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                             THE HOLLOW EARTH

                              [Part 2 of 15]

               
               The Greatest Geographical Discovery in History

                  By Dr. Raymond Bernard  A.B., M.A. Ph.D.

                                

                               CHAPTER ONE
                 
                 ADMIRAL BYRD'S EPOCH-MAKING DISCOVERY
              
              The Greatest Geographical Discovery in Human History
        
     "That enchanted Continent in the Sky, Land of Everlasting Mystery! "
        
     "I'd like to see that land beyond the (North) Pole. That area 
      beyond the Pole is the Center of the Great Unknown:"
                                       
                                       - Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd

   
   The above two statements by the greatest explorer in modern times, 
Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd of the United States Navy, cannot be 
understood nor make any sense according to old geographical theories 
that the earth is a solid sphere with a fiery  core, on which both North 
and South Poles are fixed points. If such was the case, and if Admiral 
Byrd flew for 1,700 and 2,300 miles respectively across North and South 
Poles, to the icy and snowbound lands that lie on the other side, whose 
geography is fairly well known, it would be incomprehensible for him to 
make such a statement, referring to this territory on the other side of
the Poles as "the great unknown". 

   Also, he would have no reason to use such a term as "Land of 
Everlasting Mystery". Byrd was not a poet, and what he described was  
what he observed from his airplane.  During his Arctic flight of 1,700 
miles beyond the North Pole he reported by radio that he saw below him, 
not ice and snow, but land areas consisting of mountains, forests, 
green vegetation, lakes and rivers, and in the underbrush saw a strange 
animal resembling the mammoth found frozen in Arctic ice. Evidently he 
had entered a warmer region than the icebound Territory that extends 
from the Pole to Siberia. If Byrd had this region in mind he would have
no reason to call it the "Great Unknown", since it could be reached by 
flying across the Pole to the other side of the Arctic region.

   The only way that we can understand Byrd's enigmatical statements is 
if we discard the traditional conception of the formation of the earth 
and entertain an entirely new one, according to which its Arctic and 
Antarctic extremities are not convex but concave, and that Byrd entered 
into the polar concavities when he went beyond the Poles. In other words, 
he did not travel across the Poles to the other side, but entered into 
the polar concavity or depression, which, as we shall see later in this  
book, opens to the hollow interior of the earth, the home of plant,
animal and human life, enjoying a tropical climate. This is the "Great 
Unknown" to which Byrd had reference when he made this statement - and 
not the ice - and snow-bound area on the other side of the North Pole, 
extending to the upper reaches of Siberia.

   The new geographical theory presented in this book, for the first 
time, makes Byrd's strange, enigmatical statements comprehensible and 
shows that the great explorer was not a dreamer, as may appear to one 
who holds on to old geographical theories.  Byrd had entered an entirely 
new territory, which was "unknown" because it was not on any map, and 
it was not on any map because all maps have been made on basis of the 
belief that the earth is spherical and solid. Since nearly all lands on 
this solid sphere have been explored and recorded by polar explorers,
there could not be room on such maps for the territory that Admiral 
Byrd discovered, and which he called the "Great Unknown" - unknown 
because not on any map. It was an area of land as large as North 
America.

   This mystery can only be solved if we accept the basic conception of 
the earth's formation presented in this book and supported by the 
observations of Arctic explorers which will be cited here. According to 
this new revolutionary conception, the earth is not a solid sphere, but 
is hollow, with openings at the Poles, and Admiral Byrd entered these 
openings for a distance of some 4,000 miles during his 1947 and 1956 
Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.  The "Great Unknown" to which Byrd
referred was the iceless land area inside the polar concavities, 
opening to the hollow interior of the earth. If this conception is 
correct, as we shall attempt to prove, then both North and South Poles 
cannot exist, since they would be in midair, in the center of the polar 
openings, and would not be on the earth's surface. 

   This view was first presented by an American writer, William Reed, 
in a book, "Phantom of the Poles", published in 1906 soon after Admiral 
Peary claimed to have discovered the North Pole and denying that he 
really did. In 1920 another book was published, written by Marshall 
Gardner, called "A Journey to the Earth's Interior or Have the Poles 
Really Been Discovered?", making the same claim. Strangely, Gardner 
had no knowledge of Reed's book and came to his conclusions 
independently.  Both Reed and Gardner claimed that the earth was hollow, 
with openings at the poles and that in its interior lives a vast 
population of millions of inhabitants, composing an advanced 
civilization.  This is probably the "Great Unknown" to which Admiral 
Byrd referred.

    To repeat, Byrd could not have had any part of the Earth's known 
surface in mind when he spoke of the "Great Unknown", but rather a new, 
hitherto unknown land area, free from ice and snow, with green 
vegetation, forests and animal life, that exists nowhere on the Earth's 
surface but inside the polar depression, receiving its heat from its 
hollow interior, which has a higher temperature than the surface, with 
which it communicates. Only on the basis of this conception can we 
understand Admiral Byrd's statements.

   In January, 1956, Admiral Byrd led another expedition to the 
Antarctic and there penetrated for 2,300 miles *beyond* the South Pole. 
The radio announcement at this time (January 13, 1956) said: "On 
January 13, members of the United States expedition penetrated a land 
extent of 2,300 miles *beyond* the Pole. The flight was made by Rear 
Admiral George Dufek of the United States Navy Air Unit."

    The word "beyond" is very significant and will be puzzling to those 
who believe in the old conception of a solid earth. It would then mean 
the region on the other side of the Antarctic continent and the ocean 
beyond, and would not be "a vast new territory" (not on any map), nor 
would his expedition that found this territory be "the most important 
expedition in the history of the world". The geography of Antarctica is 
fairly well known, and Admiral Byrd has not added anything significant
to our knowledge of the Antarctic continent. If this is the case, then 
why should he make such apparently wild and unsupported statements - 
especially in view of his high standing as a rear admiral of the U.S. 
Navy and his reputation as a great explorer?
    
   This enigma is solved when we understand the new geographical theory 
of a Hollow Earth, which is the only way we can see sense in Admiral 
Byrd's statements and not  consider him as a visionary who saw mirages 
in the polar regions or at least imagined he did.

   After returning from his Antarctic expedition on March 13, 1956, 
Byrd remarked: "The present expedition has opened up a vast new land." 
The word "land" is very significant. He could not have referred to any 
part of the Antarctic continent, since none of it consists of "land" 
and all of it of ice, and, besides, its geography is fairly well known 
and Byrd did not make any noteworthy contribution to Antarctic 
geography, as other explorers did, who left their names as memorials 
in the geography of this area. If Byrd discovered a vast new area in 
the Antarctic, he would claim it for the United States Government and 
it would be named after him, just as would be the case if his 1,700 
mile flight beyond the North Pole was over the earth's surface between 
the Pole and Siberia.

   But we find no such achievements to the credit of the great explorer, 
nor did he leave his name in Arctic and Antarctic geography to the 
extent that his statements about discovering a new vast land area would 
indicate. If his Antarctic expedition opened up a new immense region of 
ice on the frozen continent of Antarctica, it would not be appropriate 
to use the word "land," which means an iceless region similar to that 
over which Byrd flew for 1,700 miles beyond the North Pole, which had 
green vegetation, forests and animal life. We may therefore conclude 
that his 1956 expedition for 2,300 miles beyond the South Pole was over 
similar iceless territory not recorded on any map, and not over any 
part of the Antarctic continent.

   The next year, in 1957, before his death, Byrd called this land 
beyond the South Pole (not "ice" on the other side of the South Pole) 
"that enchanted continent in the sky, land of everlasting mystery." He 
could not have used this statement if he referred to the part of the 
icy continent of Antarctica that lies on the other side of the South 
Pole.  The words "everlasting mystery" obviously refer to something 
else.  They refer to the warmer territory not shown on any map that 
lies inside the South Polar Opening leading to the hollow interior of 
the Earth.

   The expression "that enchanted continent in the sky" obviously refers 
to a land area, and not ice, mirrored in the sky which acts as a 
mirror, a strange phenomenon observed by many polar explorers, who 
speak of "the island in the sky" or "water sky," depending or whether 
the sky of polar regions reflects land or water. If Byrd saw the 
reflection of water or ice he would not use the word "continent," nor 
call it an "enchanted" continent. It was "enchanted" because, according
to accepted geographical conceptions, this continent which Byrd saw 
reflected in the sky (where water globules act as a mirror for the 
surface below) could not exist.

    We shall now quote from Ray Palmer, editor of "Flying Saucers" 
magazine and a leading American expert on flying saucers, who is of 
the opinion that Admiral Byrd's discoveries in the Arctic and Antarctic 
regions offer an explanation of the origin of the flying saucers, which, 
he believes, do not come from other planets, but from the hollow 
interior of the earth, where exists an advanced civilization far in 
advance of us in aeronautics, using flying saucers for aerial travel, 
coming to the outside of the earth through the polar openings. Palmer 
explains his views as follows:

    "How well known Is the Earth? Is there any area on Earth that can 
    be regarded as a possible origin of the flying saucers? There are 
    two. The two major areas of importance are the Antarctic and the 
    Arctic.

    "Admiral Byrd's two flights over both Poles prove that there is a 
    `strangeness' about the shape of the Earth in both polar areas. 
    Byrd flew to the North Pole, but did not stop there and turn back, 
    but went for 1, 700 miles beyond it, and then retraced his course 
    to his Arctic base (due to his gasoline supply running low). As 
    progress was made beyond the Pole point, iceless land and lakes, 
    mountains covered with trees, and even a monstrous animal, 
    resembling the mammoth of antiquity, was seen moving through the 
    underbrush; and all this was reported via radio by the plane 
    occupants.  For almost all of the 1,700 miles, the plane flew 
    over land, mountains, trees, lakes and rivers.

    "What was this unknown land? Did Byrd, in traveling due north, 
    enter into the hollow interior of the Earth through the north
    polar opening? Later Byrd's expedition went to the South Pole 
    and after passing it, went 2,300 miles beyond it.

    "Once again we have penetrated an unknown and mysterious land 
    which does not appear on today's maps. And once again we find 
    no announcement beyond the initial announcement of the 
    achievement (due to official suppression of news about it - 
    author). And, strangest of all, we find the world's millions 
    absorbing the announcements and registering a complete blank in 
    so far as curiosity is concerned.

    "Here, then, are the facts. At both poles exist unknown and vast 
    land areas, not in the least uninhabitable, extending distances 
    which can only be called tremendous because they encompass an 
    area bigger than any known continental area! The North Pole 
    Mystery Land seen Byrd and his crew is at least l,700 miles 
    across its traversed direction, and cannot be conceived to be 
    merely a narrow strip. It is an area perhaps as large as the 
    entire United States!

    "In the case of the South Pole, the land traversed beyond the Pole 
    included an area as big as North America plus the south polar 
    continent.

    "The flying saucers could come from these two unknown lands 
    `beyond the Poles'.  It is the opinion of the editors of "Flying 
    Saucers" magazine that the existence of these lands cannot be 
    disproved by anyone, considering the facts of the two expeditions 
    which we have outlined."


   If Rear Admiral Byrd claimed that his south polar expedition was 
"the most important  expedition in the history of the world," and if, 
after he returned from the expedition, he remarked, "The present 
expedition has opened up a new vast land," it would be strange and 
inexplicable how such a great discovery of a new land area as large 
as North America, comparable to Columbus's discovery of America, 
should have received no attention and have been almost totally 
forgotten, so that nobody knew about it, from the most ignorant to 
the most learned.

   The only rational explanation of this mystery is after the brief 
announcement in the American press based on Admiral Byrd's radio 
report, further publicity was suppressed by the Government, in whose 
employ Byrd was working, and which had important political reasons 
why Admiral Byrd's historic discovery should not be made known to the 
world. For he had discovered two unknown land areas measuring a total 
of 4,000 miles across and probably as large as both the North and South
American continents, since Byrd's planes turned back without reaching 
the end of this territory not recorded on any map.  Evidently, the 
United States Government feared that some other government may learn 
about Byrd's discovery and conduct similar flights, going much further 
into it than Byrd did, and perhaps claiming this land area as its own.

   Commenting on Byrd's statement, made in 1957 shortly before his 
death, in which he called the new territory he discovered beyond the 
Poles "that enchanted continent in the sky" and "land of everlasting 
mystery," Palmer says:

    "Considering all this, is there any wonder that all the nations 
    of the world suddenly found the south polar region (particularly) 
    and the north polar region so intensely interesting and important,  
    and have launched explorations on a scale actually tremendous 
    in scope?"

   Palmer concludes that this new land area that Byrd discovered and 
which is not on any map, exists inside and not outside the earth, since 
the geography of the outside is quite well known, whereas that of the 
inside (within the polar depression) is "unknown." For that reason 
Byrd called it the "Great Unknown."

   After discussing the significance of the use of the term "beyond" 
the Pole by Byrd instead of "across" the Pole to the other side of 
Arctic or Antarctic regions, Palmer concludes that what Byrd referred to 
was an unknown land area inside the polar concavity and connecting 
with the warmer interior of the Earth, which accounts for its green 
vegetation and animal life. It is "unknown" because it is not on the 
Earth's outer surface and hence is not recorded on any map. Palmer writes:
    
    "In February of 1947, Admiral Richard E. Byrd, the one man who has 
    done the most to make the North Pole a known area, made the 
    following statement: `I'd like to see the land beyond the Pole. That 
    area beyond the Pole is the center of the Great Unknown'.

    "Millions of people read this statement in their daily newspapers. 
    And millions thrilled at the Admiral's subsequent flight to the Pole 
    and to a point 1,700 miles beyond it. Millions heard the radio 
    broadcast description of the flight, which was also published in 
    newspapers.

    "What land was it? Look at your map. Calculate the distance from 
    all the known lands we have previously mentioned (Siberia, 
    Spitzbergen, Alaska, Canada, Finland, Norway, Greenland and Iceland).  
    A good portion of them are well within the 1,700 mile range. But 
    none of them are within 200 miles of the Pole. Byrd flew over no 
    known land. He himself called it `the great unknown.' And great it 
    is indeed. For after l,700 miles over land, he was forced by gasoline 
    supply shortage to return, and he had not yet reached the end of it; 
    He should have been back to `civilization.' But he was not.  He 
    should have seen nothing but ice-covered ocean, or at the very
    most, partially open ocean. Instead he was over mountains covered 
    with forest. 
    
    "Forests!
    
    "Incredible!  The northernmost limit of the timber-line is located 
    well down into Alaska, Canada and Siberia. North of that line, no 
    tree grows! All around the North Pole, the tree does not grow 
    within 1,700 miles of the Pole.

    "What have we here? We have the well-authenticated flight of 
    Admiral Richard E. Byrd to a land beyond the Pole that he so much 
    wanted to see, because it was the center of the great unknown, the 
    center of mystery. Apparently, he had his wish gratified to the 
    fullest, yet today, nowhere is this mysterious land mentioned. Why?
    Was that 1947 flight fiction? Did all the newspapers lie? Did the 
    radio from Byrd's plane lie ?

    "No, Admiral Byrd did fly beyond the Pole.

    "Beyond?
    
    "What did the Admiral mean when he used that word? How is it 
    possible to go `beyond' the Pole? Let us consider for a moment. 
    Let us imagine that we are transported by some miraculous means 
    to the exact point of the North Magnetic Pole. We arrive there 
    instantaneously, not knowing from which direction we came. And 
    all we know is that we are to proceed from the Pole to 
    Spitzbergen. But where is Spitzbergen? Which way do we go? South 
    of course: But which South? All directions from the North Pole 
    are south!

    "This is actually a simple navigational problem. All expeditions 
    to the Pole, whether flown, or by submarine, or on foot, have 
    been faced with this problem. Either they must retrace their 
    steps, or discover which southerly direction is the correct one 
    to their destination, wherever it has been determined to be. The 
    problem is solved by making a turn in any direction, and 
    proceeding approximately 20 miles.  Then we stop, measure the 
    stars, correlate with our compass reading (which no longer points 
    straight down, but toward the North Magnetic Pole), and plot our 
    course on the map.  Then it is a simple matter to proceed to 
    Spitzbergen by going south.

    "Admiral Byrd did not follow this traditional navigational 
    procedure. When he reached the Pole, he continued for 1, 700 
    miles. To all intents and purposes, he continued on a 
    northerly course, after crossing the Pole. And weirdly, it stands
    on record that he succeeded, or he would not see that `land 
    beyond the Pole,' which to this day, if we are to scan the 
    records of newspapers, books. radio, television and word of 
    mouth, has never been revisited.

    "That land, on today's maps, cannot exist. But since it does, 
    we can only conclude that today's maps are incorrect, incomplete  
    and do not represent a true picture of the Northern Hemisphere.

    "Having thus located a great land mass in the North, not on any 
    map today, a land which is the center of the great unknown, which 
    can only be construed to imply that the 1,709 mile extent 
    traversed by Byrd is only a portion of it."

                        
                        [End of Part 2 of 15]

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