channel 3 (279) Tx 878.370 Rx 833.370
Channel 4 (258) Tx 877.740 Rx 832.740
Channel 5 (237) Tx 877.110 Rx 832.110
Channel 6 (216) Tx 876.480 Rx 831.480
Channel 7 (195) Tx 875.850 Rx 830.850
Channel 8 (174) Tx 875.220 Rx 830.220
Channel 9 (153) Tx 874.590 Rx 829.590
Channel 10 (132) Tx 873.960 Rx 828.960
Channel 11 (111) Tx 873.330 Rx 828.330
Channel 12 (90) Tx 872.700 Rx 827.700
Channel 13 (69) Tx 872.070 Rx 827.070
Channel 14 (48) Tx 871.440 Rx 826.440
Channel 15 (27) Tx 870.810 Rx 825.810
Channel 16 (6) Tx 870.180 Rx 825.180
Cell # 14
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (320) Tx 879.600 Rx 834.600
Channel 2 (299) Tx 878.970 Rx 833.970
Channel 3 (278) Tx 878.340 Rx 833.340
Channel 4 (257) Tx 877.710 Rx 832.710
Channel 5 (236) Tx 877.080 Rx 832.080
Channel 6 (215) Tx 876.450 Rx 831.450
Channel 7 (194) Tx 875.820 Rx 830.820
Channel 8 (173) Tx 875.190 Rx 830.190
Channel 9 (152) Tx 874.560 Rx 829.560
Channel 10 (131) Tx 873.930 Rx 828.930
Channel 11 (110) Tx 873.300 Rx 828.300
Channel 12 (89) Tx 872.670 Rx 827.670
Channel 13 (68) Tx 872.040 Rx 827.040
Channel 14 (47) Tx 871.410 Rx 826.410
Channel 15 (26) Tx 870.780 Rx 825.780
Channel 16 (5) Tx 870.150 Rx 825.150
Cell # 15
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (319) Tx 879.570 Rx 834.570
Channel 2 (298) Tx 878.940 Rx 833.940
Channel 3 (277) Tx 878.310 Rx 833.310
Channel 4 (256) Tx 877.680 Rx 832.680
Channel 5 (235) Tx 877.050 Rx 832.050
Channel 6 (214) Tx 876.420 Rx 831.420
Channel 7 (193) Tx 875.790 Rx 830.790
Channel 8 (172) Tx 875.160 Rx 830.160
Channel 9 (151) Tx 874.530 Rx 829.530
Channel 10 (130) Tx 873.900 Rx 828.900
Channel 11 (109) Tx 873.270 Rx 828.270
Channel 12 (88) Tx 872.640 Rx 827.640
Channel 13 (67) Tx 872.010 Rx 827.010
Channel 14 (46) Tx 871.380 Rx 826.380
Channel 15 (25) Tx 870.750 Rx 825.750
Channel 16 (4) Tx 870.120 Rx 825.120
Cell # 16
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (318) Tx 879.540 Rx 834.540
Channel 2 (297) Tx 878.910 Rx 833.910
Channel 3 (276) Tx 878.280 Rx 833.280
Channel 4 (255) Tx 877.650 Rx 832.650
Channel 5 (234) Tx 877.020 Rx 832.020
Channel 6 (213) Tx 876.390 Rx 831.390
Channel 7 (192) Tx 875.760 Rx 830.760
Channel 8 (171) Tx 875.130 Rx 830.130
Channel 9 (150) Tx 874.500 Rx 829.500
Channel 10 (129) Tx 873.870 Rx 828.870
Channel 11 (108) Tx 873.240 Rx 828.240
Channel 12 (87) Tx 872.610 Rx 827.610
Channel 13 (66) Tx 871.980 Rx 826.980
Channel 14 (45) Tx 871.350 Rx 826.350
Channel 15 (24) Tx 870.720 Rx 825.720
Channel 16 (3) Tx 870.090 Rx 825.090
Cell # 17
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (317) Tx 879.510 Rx 834.510
Channel 2 (296) Tx 878.880 Rx 833.880
Channel 3 (275) Tx 878.250 Rx 833.250
Channel 4 (254) Tx 877.620 Rx 832.620
Channel 5 (233) Tx 876.990 Rx 831.990
Channel 6 (212) Tx 876.360 Rx 831.360
Channel 7 (191) Tx 875.730 Rx 830.730
Channel 8 (170) Tx 875.100 Rx 830.100
Channel 9 (149) Tx 874.470 Rx 829.470
Channel 10 (128) Tx 873.840 Rx 828.840
Channel 11 (107) Tx 873.210 Rx 828.210
Channel 12 (86) Tx 872.580 Rx 827.580
Channel 13 (65) Tx 871.950 Rx 826.950
Channel 14 (44) Tx 871.320 Rx 826.320
Channel 15 (23) Tx 870.690 Rx 825.690
Channel 16 (2) Tx 870.060 Rx 825.060
Cell # 18
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (316) Tx 879.480 Rx 834.480
Channel 2 (295) Tx 878.850 Rx 833.850
Channel 3 (274) Tx 878.220 Rx 833.220
Channel 4 (253) Tx 877.590 Rx 832.590
Channel 5 (232) Tx 876.960 Rx 831.960
Channel 6 (211) Tx 876.330 Rx 831.330
Channel 7 (190) Tx 875.700 Rx 830.700
Channel 8 (169) Tx 875.070 Rx 830.070
Channel 9 (148) Tx 874.440 Rx 829.440
Channel 10 (127) Tx 873.810 Rx 828.810
Channel 11 (106) Tx 873.180 Rx 828.180
Channel 12 (85) Tx 872.550 Rx 827.550
Channel 13 (64) Tx 871.920 Rx 826.920
Channel 14 (43) Tx 871.290 Rx 826.290
Channel 15 (22) Tx 870.660 Rx 825.660
Channel 16 (1) Tx 870.030 Rx 825.030
Cell # 19
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (315) Tx 879.450 Rx 834.450
Channel 2 (294) Tx 878.820 Rx 833.820
Channel 3 (273) Tx 878.190 Rx 833.190
Channel 4 (252) Tx 877.560 Rx 832.560
Channel 5 (231) Tx 876.930 Rx 831.930
Channel 6 (210) Tx 876.300 Rx 831.300
Channel 7 (189) Tx 875.670 Rx 830.670
Channel 8 (168) Tx 875.040 Rx 830.040
Channel 9 (147) Tx 874.410 Rx 829.410
Channel 10 (126) Tx 873.780 Rx 828.780
Channel 11 (105) Tx 873.150 Rx 828.150
Channel 12 (84) Tx 872.520 Rx 827.520
Channel 13 (63) Tx 871.890 Rx 826.890
Channel 14 (42) Tx 871.260 Rx 826.260
Channel 15 (21) Tx 870.630 Rx 825.630
Cell # 20
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (314) Tx 879.420 Rx 834.420
Channel 2 (293) Tx 878.790 Rx 833.790
Channel 3 (272) Tx 878.160 Rx 833.160
Channel 4 (251) Tx 877.530 Rx 832.530
Channel 5 (230) Tx 876.900 Rx 831.900
Channel 6 (209) Tx 876.270 Rx 831.270
Channel 7 (188) Tx 875.640 Rx 830.640
Channel 8 (167) Tx 875.010 Rx 830.010
Channel 9 (146) Tx 874.380 Rx 829.380
Channel 10 (125) Tx 873.750 Rx 828.750
Channel 11 (104) Tx 873.120 Rx 828.120
Channel 12 (83) Tx 872.490 Rx 827.490
Channel 13 (62) Tx 871.860 Rx 826.860
Channel 14 (41) Tx 871.230 Rx 826.230
Channel 15 (20) Tx 870.600 Rx 825.600
Cell # 21
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (313) Tx 879.390 Rx 834.390
Channel 2 (292) Tx 878.760 Rx 833.760
Channel 3 (271) Tx 878.130 Rx 833.130
Channel 4 (250) Tx 877.500 Rx 832.500
Channel 5 (229) Tx 876.870 Rx 831.870
Channel 6 (208) Tx 876.240 Rx 831.240
Channel 7 (187) Tx 875.610 Rx 830.610
Channel 8 (166) Tx 874.980 Rx 829.980
Channel 9 (145) Tx 874.350 Rx 829.350
Channel 10 (124) Tx 873.720 Rx 828.720
Channel 11 (103) Tx 873.090 Rx 828.090
Channel 12 (82) Tx 872.460 Rx 827.460
Channel 13 (61) Tx 871.830 Rx 826.830
Channel 14 (40) Tx 871.200 Rx 826.200
Channel 15 (19) Tx 870.570 Rx 825.570
**************************************************
Cellular Phone Band B (Channel 1 is Data)
Cell # 1
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (334) Tx 880.020 Rx 835.020
Channel 2 (355) Tx 880.650 Rx 835.650
Channel 3 (376) Tx 881.280 Rx 836.280
Channel 4 (397) Tx 881.910 Rx 836.910
Channel 5 (418) Tx 882.540 Rx 837.540
Channel 6 (439) Tx 883.170 Rx 838.170
Channel 7 (460) Tx 883.800 Rx 838.800
Channel 8 (481) Tx 884.430 Rx 839.430
Channel 9 (502) Tx 885.060 Rx 840.060
Channel 10 (523) Tx 885.690 Rx 840.690
Channel 11 (544) Tx 886.320 Rx 841.320
Channel 12 (565) Tx 886.950 Rx 841.950
Channel 13 (586) Tx 887.580 Rx 842.580
Channel 14 (607) Tx 888.210 Rx 843.210
Channel 15 (628) Tx 888.840 Rx 843.840
Channel 16 (649) Tx 889.470 Rx 844.470
Cell # 2
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (335) Tx 880.050 Rx 835.050
Channel 2 (356) Tx 880.680 Rx 835.680
Channel 3 (377) Tx 881.310 Rx 836.310
Channel 4 (398) Tx 881.940 Rx 836.940
Channel 5 (419) Tx 882.570 Rx 837.570
Channel 6 (440) Tx 883.200 Rx 838.200
Channel 7 (461) Tx 883.830 Rx 838.830
Channel 8 (482) Tx 884.460 Rx 839.460
Channel 9 (503) Tx 885.090 Rx 840.090
Channel 10 (524) Tx 885.720 Rx 840.720
Channel 11 (545) Tx 886.350 Rx 841.350
Channel 12 (566) Tx 886.980 Rx 841.980
Channel 13 (587) Tx 887.610 Rx 842.610
Channel 14 (608) Tx 888.240 Rx 843.240
Channel 15 (629) Tx 888.870 Rx 843.870
Channel 16 (650) Tx 889.500 Rx 844.500
Cell # 3
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (336) Tx 880.080 Rx 835.080
Channel 2 (357) Tx 880.710 Rx 835.710
Channel 3 (378) Tx 881.340 Rx 836.340
Channel 4 (399) Tx 881.970 Rx 836.970
Channel 5 (420) Tx 882.600 Rx 837.600
Channel 6 (441) Tx 883.230 Rx 838.230
Channel 7 (462) Tx 883.860 Rx 838.860
Channel 8 (483) Tx 884.490 Rx 839.490
Channel 9 (504) Tx 885.120 Rx 840.120
Channel 10 (525) Tx 885.750 Rx 840.750
Channel 11 (546) Tx 886.380 Rx 841.380
Channel 12 (567) Tx 887.010 Rx 842.010
Channel 13 (588) Tx 887.640 Rx 842.640
Channel 14 (609) Tx 888.270 Rx 843.270
Channel 15 (630) Tx 888.900 Rx 843.900
Channel 16 (651) Tx 889.530 Rx 844.530
Cell # 4
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (337) Tx 880.110 Rx 835.110
Channel 2 (358) Tx 880.740 Rx 835.740
Channel 3 (379) Tx 881.370 Rx 836.370
Channel 4 (400) Tx 882.000 Rx 837.000
Channel 5 (421) Tx 882.630 Rx 837.630
Channel 6 (442) Tx 883.260 Rx 838.260
Channel 7 (463) Tx 883.890 Rx 838.890
Channel 8 (484) Tx 884.520 Rx 839.520
Channel 9 (505) Tx 885.150 Rx 840.150
Channel 10 (526) Tx 885.780 Rx 840.780
Channel 11 (547) Tx 886.410 Rx 841.410
Channel 12 (568) Tx 887.040 Rx 842.040
Channel 13 (589) Tx 887.670 Rx 842.670
Channel 14 (610) Tx 888.300 Rx 843.300
Channel 15 (631) Tx 888.930 Rx 843.930
Channel 16 (652) Tx 889.560 Rx 844.560
Cell # 5
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (338) Tx 880.140 Rx 835.140
Channel 2 (359) Tx 880.770 Rx 835.770
Channel 3 (380) Tx 881.400 Rx 836.400
Channel 4 (401) Tx 882.030 Rx 837.030
Channel 5 (422) Tx 882.660 Rx 837.660
Channel 6 (443) Tx 883.290 Rx 838.290
Channel 7 (464) Tx 883.920 Rx 838.920
Channel 8 (485) Tx 884.550 Rx 839.550
Channel 9 (506) Tx 885.180 Rx 840.180
Channel 10 (527) Tx 885.810 Rx 840.810
Channel 11 (548) Tx 886.440 Rx 841.440
Channel 12 (569) Tx 887.070 Rx 842.070
Channel 13 (590) Tx 887.700 Rx 842.700
Channel 14 (611) Tx 888.330 Rx 843.330
Channel 15 (632) Tx 888.960 Rx 843.960
Channel 16 (653) Tx 889.590 Rx 844.590
Cell # 6
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (339) Tx 880.170 Rx 835.170
Channel 2 (360) Tx 880.800 Rx 835.800
Channel 3 (381) Tx 881.430 Rx 836.430
Channel 4 (402) Tx 882.060 Rx 837.060
Channel 5 (423) Tx 882.690 Rx 837.690
Channel 6 (444) Tx 883.320 Rx 838.320
Channel 7 (465) Tx 883.950 Rx 838.950
Channel 8 (486) Tx 884.580 Rx 839.580
Channel 9 (507) Tx 885.210 Rx 840.210
Channel 10 (528) Tx 885.840 Rx 840.840
Channel 11 (549) Tx 886.470 Rx 841.470
Channel 12 (570) Tx 887.100 Rx 842.100
Channel 13 (591) Tx 887.730 Rx 842.730
Channel 14 (612) Tx 888.360 Rx 843.360
Channel 15 (633) Tx 888.990 Rx 843.990
Channel 16 (654) Tx 889.620 Rx 844.620
Cell # 7
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (340) Tx 880.200 Rx 835.200
Channel 2 (361) Tx 880.830 Rx 835.830
Channel 3 (382) Tx 881.460 Rx 836.460
Channel 4 (403) Tx 882.090 Rx 837.090
Channel 5 (424) Tx 882.720 Rx 837.720
Channel 6 (445) Tx 883.350 Rx 838.350
Channel 7 (466) Tx 883.980 Rx 838.980
Channel 8 (487) Tx 884.610 Rx 839.610
Channel 9 (508) Tx 885.240 Rx 840.240
Channel 10 (529) Tx 885.870 Rx 840.870
Channel 11 (550) Tx 886.500 Rx 841.500
Channel 12 (571) Tx 887.130 Rx 842.130
Channel 13 (592) Tx 887.760 Rx 842.760
Channel 14 (613) Tx 888.390 Rx 843.390
Channel 15 (634) Tx 889.020 Rx 844.020
Channel 16 (655) Tx 889.650 Rx 844.650
Cell # 8
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (341) Tx 880.230 Rx 835.230
Channel 2 (362) Tx 880.860 Rx 835.860
Channel 3 (383) Tx 881.490 Rx 836.490
Channel 4 (404) Tx 882.120 Rx 837.120
Channel 5 (425) Tx 882.750 Rx 837.750
Channel 6 (446) Tx 883.380 Rx 838.380
Channel 7 (467) Tx 884.010 Rx 839.010
Channel 8 (488) Tx 884.640 Rx 839.640
Channel 9 (509) Tx 885.270 Rx 840.270
Channel 10 (530) Tx 885.900 Rx 840.900
Channel 11 (551) Tx 886.530 Rx 841.530
Channel 12 (572) Tx 887.160 Rx 842.160
Channel 13 (593) Tx 887.790 Rx 842.790
Channel 14 (614) Tx 888.420 Rx 843.420
Channel 15 (635) Tx 889.050 Rx 844.050
Channel 16 (656) Tx 889.680 Rx 844.680
Cell # 9
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (342) Tx 880.260 Rx 835.260
Channel 2 (363) Tx 880.890 Rx 835.890
Channel 3 (384) Tx 881.520 Rx 836.520
Channel 4 (405) Tx 882.150 Rx 837.150
Channel 5 (426) Tx 882.780 Rx 837.780
Channel 6 (447) Tx 883.410 Rx 838.410
Channel 7 (468) Tx 884.040 Rx 839.040
Channel 8 (489) Tx 884.670 Rx 839.670
Channel 9 (510) Tx 885.300 Rx 840.300
Channel 10 (531) Tx 885.930 Rx 840.930
Channel 11 (552) Tx 886.560 Rx 841.560
Channel 12 (573) Tx 887.190 Rx 842.190
Channel 13 (594) Tx 887.820 Rx 842.820
Channel 14 (615) Tx 888.450 Rx 843.450
Channel 15 (636) Tx 889.080 Rx 844.080
Channel 16 (657) Tx 889.710 Rx 844.710
Cell # 10
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (343) Tx 880.290 Rx 835.290
Channel 2 (364) Tx 880.920 Rx 835.920
Channel 3 (385) Tx 881.550 Rx 836.550
Channel 4 (406) Tx 882.180 Rx 837.180
Channel 5 (427) Tx 882.810 Rx 837.810
Channel 6 (448) Tx 883.440 Rx 838.440
Channel 7 (469) Tx 884.070 Rx 839.070
Channel 8 (490) Tx 884.700 Rx 839.700
Channel 9 (511) Tx 885.330 Rx 840.330
Channel 10 (532) Tx 885.960 Rx 840.960
Channel 11 (553) Tx 886.590 Rx 841.590
Channel 12 (574) Tx 887.220 Rx 842.220
Channel 13 (595) Tx 887.850 Rx 842.850
Channel 14 (616) Tx 888.480 Rx 843.480
Channel 15 (637) Tx 889.110 Rx 844.110
Channel 16 (658) Tx 889.740 Rx 844.740
Cell # 11
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (344) Tx 880.320 Rx 835.320
Channel 2 (365) Tx 880.950 Rx 835.950
Channel 3 (386) Tx 881.580 Rx 836.580
Channel 4 (407) Tx 882.210 Rx 837.210
Channel 5 (428) Tx 882.840 Rx 837.840
Channel 6 (449) Tx 883.470 Rx 838.470
Channel 7 (470) Tx 884.100 Rx 839.100
Channel 8 (491) Tx 884.730 Rx 839.730
Channel 9 (512) Tx 885.360 Rx 840.360
Channel 10 (533) Tx 885.990 Rx 840.990
Channel 11 (554) Tx 886.620 Rx 841.620
Channel 12 (575) Tx 887.250 Rx 842.250
Channel 13 (596) Tx 887.880 Rx 842.880
Channel 14 (617) Tx 888.510 Rx 843.510
Channel 15 (638) Tx 889.140 Rx 844.140
Channel 16 (659) Tx 889.770 Rx 844.770
Cell # 12
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (345) Tx 880.350 Rx 835.350
Channel 2 (366) Tx 880.980 Rx 835.980
Channel 3 (387) Tx 881.610 Rx 836.610
Channel 4 (408) Tx 882.240 Rx 837.240
Channel 5 (429) Tx 882.870 Rx 837.870
Channel 6 (450) Tx 883.500 Rx 838.500
Channel 7 (471) Tx 884.130 Rx 839.130
Channel 8 (492) Tx 884.760 Rx 839.760
Channel 9 (513) Tx 885.390 Rx 840.390
Channel 10 (534) Tx 886.020 Rx 841.020
Channel 11 (555) Tx 886.650 Rx 841.650
Channel 12 (576) Tx 887.280 Rx 842.280
Channel 13 (597) Tx 887.910 Rx 842.910
Channel 14 (618) Tx 888.540 Rx 843.540
Channel 15 (639) Tx 889.170 Rx 844.170
Channel 16 (660) Tx 889.800 Rx 844.800
Cell # 13
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (346) Tx 880.380 Rx 835.380
Channel 2 (367) Tx 881.010 Rx 836.010
Channel 3 (388) Tx 881.640 Rx 836.640
Channel 4 (409) Tx 882.270 Rx 837.270
Channel 5 (430) Tx 882.900 Rx 837.900
Channel 6 (451) Tx 883.530 Rx 838.530
Channel 7 (472) Tx 884.160 Rx 839.160
Channel 8 (493) Tx 884.790 Rx 839.790
Channel 9 (514) Tx 885.420 Rx 840.420
Channel 10 (535) Tx 886.050 Rx 841.050
Channel 11 (556) Tx 886.680 Rx 841.680
Channel 12 (577) Tx 887.310 Rx 842.310
Channel 13 (598) Tx 887.940 Rx 842.940
Channel 14 (619) Tx 888.570 Rx 843.570
Channel 15 (640) Tx 889.200 Rx 844.200
Channel 16 (661) Tx 889.830 Rx 844.830
Cell # 14
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (347) Tx 880.410 Rx 835.410
Channel 2 (368) Tx 881.040 Rx 836.040
Channel 3 (389) Tx 881.670 Rx 836.670
Channel 4 (410) Tx 882.300 Rx 837.300
Channel 5 (431) Tx 882.930 Rx 837.930
Channel 6 (452) Tx 883.560 Rx 838.560
Channel 7 (473) Tx 884.190 Rx 839.190
Channel 8 (494) Tx 884.820 Rx 839.820
Channel 9 (515) Tx 885.450 Rx 840.450
Channel 10 (536) Tx 886.080 Rx 841.080
Channel 11 (557) Tx 886.710 Rx 841.710
Channel 12 (578) Tx 887.340 Rx 842.340
Channel 13 (599) Tx 887.970 Rx 842.970
Channel 14 (620) Tx 888.600 Rx 843.600
Channel 15 (641) Tx 889.230 Rx 844.230
Channel 16 (662) Tx 889.860 Rx 844.860
Cell # 15
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (348) Tx 880.440 Rx 835.440
Channel 2 (369) Tx 881.070 Rx 836.070
Channel 3 (390) Tx 881.700 Rx 836.700
Channel 4 (411) Tx 882.330 Rx 837.330
Channel 5 (432) Tx 882.960 Rx 837.960
Channel 6 (453) Tx 883.590 Rx 838.590
Channel 7 (474) Tx 884.220 Rx 839.220
Channel 8 (495) Tx 884.850 Rx 839.850
Channel 9 (516) Tx 885.480 Rx 840.480
Channel 10 (537) Tx 886.110 Rx 841.110
Channel 11 (558) Tx 886.740 Rx 841.740
Channel 12 (579) Tx 887.370 Rx 842.370
Channel 13 (600) Tx 888.000 Rx 843.000
Channel 14 (621) Tx 888.630 Rx 843.630
Channel 15 (642) Tx 889.260 Rx 844.260
Channel 16 (663) Tx 889.890 Rx 844.890
Cell # 16
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (349) Tx 880.470 Rx 835.470
Channel 2 (370) Tx 881.100 Rx 836.100
Channel 3 (391) Tx 881.730 Rx 836.730
Channel 4 (412) Tx 882.360 Rx 837.360
Channel 5 (433) Tx 882.990 Rx 837.990
Channel 6 (454) Tx 883.620 Rx 838.620
Channel 7 (475) Tx 884.250 Rx 839.250
Channel 8 (496) Tx 884.880 Rx 839.880
Channel 9 (517) Tx 885.510 Rx 840.510
Channel 10 (538) Tx 886.140 Rx 841.140
Channel 11 (559) Tx 886.770 Rx 841.770
Channel 12 (580) Tx 887.400 Rx 842.400
Channel 13 (601) Tx 888.030 Rx 843.030
Channel 14 (622) Tx 888.660 Rx 843.660
Channel 15 (643) Tx 889.290 Rx 844.290
Channel 16 (664) Tx 889.920 Rx 844.920
Cell # 17
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (350) Tx 880.500 Rx 835.500
Channel 2 (371) Tx 881.130 Rx 836.130
Channel 3 (392) Tx 881.760 Rx 836.760
Channel 4 (413) Tx 882.390 Rx 837.390
Channel 5 (434) Tx 883.020 Rx 838.020
Channel 6 (455) Tx 883.650 Rx 838.650
Channel 7 (476) Tx 884.280 Rx 839.280
Channel 8 (497) Tx 884.910 Rx 839.910
Channel 9 (518) Tx 885.540 Rx 840.540
Channel 10 (539) Tx 886.170 Rx 841.170
Channel 11 (560) Tx 886.800 Rx 841.800
Channel 12 (581) Tx 887.430 Rx 842.430
Channel 13 (602) Tx 888.060 Rx 843.060
Channel 14 (623) Tx 888.690 Rx 843.690
Channel 15 (644) Tx 889.320 Rx 844.320
Channel 16 (665) Tx 889.950 Rx 844.950
Cell # 18
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (351) Tx 880.530 Rx 835.530
Channel 2 (372) Tx 881.160 Rx 836.160
Channel 3 (393) Tx 881.790 Rx 836.790
Channel 4 (414) Tx 882.420 Rx 837.420
Channel 5 (435) Tx 883.050 Rx 838.050
Channel 6 (456) Tx 883.680 Rx 838.680
Channel 7 (477) Tx 884.310 Rx 839.310
Channel 8 (498) Tx 884.940 Rx 839.940
Channel 9 (519) Tx 885.570 Rx 840.570
Channel 10 (540) Tx 886.200 Rx 841.200
Channel 11 (561) Tx 886.830 Rx 841.830
Channel 12 (582) Tx 887.460 Rx 842.460
Channel 13 (603) Tx 888.090 Rx 843.090
Channel 14 (624) Tx 888.720 Rx 843.720
Channel 15 (645) Tx 889.350 Rx 844.350
Channel 16 (666) Tx 889.980 Rx 844.980
Cell # 19
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (352) Tx 880.560 Rx 835.560
Channel 2 (373) Tx 881.190 Rx 836.190
Channel 3 (394) Tx 881.820 Rx 836.820
Channel 4 (415) Tx 882.450 Rx 837.450
Channel 5 (436) Tx 883.080 Rx 838.080
Channel 6 (457) Tx 883.710 Rx 838.710
Channel 7 (478) Tx 884.340 Rx 839.340
Channel 8 (499) Tx 884.970 Rx 839.970
Channel 9 (520) Tx 885.600 Rx 840.600
Channel 10 (541) Tx 886.230 Rx 841.230
Channel 11 (562) Tx 886.860 Rx 841.860
Channel 12 (583) Tx 887.490 Rx 842.490
Channel 13 (604) Tx 888.120 Rx 843.120
Channel 14 (625) Tx 888.750 Rx 843.750
Channel 15 (646) Tx 889.380 Rx 844.380
Cell # 20
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (353) Tx 880.590 Rx 835.590
Channel 2 (374) Tx 881.220 Rx 836.220
Channel 3 (395) Tx 881.850 Rx 836.850
Channel 4 (416) Tx 882.480 Rx 837.480
Channel 5 (437) Tx 883.110 Rx 838.110
Channel 6 (458) Tx 883.740 Rx 838.740
Channel 7 (479) Tx 884.370 Rx 839.370
Channel 8 (500) Tx 885.000 Rx 840.000
Channel 9 (521) Tx 885.630 Rx 840.630
Channel 10 (542) Tx 886.260 Rx 841.260
Channel 11 (563) Tx 886.890 Rx 841.890
Channel 12 (584) Tx 887.520 Rx 842.520
Channel 13 (605) Tx 888.150 Rx 843.150
Channel 14 (626) Tx 888.780 Rx 843.780
Channel 15 (647) Tx 889.410 Rx 844.410
Cell # 21
--------------------------------------------------
Channel 1 (354) Tx 880.620 Rx 835.620
Channel 2 (375) Tx 881.250 Rx 836.250
Channel 3 (396) Tx 881.880 Rx 836.880
Channel 4 (417) Tx 882.510 Rx 837.510
Channel 5 (438) Tx 883.140 Rx 838.140
Channel 6 (459) Tx 883.770 Rx 838.770
Channel 7 (480) Tx 884.400 Rx 839.400
Channel 8 (501) Tx 885.030 Rx 840.030
Channel 9 (522) Tx 885.660 Rx 840.660
Channel 10 (543) Tx 886.290 Rx 841.290
Channel 11 (564) Tx 886.920 Rx 841.920
Channel 12 (585) Tx 887.550 Rx 842.550
Channel 13 (606) Tx 888.180 Rx 843.180
Channel 14 (627) Tx 888.810 Rx 843.810
Channel 15 (648) Tx 889.440 Rx 844.440
===============================================================================
Cellular phone frequency and cell construction
===============================================================================
__ __
\__/C \__/D \__
\__/G \__/A \__/
_/D \__/E \__/F \__
\__/B \__/C \__/
_/F \__/G \__/A \__
\__/D \__/E \__/
_/A \__/B \__/C \__
\__/ \__/ \__/
This represents how a cellular system might be laid out. Cells A and B
never share a common border. Neither do B and C, A and G, etc. Cells that
are next to each other are never assigned adjacent frequencies. They always
differ by at least 60 kiloHertz. To track a mobile phone as it changes cells,
let's put the mobile in a B cell. When the mobile switches frequencies, you
know that he could only go to an D, E, F or G cell because A and C have
adjacent frequencies. The two tables below will help you determine which
channel cells can go next to each other. You can contact your local cellular
phone company and see if they have any maps of the cells available. This is
not a sure thing, but it couldn't hurt to try.
Cells that can go next to each other:
Cell Compatible cells
A C, D, E, F
B D, E, F, G
C E, F, G, A
D F, G, A, B
E G, A, B, C
F A, B, C, D
G B, C, D, E
Here is a frequency/cell layout chart. The cell frequencies are used by
the cell site towers, and the mobile frequencies are the input frequencies
used by the cars.
Wireline company cell frequencies (BAND B)
CELL A CELL B CELL C CELL D CELL E CELL F CELL G
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
889.890 889.920 889.950 889.980
889.680 889.710 889.740 889.770 889.800 889.830 889.860
889.470 889.500 889.530 889.560 889.590 889.620 889.650
889.260 889.290 889.320 889.350 889.380 889.410 889.440
889.050 889.080 889.110 889.140 889.170 889.200 889.230
888.840 888.870 888.900 888.930 888.960 888.990 889.020
888.630 888.660 888.690 888.720 888.750 888.780 888.810
888.420 888.450 888.480 888.510 888.540 888.570 888.600
888.210 888.240 888.270 888.300 888.330 888.360 888.390
888.000 888.030 888.060 888.090 888.120 888.150 888.180
887.790 887.820 887.850 887.880 887.910 887.940 887.970
887.580 887.610 887.640 887.670 887.700 887.730 887.760
887.370 887.400 887.430 887.460 887.490 887.520 887.550
887.160 887.190 887.220 887.250 887.280 887.310 887.340
886.950 886.980 887.010 887.040 887.070 887.100 887.130
886.740 886.770 886.800 886.830 886.860 886.890 886.920
886.530 886.560 886.590 886.620 886.650 886.680 886.710
886.320 886.350 886.380 886.410 886.440 886.470 886.500 Voice
886.110 886.140 886.170 886.200 886.230 886.260 886.290
885.900 885.930 885.960 885.990 886.020 886.050 886.080
885.690 885.720 885.750 885.780 885.810 885.840 885.870
885.480 885.510 885.540 885.570 885.600 885.630 885.660
885.270 885.300 885.330 885.360 885.390 885.420 885.450
885.060 885.090 885.120 885.150 885.180 885.210 885.240
884.850 884.880 884.910 884.940 884.970 885.000 885.030
884.640 884.670 884.700 884.730 884.760 884.790 884.820
884.430 884.460 884.490 884.520 884.550 884.580 884.610
884.220 884.250 884.280 884.310 884.340 884.370 884.400
884.010 884.040 884.070 884.100 884.130 884.160 884.190 Channels
883.800 883.830 883.860 883.890 883.920 883.950 883.980
883.590 883.620 883.650 883.680 883.710 883.740 883.770
883.380 883.410 883.440 883.470 883.500 883.530 883.560
883.170 883.200 883.230 883.260 883.290 883.320 883.350
882.960 882.990 883.020 883.050 883.080 883.110 883.140
882.750 882.780 882.810 882.840 882.870 882.900 882.930
882.540 882.570 882.600 882.630 882.660 882.690 882.720
882.330 882.360 882.390 882.420 882.450 882.480 882.510
882.120 882.150 882.180 882.210 882.240 882.270 882.300
881.910 881.940 881.970 882.000 882.030 882.060 882.090
881.700 881.730 881.760 881.790 881.820 881.850 881.880
881.490 881.520 881.550 881.580 881.610 881.640 881.670
881.280 881.310 881.340 881.370 881.400 881.430 881.460
881.070 881.100 881.130 881.160 881.190 881.220 881.250
880.860 880.890 880.920 880.950 880.980 881.010 881.040
880.650 880.680 880.710 880.740 880.770 880.800 880.830
-------------------------------------------------------------------
880.440 880.470 880.500 880.530 880.560 880.590 880.620 Digital
880.230 880.260 880.290 880.320 880.350 880.380 880.410 Control
880.020 880.050 880.080 880.110 880.140 880.170 880.200 Channels
Wireline company mobile frequencies (BAND B)
CELL A CELL B CELL C CELL D CELL E CELL F CELL G
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
844.890 844.920 844.950 844.980
844.680 844.710 844.740 844.770 844.800 844.830 844.860
844.470 844.500 844.530 844.560 844.590 844.620 844.650
844.260 844.290 844.320 844.350 844.380 844.410 844.440
844.050 844.080 844.110 844.140 844.170 844.200 844.230
843.840 843.870 843.900 843.930 843.960 843.990 844.020
843.630 843.660 843.690 843.720 843.750 843.780 843.810
843.420 843.450 843.480 843.510 843.540 843.570 843.600
843.210 843.240 843.270 843.300 843.330 843.360 843.390
843.000 843.030 843.060 843.090 843.120 843.150 843.180
842.790 842.820 842.850 842.880 842.910 842.940 842.970
842.580 842.610 842.640 842.670 842.700 842.730 842.760
842.370 842.400 842.430 842.460 842.490 842.520 842.550
842.160 842.190 842.220 842.250 842.280 842.310 842.340
841.950 841.980 842.010 842.040 842.070 842.100 842.130
841.740 841.770 841.800 841.830 841.860 841.890 841.920
841.530 841.560 841.590 841.620 841.650 841.680 841.710
841.320 841.350 841.380 841.410 841.440 841.470 841.500 Voice
841.110 841.140 841.170 841.200 841.230 841.260 841.290
840.900 840.930 840.960 840.990 841.020 841.050 841.080
840.690 840.720 840.750 840.780 840.810 840.840 840.870
840.480 840.510 840.540 840.570 840.600 840.630 840.660
840.270 840.300 840.330 840.360 840.390 840.420 840.450
840.060 840.090 840.120 840.150 840.180 840.210 840.240
839.850 839.880 839.910 839.940 839.970 840.000 840.030
839.640 839.670 839.700 839.730 839.760 839.790 839.820
839.430 839.460 839.490 839.520 839.550 839.580 839.610
839.220 839.250 839.280 839.310 839.340 839.370 839.400
839.010 839.040 839.070 839.100 839.130 839.160 839.190 Channels
838.800 838.830 838.860 838.890 838.920 838.950 838.980
838.590 838.620 838.650 838.680 838.710 838.740 838.770
838.380 838.410 838.440 838.470 838.500 838.530 838.560
838.170 838.200 838.230 838.260 838.290 838.320 838.350
837.960 837.990 838.020 838.050 838.080 838.110 838.140
837.750 837.780 837.810 837.840 837.870 837.900 837.930
837.540 837.570 837.600 837.630 837.660 837.690 837.720
837.330 837.360 837.390 837.420 837.450 837.480 837.510
837.120 837.150 837.180 837.210 837.240 837.270 837.300
836.910 836.940 836.970 837.000 837.030 837.060 837.090
836.700 836.730 836.760 836.790 836.820 836.850 836.880
836.490 836.520 836.550 836.580 836.610 836.640 836.670
836.280 836.310 836.340 836.370 836.400 836.430 836.460
836.070 836.100 836.130 836.160 836.190 836.220 836.250
835.860 835.890 835.920 835.950 835.980 836.010 836.040
835.650 835.680 835.710 835.740 835.770 835.800 835.830
-------------------------------------------------------------------
835.440 835.470 835.500 835.530 835.560 835.590 835.620 Digital
835.230 835.260 835.290 835.320 835.350 835.380 835.410 Control
835.020 835.050 835.080 835.110 835.140 835.170 835.200 Channels
===============================================================================
Non-wireline company cell frequencies (BAND A)
CELL A CELL B CELL C CELL D CELL E CELL F CELL G
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
879.900 879.930 879.960 879.990 Digital
879.690 879.720 879.750 879.780 879.810 879.840 879.870 Control
879.480 879.510 879.540 879.570 879.600 879.630 879.660 Channels
------------------------------------- 879.390 879.420 879.450
879.270 879.300 879.330 879.360 ---------------------------
879.060 879.090 879.120 879.150 879.180 879.210 879.240
878.850 878.880 878.910 878.940 878.970 879.000 879.030
878.640 878.670 878.700 878.730 878.760 878.790 878.820
878.430 878.460 878.490 878.520 878.550 878.580 878.610
878.220 878.250 878.280 878.310 878.340 878.370 878.400
878.010 878.040 878.070 878.100 878.130 878.160 878.190
877.800 877.830 877.860 877.890 877.920 877.950 877.980
877.590 877.620 877.650 877.680 877.710 877.740 877.770
877.380 877.410 877.440 877.470 877.500 877.530 877.560
877.170 877.200 877.230 877.260 877.290 877.320 877.350
876.960 876.990 877.020 877.050 877.080 877.110 877.140
876.750 876.780 876.810 876.840 876.870 876.900 876.930
876.540 876.570 876.600 876.630 876.660 876.690 876.720
876.330 876.360 876.390 876.420 876.450 876.480 876.510
876.120 876.150 876.180 876.210 876.240 876.270 876.300
875.910 875.940 875.970 876.000 876.030 876.060 876.090
875.700 875.730 875.760 875.790 875.820 875.850 875.880 Voice
875.490 875.520 875.550 875.580 875.610 875.640 875.670
875.280 875.310 875.340 875.370 875.400 875.430 875.460
875.070 875.100 875.130 875.160 875.190 875.220 875.250
874.860 874.890 874.920 874.950 874.980 875.010 875.040
874.650 874.680 874.710 874.740 874.770 874.800 874.830
874.440 874.470 874.500 874.530 874.560 874.590 874.620
874.230 874.260 874.290 874.320 874.350 874.380 874.410
874.020 874.050 874.080 874.110 874.140 874.170 874.200
873.810 873.840 873.870 873.900 873.930 873.960 873.990
873.600 873.630 873.660 873.690 873.720 873.750 873.780
873.390 873.420 873.450 873.480 873.510 873.540 873.570 Channels
873.180 873.210 873.240 873.270 873.300 873.330 873.360
872.970 873.000 873.030 873.060 873.090 873.120 873.150
872.760 872.790 872.820 872.850 872.880 872.910 872.940
872.550 872.580 872.610 872.640 872.670 872.700 872.730
872.340 872.370 872.400 872.430 872.460 872.490 872.520
872.130 872.160 872.190 872.220 872.250 872.280 872.310
871.920 871.950 871.980 872.010 872.040 872.070 872.100
871.710 871.740 871.770 871.800 871.830 871.860 871.890
871.500 871.530 871.560 871.590 871.620 871.650 871.680
871.290 871.320 871.350 871.380 871.410 871.440 871.470
871.080 871.110 871.140 871.170 871.200 871.230 871.260
870.870 870.900 870.930 870.960 870.990 871.020 871.050
870.660 870.690 870.720 870.750 870.780 870.810 870.840
870.450 870.480 870.510 870.540 870.570 870.600 870.630
870.240 870.270 870.300 870.330 870.360 870.390 870.420
870.030 870.060 870.090 870.120 870.150 870.180 870.210
Non-wireline company mobile frequencies (BAND A)
CELL A CELL B CELL C CELL D CELL E CELL F CELL G
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
834.900 834.930 834.960 834.990 Digital
834.690 834.720 834.750 834.780 834.810 834.840 834.870 Control
834.480 834.510 834.540 834.570 834.600 834.630 834.660 Channels
------------------------------------- 834.390 834.420 834.450
834.270 834.300 834.330 834.360 ---------------------------
834.060 834.090 834.120 834.150 834.180 834.210 834.240
833.850 833.880 833.910 833.940 833.970 834.000 834.030
833.640 833.670 833.700 833.730 833.760 833.790 833.820
833.430 833.460 833.490 833.520 833.550 833.580 833.610
833.220 833.250 833.280 833.310 833.340 833.370 833.400
833.010 833.040 833.070 833.100 833.130 833.160 833.190
832.800 832.830 832.860 832.890 832.920 832.950 832.980
832.590 832.620 832.650 832.680 832.710 832.740 832.770
832.380 832.410 832.440 832.470 832.500 832.530 832.560
832.170 832.200 832.230 832.260 832.290 832.320 832.350
831.960 831.990 832.020 832.050 832.080 832.110 832.140
831.750 831.780 831.810 831.840 831.870 831.900 831.930
831.540 831.570 831.600 831.630 831.660 831.690 831.720
831.330 831.360 831.390 831.420 831.450 831.480 831.510
831.120 831.150 831.180 831.210 831.240 831.270 831.300
830.910 830.940 830.970 831.000 831.030 831.060 831.090
830.700 830.730 830.760 830.790 830.820 830.850 830.880 Voice
830.490 830.520 830.550 830.580 830.610 830.640 830.670
830.280 830.310 830.340 830.370 830.400 830.430 830.460
830.070 830.100 830.130 830.160 830.190 830.220 830.250
829.860 829.890 829.920 829.950 829.980 830.010 830.040
829.650 829.680 829.710 829.740 829.770 829.800 829.830
829.440 829.470 829.500 829.530 829.560 829.590 829.620
829.230 829.260 829.290 829.320 829.350 829.380 829.410
829.020 829.050 829.080 829.110 829.140 829.170 829.200
828.810 828.840 828.870 828.900 828.930 828.960 828.990
828.600 828.630 828.660 828.690 828.720 828.750 828.780
828.390 828.420 828.450 828.480 828.510 828.540 828.570 Channels
828.180 828.210 828.240 828.270 828.300 828.330 828.360
827.970 828.000 828.030 828.060 828.090 828.120 828.150
827.760 827.790 827.820 827.850 827.880 827.910 827.940
827.550 827.580 827.610 827.640 827.670 827.700 827.730
827.340 827.370 827.400 827.430 827.460 827.490 827.520
827.130 827.160 827.190 827.220 827.250 827.280 827.310
826.920 826.950 826.980 827.010 827.040 827.070 827.100
826.710 826.740 826.770 826.800 826.830 826.860 826.890
826.500 826.530 826.560 826.590 826.620 826.650 826.680
826.290 826.320 826.350 826.380 826.410 826.440 826.470
826.080 826.110 826.140 826.170 826.200 826.230 826.260
825.870 825.900 825.930 825.960 825.990 826.020 826.050
825.660 825.690 825.720 825.750 825.780 825.810 825.840
825.450 825.480 825.510 825.540 825.570 825.600 825.630
825.240 825.270 825.300 825.330 825.360 825.390 825.420
825.030 825.060 825.090 825.120 825.150 825.180 825.210
Monitoring of the base sites is obviously going to be easier than
monitoring the mobiles. The cell base sites are towers (usually blue) with a
triangle shaped "head" on top, and sporting a couple of what appear to be
vertical antennas. These base sites have a range of 3-5 miles. If you take a
look at the honeycomb diagram, you can see how they are laid out. The cell
transmitter is in the middle of the cell. It is possible to hear many, most,
or all of the cells in your city, depending on your location. The closer you
live to a boundary, the greater the chances of your being able to receive more
cells. Due to the nature of radio signals, the actual cell shape is more or
less round. However, the hexagon shape lends itself better to show how the
system is laid out. With a circular coverage area, there will be some
overlapping between adjacent cells.
__ __
\__/C \__/D \__
\__/G \__/A \__/
_/D \__/E \__/F \__
\__/B \__*C \__/
_/F \__/G \__/A \__
\__/D \__/E \__/
_/A \__/B \__/C \__
\__/ \__/ \__/
If, for example, you live near the asterisk (*) in the above diagram, you
will be able go easily hear the G, C, E, and A cells you're near. Since the
maximum _practical_ range of a cell is 3-5 miles, you'll be able to hear them
a bit farther away. However, due to the nature of the FM transceivers at the
cell sites (they capture only the _strongest_ signal), you should be able to
hear all seven cells. Which _one_ of each cell you hear will depend on your
location and the strength of the received signal. In the above diagram,
you'll most likely hear the F cell in the upper right, rather than the one on
the left.
Mobile reception is almost a waste of time unless you have an outdoor
antenna. And, since the mobile will be repeated on the cell site, it's better
to listen to the cell frequencies. You may not be able to hear both sides of
the conversation if you listen only to the mobile frequencies!!! It is useful,
however, for determining which channel cell you're in. If you use the antenna
that came with the scanner, mobile range will be decreased down to 1 or 2
miles. By checking the scanner readout against the cell list above
(825.030-844.980 MHz), you can tell what cell the mobile is in. This is also
useful on the cell site frequencies. If you hear someone say, "I'm at the
corner of highway FF and 37," and you know where the cell site antenna is in
that area, you can check the frequency listing above and determine what cell
that antenna belongs to.
===============================================================================
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 and CMT
===============================================================================
The ECPA, passed in 1986, is partly responsible for the extreme interest
in CMT monitoring. After all, if you tell someone they can't listen to these
phone calls, they'll immediately want to do so. "There must be _something_
going on there that's either interesting or important. Why else would they
want to keep us from listening?" seems to be the predominant reaction.
Be assured that it is illegal under the ECPA to listen to cellular phone
calls. This law was passed mainly to satisfy the CMT manufacturers. They can
now tell their customers that their conversations are 'protected by federal
law.' However, when this law was drawn up, it was obviously felt to be too
narrow in its views, since it protected only one service. So it was amended
to include various services, such as microwaves, some satellites, broadcast
STL links (studio-transmitter links), and the descrambling of scrambled
signals.
However, from the very beginning, the government has shown an extremely
bored attitude when it comes to the ECPA. There is virtually no attempt at
enforcement, unless it's a case involving blackmail, or an overt attempt is
being made to provide radios with CMT-specific frequencies. In the latter
case, a dealer was modifying the radios he was selling. After a government
visit, he agreed not to modify the radios, but he was allowed to include
instructions on how to make the modification. With the Pro-2005 and Pro-2005,
this consists of opening the radio and clipping one diode, an operation that
takes all of 15 minutes, including disassembly.
What does all this mean? You can receive any frequency you wish. There
is literally no way to tell what you're listening to in the privacy of your
home. Your scanner (as well as EVERY radio) _does_ transmit an extremely
small amount of RF energy from the local oscillator, but unless the radio is
in very bad shape, that energy won't go past 40 or 50 feet. The "gummint"
would have to drive around in detection vans with beam antennas, and with
100,000 scanner owners, it's an extremely good bet that they're not even going
to consider thinking about the merest possibility that someone might put this
idea forward to be comtemplated. They've got more important stuff to worry
about. What it comes down to is this: listen to whatever you want to, but
don't divulge it or use the information for personal or illegal gain. That
will get you into deep doo-doo in double-quick time.
Most people have the opinion that if it's unscrambled, and it's passing
freely through their home and body, that they have the right to receive it.
This sounds like good solid thinking. The laws of this land provide for just
compensation to individuals. Perhaps a few bills to CMT companies for
transmission rights would help to remove this silly law from the books.
===============================================================================
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986
===============================================================================
February 2, 1987
TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
PART I. CRIMES
Chapter Sec.
* * *
General provisions............................................. 1
* * *
119. Wire and electronic communications interception and
interception of oral communications................. 2510
* * *
121. Stored Wire and Electronic Communications and Transactional
Records Access...................................... 2701
* * *
PART II. CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
201. General provisions.................................. 3001
* * *
206. Pen Registers and Trap and Trace Devices............ 3121
* * *
CHAPTER 65 - MALICIOUS MISCHIEF
Sec.
* * *
1367. Interference with the operation of a satellite.
* * *
{ 1367. Interference with the operation of a satellite
(a) Whoever, without the authority of the satellite operator,
intentionally or maliciously interferes with the authorized operation of a
communications or weather satellite or obstructs or hinders any satellite
transmission shall be fined in accordance with this title or imprisoned not
more than ten years of both.
(b) This section does not prohibit any lawfully authorized
investigative, protective, or intelligence activity of a law enforcement
agency or of an intelligence agency of the United States.
* * *
CHAPTER 109 - SEARCHES AND SEIZURES
* * *
{ 2232. Destruction or removal of property to prevent seizure
(a) Physical Interference With Search. -- Whoever, before, during, or
after seizure of any property by any person authorized to make searches and
seizures, in order to prevent the seizure or securing of any goods, wares,
or merchandise by such person, staves, breaks, throws overboard, destroys,
or removes the same, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned more
than five years, or both.
(b) Notice of Search. -- Whoever, having knowledge that any person
authorized to make searches and seizures has been authorized or is otherwise
likely to make a search or seizure, in order to prevent the authorized
seizing or securing of any per- son, goods, wares, merchandise or other
property, gives notice or attempts to give notice of the possible search or
seizure to any person shall be fined not more than $100,000 or imprisoned
not more than five years, or both.
(c) Notice of Certain Electronic Surveillance. -- Whoever, having
knowledge that a Federal investigative or law enforcement officer has been
authorized or has applied for authorization under chapter 119 to intercept a
wire, oral, or electronic communication, in order to obstruct, impede, or
prevent such interception, gives notice or attempts to give notice of the
possible interception to any person shall be fined under this title or
imprisoned not more than five years, or both.
Whoever, having knowledge that a Federal officer has been
authorized or has applied for authorization to conduct electronic
surveillance under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (50 U.S.C.
1801, et seq.), in order to obstruct, impede, or prevent such activity,
gives notice or attempts to give notice of the possible activity to any
person shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five
years, or both.
* * *
CHAPTER 119 -- WIRE AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS
INTERCEPTION AND INTERCEPTION OF ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
Sec.
2510. Definitions.
2511. Interception and disclosure of wire or oral communications
prohibited.
2512. Manufacture, distribution, possession, and advertising of
wire or oral communication intercepting devices
prohibited.
2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic communication
intercepting devices.
2514. Immunity of witnesses.
2515. Prohibition of use as evidence of intercepted wire, oral,
or electronic communications.
2516. Authorization for interception of wire, oral, or electronic
communications.
2517. Authorization for disclosure and use of intercepted wire,
oral, or electronic communications.
2518. Procedure for interception of wire, oral, or electronic
communications.
2519. Reports concerning intercepted wire, oral or electronic
communications.
2520. Recovery of civil damages authorized.
2521. Injunction against illegal interception.
{ 2510. Definitions
As used in this chapter --
(1) "wire communication" means any aural transfer made in whole
or in part through the use of facilities for the transmission of
communications by the aid of wire, cable, or other like connection
between the point of origin and the point of reception (including the
use of such connection in a switching station) furnished or operated by
any person engaged in providing or operating such facilities for the
transmission of interstate or foreign communications or communications
affecting interstate or foreign commerce and such term includes any
electronic storage of such communication, but such term does not
include the radio portion of a cordless telephone communication that is
transmitted between the cordless telephone handset and the base unit;
(2) "oral communication" means any oral communication uttered by
a person exhibiting an expectation that such communication is not
subject to interception under circumstances justifying such
expectation, but such term does not include any electronic
communication;
* * *
(4) "intercept" means the aural or other acquisition of the
contents of any wire, electronic, or oral communication through the use
of any electronic, mechanical, or other device.
(5) "electronic mechanical, or other device" means any device or
apparatus which can be used to intercept a wire, oral, or electronic
communication other than --
(a) any telephone or telegraph instrument, equipment or
facility, or any component thereof, (i) furnished to the
subscriber or user by a provider of wire or electronic
communication service in the ordinary course of its business and
being used by the subscriber or user in the ordinary course of its
business or furnished by such subscriber or user for connection to
the facilities of such service and used in the ordinary course of
its business; or (ii) being used by a communications common
carrier in the ordinary course of its business, or by an
investigative or law enforcement officer in the ordinary course of
his duties;
* * *
(8) "contents", when used with respect to any wire, oral, or
electronic communication, includes any information concerning the
substance, purport, or meaning of that communication;
(9) "Judge of competent jurisdiction" means --
(a) a judge of a United States district court or a United
States court of appeals; and
(b) a judge of any court of general criminal jurisdiction of
a State who is authorized by a statute of that State to enter
orders authorizing interceptions of wire, oral, or electronic
communications;
(10) "communication common carrier" shall have the same meaning
which is given the term "common carrier" by section 153(h) of title 47
of the United States Code;
(11) "aggrieved person" means a person who was a party to any
intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication or a person against
whom the interception was directed;
(12) "electronic communication" means any transfer of signs,
signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence of any nature
transmitted in whole or in part by a wire, radio, electromagnetic,
photoelectronic or photo optical system that affects interstate or
foreign commerce, but does not include --
(A) the radio portion of a cordless telephone communication
that is transmitted between the cordless telephone handset and the
base unit;
(B) any wire or oral communication;
(C) any communication made through a tone-only paging
device; or
(D) any communication from a tracking device (as defined in
section 3117 of this title);
(13) "user" means any person or entity who --
(A) uses an electronic communication service; and
(B) is duly authorized by the provider of such service to
engage in such use;
(14) "electronic communications system" means any wire, radio,
electromagnetic, photooptical or photoelectronic facilities for the
transmission of electronic communications, and any computer facilities
or related electronic equipment for the electronic storage of such
communications;
(15) "electronic communication service" means any service which
provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or
electronic communications;
(16) "readily accessible to the general public" means, with
respect to a radio communication, that such communication is not --
(A) scrambled or encrypted;
(B) transmitted using modulation techniques whose essential
parameters have been withheld from the public with the intention
of preserving the privacy of such communication;
(C) carried on a subcarrier or other signal subsidiary to a
radio transmission;
(D) transmitted over a communication system provided by a
common carrier, unless the communication is a tone only paging
system communication; or
(E) transmitted on frequencies allocated under part 25,
subpart D, E, or F of part 74, or part 94 of the Rules of the
Federal Communications Commission, unless, in the case of a
communication transmitted on a frequency allocated under part 74
that is not exclusively allocated to broadcast auxiliary services,
the communication is a two-way voice communication by radio;
(17) "electronic storage" means --
(A) any temporary, intermediate storage of a wire or
electronic communication incidental to the electronic transmission
thereof; and
(B) any storage of such communication by an electronic
communication service for purposes of backup protection of such
communication; and
(18) "aural transfer" means a transfer containing the human voice
at any point between and including the point of origin and the point of
reception.
{ 2511. Interception and disclosure of wire or oral
communications prohibited
(1) Except as otherwise specifically provided in this chapter any
person who--
(a) intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept, or procures
any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept, any wire, oral,
or electronic communication;
(b) intentionally uses, endeavors to use, or procures any other
person to use or endeavor to use any electronic, mechanical, or other
device to intercept any oral communication when --
(i) such device is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a
signal through, a wire, cable, or other like connection used in
wire communication; or
(ii) such device transmits communications by radio, or
interferes with the transmission of such communication; or
(iii) such person knows, or has reason to know, that such
device or any component thereof has been sent through the mail or
transported in interstate or foreign commerce; or
(iv) such use or endeavor to use (A) takes place on the
premises of any business or other commercial establishment the
operations of which affect interstate or foreign commerce; or (B)
obtains or is for the purpose of obtaining information relating to
the operations of any business or other commercial establishment
the operations of which affect interstate or foreign commerce; or
(v) such person acts in the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or possession of the
United States;
(c) intentionally discloses, or endeavors to disclose, to any
other person the contents of any wire, oral, or electronic
communication, knowing or have reason to know that the information was
obtained through the interception of a wire oral, or electronic
communication in violation of this subsection; or
(d) intentionally uses, or endeavors to use, the contents of any
wire, oral, or electronic communication, knowing or having reason to
know that the information was obtained through the interception of a
wire, oral, or electronic communication in violation of this
subsection; shall be punished as provided in subsection (4) or shall be
subject to suit as provided in subsection (5).
(2)(a)(i) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for an operator
of a switchboard, or an officer, employee, or agent of a provider of wire or
electronic communication service, whose facilities are used in the
transmission of a wire communication, to intercept, disclose, or use that
communication in the normal course of his employment while engaged in any
activity which is a necessary incident to the rendition of his service or to
the protection of the rights or property of the provider of that service,
except that a provider of wire communication service to the public shall not
utilize service observing or random monitoring except for mechanical or
service quality control checks.
(ii) Notwithstanding any other law, providers of wire or electronic
communication service, their officers, employees, and agents, landlords,
custodians, or other persons, are authorized to provide information
facilities, or technical assistance to persons authorized by law to
intercept wire, oral, or electronic communications or to conduct electronic
surveillance, as defined in section 101 of the Foreign Intelligence
Surveillance Act of 1978, if such provider its officers, employees, or
agents, land- lord, custodian, or other specified person has been provided
with --
(A) a court order directing such assistance signed by the
authorizing judge, or
(B) a certification in writing by a person specified in section
2518(7) of this title or the Attorney General of the United States that
no warrant or court order is required by law, that all statutory
requirements have been met, and that the specified assistance is
required.
setting forth the period of time during which the provision of the
information, facilities, or technical assistance is authorized and
specifying the information, facilities, or technical assistance required.
No provider of wire or electronic communication service officer, employee,
or agent thereof, or landlord, custodian, or other specified person shall
disclose the existence of any interception or surveillance of the device
used to accomplish the interception or surveillance with respect to which
the person has been furnished an order or certification under this
subparagraph, except as may otherwise be required by legal process and then
only after prior notification to the Attorney General or to the principal
prosecuting attorney of a State or any political subdivision of a State, as
may be appropriate. Any such disclosure, shall render such person liable
for the civil damages provided for in section 2520. No cause of action
shall lie in any court against any provider of wire or electronic
communication service its officers, employees, or agents, landlord,
custodian, or other specified person for providing information, facilities,
or assistance in accordance with the terms of a court order or certification
under this chapter.
(b) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for an officer,
employee, or agent of the Federal Communications Commission, in the normal
course of his employment and in discharge of the monitoring responsibilities
exercised by the Commission in the enforcement of chapter 5 of title 57 of
the United States Code, to intercept a wire or electronic communication, or
oral communication transmitted by radio, or to disclose or use the
information thereby obtained.
(c) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for a person acting
under color of law to intercept a wire, oral, or electronic communication,
where such person is a party to the communication or one of the parties to
the communication has given prior consent to such interception.
(d) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for a person not
acting under color of law to intercept a wire, oral, or electronic
communication where such person is a party to the communication or where one
of the parties to the communication has given prior consent to such
interception unless such communication is intercepted for the purpose of
committing any criminal or tortious act in violation of the Constitution or
laws of the United States or of any State.
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title or section 705
or 706 of the Communications Act of 1934, it shall not be unlawful for an
office, employee, or agent of the United States in the normal course of his
official duty to conduct electronic surveillance, as defined in section 101
of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, as authorized by that
Act.
(f) Nothing contained in this chapter or chapter 121, or section 705
of the Communications Act of 1934, shall be deemed to affect the acquisition
by the United States Government of foreign intelligence information from
international or foreign communication, or foreign intelligence activities
conducted in accordance with otherwise applicable Federal law involving a
foreign electronic communications system, utilizing a means other than
electronic surveillance as defined in section 101 of the Foreign
Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and procedures in this chapter and
the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 shall be the exclusive
means by which electronic surveillance, as defined in section 101 of such
Act, and the interception of domestic wire and oral communications may be
conducted.
(g) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter or chapter 121 of this
title for any person --
(i) to intercept or access an electronic communication made
through an electronic communication system that is configured so that
such electronic communication is readily accessible to the general
public;
(ii) to intercept any radio communication which is transmitted --
(I) by any station for the use of the general public, or
that relates to ships, aircraft, vehicles, or persons in distress;
(II) by any governmental, law enforcement, civil defense
private land mobile, or public safety communications system,
including police and fire, readily accessible to the general
public;
(III) by a station operating on an authorized frequency
within the bands allocated to the amateur, citizens band, or
general mobile radio services; or
(IV) by any marine or aeronautical communications system;
(iii) to engage in any conduct which --
(I) is prohibited by section 633 of the Communications Act
of 1934; or
(II) is excepted from the application of section 705(a) of
the Communications Act of 1934 by section 705(b) of that Act;
(iv) to intercept any wire or electronic communication the
transmission of which is causing harmful interference to any lawfully
operating station or consumer electronic equipment, to the extent
necessary to identify the source of such interference; or
(v) for other users of the same frequency to intercept any radio
communication made through a system that utilizes frequencies monitored
by individuals engaged in the provision or the use of such system, if
such communication is not scrambled or encrypted.
(h) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter --
(i) to use a pen register or a trap and trace device (as those
terms are defined for the purposes of chapter 206 (relating to pen
registers and trap and trace devices) of this title); or
(ii) for a provider of electronic communication service to record
the fact that a wire or electronic communication was initiated or
completed in order to protect such provider, another provider
furnishing service toward the completion of the wire or electronic
communication, or a user of that service, from fraudulent, unlawful or
abusive use of such service.
(3)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection a
person or entity providing an electronic communication service to the public
shall not intentionally divulge the contents of any communication (other
than one to such person or entity, or an agent thereof) while in
transmission on that service to any person or entity other than an addressee
or intended recipient of such communication or an agent of such addressee or
intended recipient.
(b) A person or entity providing electronic communication service to
the public may divulge the contents of any such communication --
(i) as otherwise authorized in section 2511(2)(a) or 2517 of this
title;
(ii) with the lawful consent of the originator or any addressee
or intended recipient of such communication;
(iii) to a person employed or authorized, or whose facilities are
used, to forward such communication to its destination; or
(iv) which were inadvertently obtained by the service provider
and which appear to pertain to the commission of a crime, if such
divulgence is made to a law enforcement agency.
(4)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection or in
subsection (5), whoever violates subsection (1) of this section shall be
fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.
(b) If the offense is a first offense under paragraph (a) of this
subsection and is not for a tortious or illegal purpose or for purposes of
direct or indirect commercial advantage or private commercial gain, and the
wire or electronic communication with respect to which the offense under
paragraph (a) is a radio communication that is not scrambled or encrypted,
then --
(i) If the communication is not the radio portion of a cellular
telephone communication, a public land mobile radio service
communication or a paging service communication, and the conduct is not
that described in subsection (5), the offender shall be fined under
this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both, and
(ii) if the communication is the radio portion of a cellular
telephone communication, a public land mobile radio service
communication or a paging service communication, the offender shall be
fined not more than $500.
(c) Conduct otherwise an offense under this subsection that consists
of or relates to the interception of a satellite transmission that is not
encrypted or scrambled and that is transmitted --
(i) to a broadcasting station for purposes of retransmission to
the general public; or
(ii) as an audio subcarrier intended for redistribution to
facilities open to the public, but not including data transmissions or
telephone calls,
is not an offense under this subsection unless the conduct is for the
purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage or private financial
gain.
(5)(a)(i) If the communication is --
(A) a private satellite video communication that is not scrambled
or encrypted and the conduct in violation of this chapter is the
private viewing of that communication and is not for a tortious or
illegal purpose or for purposes of direct or indirect commercial
advantage or private commercial gain; or
(B) a radio communication that is transmitted on frequencies
allocated under subpart D of part 74 of the rules of the Federal
Communications Commission that is not scrambled or encrypted and the
conduct in violation of this chapter is not for a tortious or illegal
purpose or for purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage or
private commercial gain.
then the person who engages in such conduct shall be subject to suit by the
Federal Government in a court of competent jurisdiction.
(ii) In an action under this subsection --
(A) if the violation of this chapter is a first offense for the
person under paragraph (a) of subsection (4) and such person has not
been found liable in a civil action under section 2520 of this title,
the Federal Government shall be entitled to appropriate injunctive
relief; and
(B) if the violation of this chapter is a second or subsequent
offense under paragraph (a) of subsection (4) or such person has been
found liable in any prior civil action under section 2520, the person
shall be subject to a mandatory $500 civil fine.
(b) The court may use any means within its authority to enforce an
injunction issued under paragraph (ii)(A), and shall impose a civil fine of
not less than $500 for each violation of such an injunction,
{ 2512. Manufacture, distribution, possession, and advertising of wire
or oral communication intercepting devices prohibited
(1) Except as otherwise specifically provided in this chapter, any
person who intentionally --
(a) sends through the mail, or sends or carriers in interstate or
foreign commerce, any electronic, mechanical, or other device, knowing
or having reason to know that the design of such device renders it
primarily useful for the purpose of the surreptitious interception of
wire, oral, or electronic communications;
(b) manufacturers, assembles, possesses, or sells any electronic,
mechanical, or other device, knowing or having reason to know that the
design of such device renders it primarily useful for the purpose of
the surreptitious interception of wire, oral, or electronic
communications, and that such device or any component thereof has been
or will be sent through the mail or transported in interstate or
foreign commerce; or
(c) places in any newspaper, magazine, handbill, or other
publication any advertisement of--
(i) any electronic, mechanical, or other device knowing or
having reason to know that the design of such device renders it
primarily useful for the purpose of the surreptitious interception
of wire, oral, or electronic communications; or
(ii) any other electronic, mechanical, or other device, where
such advertisement promotes the use of such device for the purpose
of the surreptitious interception of wire, oral, or electronic
communications,
knowing or having reason to know that such advertisement will be sent
through the mail or transported in interstate or foreign commerce,
shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years,
or both.
(2) It shall not be unlawful under this section for-
(a) a provider of wire or electronic communication service or an
officer, agent, or employee of, or a person under contract with, such a
provider, in the normal course of the business of providing that wire
or electronic communication service, or
(b) an officer, agent, or employee of, or a person under contract
with, the United States, a State, or a political subdivision thereof,
in the normal course of the activities of the United States, a State,
or a political subdivision thereof, to send through the mail, send or
carry in interstate or foreign commerce, or manufacture, assemble,
possess, or sell any electronic, mechanical, or other device knowing or
having reason to know that the design of such device renders it
primarily useful for the purpose of the surreptitious interception of
wire, oral, or electronic communications.
{ 2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic communication
intercepting devices
Any electronic, mechanical, or other device used, sent, carried,
manufactured, assembled, possessed, sold, or advertised in violation of
section 2511 or section+ 2512 of this chapter may be seized and forfeited to
the United States. All provisions of law relating to (1) the seizure,
summary and judicial forfeiture, and condemnation of vessels, vehicles,
merchandise, and baggage for violations of the customs laws contained in
title 19 of the United States Code, (2) the disposition of such vessels, -
vehicles, merchandise, and baggage or the proceeds from the sale thereof,
(3) the remission or mitigation of such forfeiture, (4) the compromise of
claims, and (5) the award of compensation to informers in respect of such
forfeitures, shall apply to seizures and forfeitures incurred, or alleged to
have been incurred, under the provisions of this section, insofar as
applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions of this section; except
that such duties as are imposed upon the collector of customs or any other
person with respect to the seizure and forfeiture of vessels, vehicles,
merchandise, and baggage under the provisions of the customs laws contained
in title 19 of the United States Code shall be performed with respect to
seizure and forfeiture of electronic, mechanical, or other intercepting
devices under this section by such officers, agents, or other persons as may
be authorized or designated for that purpose of the Attorney General.
{ 2515. Prohibition of use as evidence of intercepted wire, oral, or
electronic communications
Whenever any wire, oral, or electronic communications has been
intercepted, no part of the contents of such communication and no evidence
derived therefrom may be received in evidence in any trial, hearing, or
other proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, department, officer,
agency, regulatory body, legislative committee, or other authority of the
United States, a State, or a political subdivision thereof if the disclosure
of that information would be in violation of this chapter.
{ 2516. Authorization for interception of wire, oral, or electronic
communications
(1) The Attorney General, Deputy Attorney General, Associate Attorney
General, any Assistant Attorney General, any acting Assistant Attorney
General, or any Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Criminal Division
specially designated by the Attorney General, may authorize an application
to a Federal judge of competent jurisdiction for, and such judge may grant
in conformity with section 2518 of this chapter an order authorizing or
approving the interception of wire of oral communications by the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, or a Federal agency having responsibility for the
investigation of the offense as to which the application is made, when such
interception may provide or has provided evidence of-
(a) any offense punishable by death or by imprisonment for more
than one year under sections 2274 through 2277 of title 42 of the
United States Code (relating to the enforcement of the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954), section 2284 of title 42 of the United States Code
(relating to sabotage of nuclear facilities or fuel), or under the
following chapters of this title: chapter 37 (relating to espionage),
chapter 105 (relating to sabotage), chapter 115 (relating to treason),
chapter 192 (relating to riots), chapter 65 (relating to malicious
matter mischief), chapter 111 (relating to destruction of vessels), or
chapter 81 (relating to piracy);
(b) a violation of section 186 or section 501(c) of title 29,
United States Code (dealing with restrictions on payments and loans to
labor organizations), or any offense which involves murders,
kidnapping, robbery, or extortion, and which is punishable under this
title;
c) any offense which is punishable under the following section
of this title: section 201 (bribery of public officials and
witnesses), section 224 (bribery in sporting contests), subsection (d),
(e), (f), (g), (h), or (i) of section 844 (unlawful use of explosives),
section 1084 (transmission of wagering information), section 751
(relating to escape), sections 1503, 1512, and 1513 (influencing or
injuring an officer, juror, or witness generally), section 1510
(obstruction of criminal investigations), section 1511 (obstruction of
State or local law enforcement), section 1751 (Presidential and
Presidential staff assassination, kidnapping, and assault), section
1951 (interference with commerce by threats or violence), section 1952
(interstate and foreign travel or transportation in aid of racketeering
enterprises), section 1952A (relating to use of interstate commerce
facilities in the commission of murder for hire), section 1952B
(relating to violent crimes in aid of racketeering activity), section
1954 (offer acceptance, or solicitation to influence operations of
employee beneFn
non n
hapdevices commis of the eteering
entmmisgaed,ackFn
non 659ionheftprocee use of intship enforosives),
66 redezzle enforoceed ofmmunicatwelftiesfishterprises), s343on 1952Bfrauesigntion oradioceptatralminal itnesses), se52eptase5 ansexuhe Feeringuse or solicructhild(initnSsses), se51nicatse52ensexuhenguse or soli section
thild(initnesses), s31503s31303s314dnappis31552
(inder thisvel or transpo or tng te orlueg actpect tre, nesses), s3202B
(der thislatiaing k procee anlawsmene coessels, emissne coessels,pted,xplosives),
s2032B
(relahos to stakackFn
non 10292B
(relcommercerauesappi
be eering grantn non feren (ofor epting
activity), sectio3146apter 81 (relateof onsibilfgh forcatipp ofFn
non 3521 ereon 1952B
(relaror, or
o communicataDeputy r violence), 3apter 192 (der thislating to destrucairciaitationirciaitae
faFn
non n
63on 1952age for vio
person with res aid of ration to idfeiturerrupenders i labor organiza
non nhapter 115 (relatrce ben knoretCod192 (der thiagawssttion, or a public actpect transportariots), cha
(relcommercting to destrucaceiAtomiae
ytion foises), s34hapter 81 (relaugh commerceraueFn
non 35hapage for vio
person with resantgon nal ey GCab tht a State,
Sup(3)al re aal staff assassination, kidnapping, and assault), 83ction 751
(reladevices e
dvel aransportwhic (rtage of ng ein axplosives),
332B
(relating to destrucene coessels, emissne coessels,commerce
fa),tion 186 or 19hapter 192 (relaw mak prodvewsso piracy);
d (a) any rtwhic (rore 1951 i92 (rhich is punishablivity), sectio471,o472,tion473on
of th piracy);
e (a) any rtwhic (rerauesantn performad, sunishablef th section1 baggagerce, or manuf as transp,m may b kidnantc Co, depabuy kidosives),
llal, heattee, w coms Code (rtanarcor a drug
vehriajuana heattee, commerctanon rrepdrug
vehich is punishabl (r loitle 42 of the Unite piracy);
f (a) any rtclur proery, or e inteen ee dvel aransp
devicosives),
s 892,t893 heat894on
of th piracy);
g (b) a violation of 5322n 501(c) o31,o of the United States Codes Code (dealif,
(3ery in sllectrrderaldvel aransp
o piracy);
h (f
o ( (b) a violation ofs ectiappisctioB
(relcommercn such
interappi if the disllecanlawsmof oral communiappiresaanlawscommercn such
intercepting)on
of th piracy);
i ( (b) a violation of s679tios CoB
(relating to des section
aana ma a gide ipeodee ion ests), subsi ion(n)oitle 42 of thction of
ed Sta piracy);
j (tion of c (b) a violation of hro8n 501(c) ofapter 192 (der thislament rhe Exery 251 orlgy
);luencracy);
k ment o communrucac (fugi legiroceejof therroceenjurin anycommerctintiobe receions of this suencracy);
l (tmunting t resanativ (a)le undeageoin slln anys.ications
2
( (ipates. of u (raby the Arucac (ates, a Stt ( (ipatny . of u (raby the Arucac (e, or a political subdivision, theor, aaby the hens may
be autignaidentutt purpoe
f
elaugkwhich the applcatiof
omire aaFederal judge of competent jurisdic chapter an order author ing or
a; exoving the interceptionany wire, oral, or electronic commun Genera shall Divr, and sucdiction for, and such judge m grant
in conformity with section; ex18 of this chd(dealif,
far as
appf
dentutt chapter an order aut,horizing or
approving the interceptionany wire, oral, or electronic communiby for the
invv St local law enf of wy such l agency having responsibility for the
investigation of the offense as to which the application is made, when such
interception may provide or has provided eviities in the commisity f of the mission osination, kidngaed,ackdnapping, ron 224 ,bery, or extorizs Code (rtanarcor a drug
vehriajuanammittee, otanon rrepdrug
veeattee, covioleotanon rrepenslifn ilimbveeat orlueg tion foffense punishh or by impr
sonment re
than ,pecially desvidencefar as
appf
dentuttizi order author, an such
intezations),tmunting t resanativ (a)le u
songeoin slln anys.ications
3
Ancefby the Aibility Go impri(ideor, asucmlicadoyendesignateu
or thatseviitiesn, or a Rultsevii in the CP
othd di)General, may authizing the applcation
to a Federal judge of competent jurisdiction for, and su
h judge m, grant
in conformity with section
of th, chapter izi order author ing or
approving the intercepral, or electronic communibyuthizor the
invv St local law enf of suchl agency having responsibility for the
investigation of the ffense as to which the application is made, when such
interception may provide or has provided evii (n
to a f
o .apter.
7
{ 2516. Authorizat if the dison fting to use h
ithction o o o o o otionany wire, oral, or electronic commuications
Anceor the
invv St local law enf of suchlwhocebyuthy meaunicmay
be autignex18 of this,ovideoblawsautknowlederal jties iuseon pvii
tionany wire, oral, or electronic commure, orovided e
tovv ddivisiroceecepizsif theefor, a iuseon pcatintee, oor the
invv St local law enf of suchlicatting xof copoe
or, a if the disns mng oor
elat ( rlueatereringed f oation ofblic dur facioation ofbl akack knoreay b kiation if the di.ications
2
Anceor the
invv St local law enf of suchlwhocebyuth meaunicmay
be autignex18 of this,ovideoblawsautknowlederal jties iuseon pvii
tionany wire, oral, or electronic commue, orovided e
tovv ddivisirocee
ueefor, a iuseon pcatting xof coor, aueefns mng oor
elat ( rlue
oereringed pviix18 ofblic dur fa.ications
3
Anceoerson fhoovidereay bedcebyuthy meaun may
be autigne undeof this,oanceorering infnantc rn aotionany wire, oral, or elomirronic commure, orovided e
tovv ddivisirocee use h
ithsvidecrerdanterfere; exov or hse operanex18 of thisrceptsif theefties iuseon pviipoe
omirronic commu ion e, a tovvinvv rovided ee aappg b kiatthe
mo (ishabloare; or iofbing infnvidence orceer proheldnishable unmay
bet (a)le un of thctf
edof wycac (ates,eeat , or a political subdivision.ications
4
Nottee, w comor vaapg perfonany wire, oral, or electronic commuic use h
ithsvidecrerdanterferere, ovid (b) a viol,at ( r hse operanex18deof thistshss theefitsmor vaapg peof ng his.ications
5
W madaneor the
invv St local law enf of such,ee aappengag peiuic use h
ide (der Sy wiectronic communiilitiesngenr an order pevisiin,ic use h
isptionany wire, oral, or electronic communi
(relalln anys; oee, oe
ordeefowitifie receioeapter awyca516. Authoror ing orwireity f iuseon pcvision, on frovided e
tovv ddivisiroce Generbon if the ddor ueehctide or has pbribests), sus
on f
2
ranex18 ts), su
{Sr, a iuseon pdentiac (rovided e
tovv ddivisiroceeceprbonueehnishabliests), subs3
ranex18Div non f mada order peor ing orautignaiFederal judge of competent juri
tvisifor, and sucyendperribestsquf coing the applcoe
ties iuseon pwisi; oee, w com use h
ithsvidecrerdanterfereat ( r hse operanex18 of this.icSr, aing the applshss bontion offsoterade oarans
ap.icatter.
8. and
othd dirizating the interceptionany wire, oral, or elction o o o o o octronic communications
Ea, aing the appldic chapter an order author ing or
ality forg the intercepaotionany wire, oral, or electronic commueishable 18 of thisDivhss bontion vidwri92 (ruptercare or iofbing infncatioFederal judge of c
mpetent jurison fohss of into which thent'n may
bety elaugkwhe, wheing the app. Ea, aing the applohss rtclurele undellowde (rtering inf:ncracy);
a mentvidetet (a)le unor the
invv St local law enf of suchli
akack o which the app, on ftion ofbl n order autho which the app piracy);
b fus eiture
e dentw enf of e undaraniappicircumuty r eteerin
ie rupterigne which thent, elajof tfyix18 b
ieurpoe
chapter izives),houldnbontheuedcertclur prosi detCils offenst ( ed,icularurin anycommercpoe
videbeep, 18 b
al, heatns mbouh resbes in tttedce(ii exhe i ofcommerc or has pbribests), su
1),ta( ed,icularutintio intercept (na maepdentimmerc o communruce undar farroceee as t Stt ( lad ee et re
ycommercctronic commueis resbes use h
ithce(iii a( ed,icularutintio intercecommercpo reypral judgonic communisoughh resbes use h
ithce(iv) mentvidetet section
t ( erson, theknown, in tttautho wh of the ohd(drdeecommercctronic commus mforcatbes use h
ith piracy);
c fus eiture
e dentw enf offense eee, o Stntettee, commercor the
invv p
othd di l ageebeepldviidfeitufgh peor whgne w sectioce son
aytipp ofrcatbesunlikehall he, ceer thedviidfofrcatbestolcommerctanon rre piracy);
d dentw enf of e un eriodn 501(mirizate as to whorg the intecommerconi
quiondrcatbesughnlawsau. Iept (na maepa)le unor the
invmueisizives),r, asoe
tiesa516. Authorizating the inter,houldnnteta51ong ia pl sectiosucmie intf madtion intiobe reypral judgonic commu
videbeepcyersenders i blawsau,ta( ed,icularutintio intercepdaranithe
aens2 (rhapp
appcaunycommercpo b
ieverpoe
cd eeal eycctronic commus a)le unsam reyprawis occtrcommercpo ce fsuc piracy);
e fus eiture
e dentw enf of e undaraniantc rn al commercp(3 (bushich the appseknownfenst (end vadueycn order autheitu akackcommercpo rich the app, tion catinyand sucdicsa516. Authorcating the ixtorizmmerceor ing orwig to use h
immus a),ptionany wire, oral, or elction octronic communiilwhic (r (a)le unsam r erson
vedar fareat lad sizives),witifie receioeaich the app pdentiracy);
f e et re
yhich the applicaibility xof e commischapter ,taizives),entw enf settauthibialif,
(3suln pcvushfarurblawsautroceee
ycommercn such
intezationoce son
ay x lancommunruce undailuforcatrblawshe, wheectiocesuln .ications
2
(nd such ju
quionne which thentrcatfurfens
cd eeal ey; ethe
mo (zat ocumenfar (rovided ewshe,pery ruce uning the app.ications
3
Uponeor, aang the applco (nd such juenfis ch x( ed,eapter ,tasiz
quthe peor icatodifie ,an order author ing or
aling the interceptiona; orwig oral, or electronic communifereeceioeag tbetder a Feetent jurisa)le u
ire aavidw as to whnd suc18 ttttauth(eituouhsiderpoe
Feetent jurisbut
tireeceioea of the Unitedeceioeacaing toaatobaapping the interceptinicmay
be autignion
to a ire aatireeceor, andetent juri) thed whnd suizs sucmieeperrid whbasis a)le undaranibes tttedrigne which thentrpoe
-ncracy);
a mendisns happ
appcaunyaibilb
ieurpoe
chaend vadueycisizives) in tttaut,ovide in tttedceeatns mbouh resanativ ( ed,icularurin anycommercenumery desvidty with sec6eranex18 of this piracy);
b mendisns happ
appcaunyaibilbrieurpoe
ed,icularction octronic communiantc rn poe
of the wis besrblawsautthroughhe, wheectioing the inte piracy);
c nringlcor the
invv p
othd di l ageebeepldviidfeitu ageizmmercegh peor ce son
aytipp ofrcatbesunlikehall he, ceer thedviidfofrcatbecommercpooctanon rre piracy);
d exhe i ofc or has pbribests), su
1),tmendisns happ
apction ocaunyaibilb
ieurpoe
e undar farroceee as a Stt ( lad ee et re
ycommerctionany wire, oral, or electronic communimforcatbes use h
ithimfocommercb
al,nueehzationaepdbouh resbesueehza grantn non fereat ( in the co section
or, a of thezationaeple sndrca iliste receioeanam ra),ptio in onl sectioueehnignor, a erson.ications
4
Ea, apter an order author ing or
alityling the intercep (tiona; orwire, oral, or electronic commueishable 18 of thisfohss owitify-ncracy);
a mentvidetet (a)le un erson, theknown, drdeeoctronic communic
mforcatbes use h
ith piracy);
b men(na maepdenc o communruce unctronic communidar farofcommercense as a Stt ( lad ee et ,an orderty ela use h
isns dge mth piracy);
c ed,icularutintio intercept (eypral judgonic commu
soughhcommercpo b
s use h
ithcedenc dentw enf of e un ed,icularurin anycense as heectioiti
ee piracy);
d mentvidetet (a)le unag nceral, may ad ela use h
ise
ycommercctronic commuscedenca)le un erson n order autho which the app pdentiracy);
e ment eriodn 501(mird dde (d as tor, an such
intecisizives)al, may adcertclur pro dentw enf offense eee, o Stnteto whorg the intecommercohss a51ong ia pl osucmie intf madtion intiobe rudgonic commu
videbeepizmmerceersesrblawsau.icatAhapter an order authityling the intercep otionany wire, oral, or elomirronic commueishable 18 of thisfohss ,rupter
quthe ruce uning thent,izsireacopoe
ac or hasrrceptione, oral, or electronic commueserptin,izlandlpte, of odichaptttee, n erson ohss furfens
e which thentribialfere; ss rtering infvedar fa, on ftechn a poahe uty r n essar (tlcoecre
ens
e whing the interunrblrusvv aytihd(dereaaatinimumg to use fet ed ffereat (serptinsopoe
or, aserptinc or hasr ilandlpte, of odichre, o erson fosdecrerdauthityloerson fhoeeoctronic commun mforcatbes use h
ith. Anc
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