Have any of the ten planks of THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO been adopted in 
America in some way?  You might be surprized.  Read this file, which 
contains the ten planks, and a discussion of each one.  This piece, dated 
10/10/1994, is an updated and expanded version of the one originally 
presented in March, 1994.


THE AMERIKAN MANIFESTO?

By Darren D. Gaines


In the United States, Norman Thomas was the Socialist Party candidate
for 20 years in the early part of the 20th century.  Before he died, he
said that Americans will not knowingly choose socialism, but through
liberalism, every plank of the socialist agenda will be adopted until
the U.S. becomes a socialist nation, without realizing how it
occurred.
 
Is Mr. Thomas correct?  Have we Americans, without realizing it,
adopted the socialist/communist platform?  More on that later.

Communism and socialism, for all practical purposes, mean the same:
Capital goods are owned by and controlled by the State.  Recently, I 
once heard that a communist is "a socialist in a hurry."  Fascism is
only slightly different.  Capital goods are owned by the private
sector, but control still rests with government.  Ownership of
property means nothing if government can tell you how to use your
property, or change prices, whether you feel it's required or not, or
tell you what to do with the profits.

In 1848, THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO was written by Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels.  In this short booklet (available in bookstores or
libraries), the ten planks of the manifesto are given.  Have any of
these planks been adopted in the United States in some way?  Let's go
through each plank, one through ten.

1.  "Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of  
    land to public purposes."

They mean it.  Elsewhere in the manifesto it reads, "In one word, you
reproach us with intending to do away with your property.  Precisely
so; that is just what we intend."

Currently, the United States government owns over 30 percent of the
land in the country.  "So what?" you say.  Article 1, Section 8 of the
Constitution has been violated.

Article 1 powers concerns government powers given to the legislature
(Congress).  Federal governmental ownership of land is limited
according to the following constitutional clause:

"To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such
district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of
particular states, and the acceptance of congress, become the seat of
the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority
over all places purchased by consent of the legislature of the state
in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines,
arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings."

In other words, any federal government ownership of any land outside
of Washington D.C. or any needed military bases is in direct
violation of the Constitution.  

Some land that is not owned by the federal government is controlled
by it by imposing land use regulations, zoning laws, etc.  Many local
governments impose rent controls--controlling the prices the owners
may charge to tennants, which results in the same fascist control as if it
were imposed by a higher governmental authority. 

2.  "A heavy progressive or graduated income tax."

The 16th Amendment to the Constitution added the income tax, after
several attempts to impose it as law failed (The Supreme Court ruled such
laws unconstitutional).  Some have argued that the 16th Amendment was not
properly ratified by the required 3/4's of the States.  But until the
courts rule on this once and for all, the Internal Revenue Service will
stay in business.  If we had an honest monetary system (no central bank
like the Federal Reserve), income taxes would not be needed, just as they
weren't needed for the over 140 years prior to the adoption of the 16th
Amendment.

3.  "Abolition of all right of inheritance."

The U.S. government passed the inheritance tax law in 1916.  Part of
the wealth you took a lifetime to build is confiscated by the state
and is given to whomever the government deems needs it.  As Marx once
wrote, "From each according to his ability, to each according to his
needs."

At about the time THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO was published, a French
economist, Frederic Bastiat, (1801-1850) wrote a small booklet called
THE LAW.  Bastiat opposed socialism and its variants.  Here is a part
of what he wrote:

"But how is this legal plunder to be identified?  Quite simply.  See
if the law takes from some persons what belongs to them, and gives it
to other persons to whom it does not belong.  See if the law benefits
one citizen at the expense of another by doing what the citizen
himself cannot do without committing a crime.  Then abolish this law
without delay, for it is not only an evil itself, but also it is a
fertile source for further evils because it invites reprisals.  If
such a law--which may be an isolated case--is not abolished
immediately, it will spread, multiply, and develop into a system."

How prophetic.

4.  "Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels."

One step in this direction was made when Congress passed HR 5691 in
1980.  This law makes it unlawful to attempt to transport or to succeed
in transporting monetary instruments exceeding $5,000 out of the
country without filing the mandatory papers with the government.

5.  "Centralization of credit in the hands of the State, by means of
    a national bank. with State capital and an exclusive monopoly."

In 1913, the Federal Reserve Act was passed.  This act did more to
damage the future of the American monetary system than most people
realize.  The Federal Reserve's money creation method, in conjunction with
fractional reserve banking, is mathematically flawed because debt is the
basis of the creation of money.  Because virtually all money is created
via debt (Currency and coin comprise only about one-fourth to one-third of
the total M1 money supply) it is impossible to repay all debts because only
the principal is created, not the interest.  The money that banks create
for loans is called checkbook money, and this so-called money represents 
the bulk of the M1 money supply.

To illustrate, let us say I borrow $10,000 from a bank at 10 percent
interest, to be repaid in one year.  It is important to note that the
money banks lend is CREATED by them--the money I borrow is NOT directly
coming from someone else's deposit.  Bank deposits are used on a
mathematical BASIS to determine how much money they can create.  If bank
lending came directly as a result of someone else's deposit, the money
supply would not grow by the amount of the loan.  But the money supply
does grow--the bank is creating the money it lends at NO COST TO ITSELF. 
In one year, I owe the bank $11,000, and I repay in full.

Money supply before the loan:           $100,000
I borrow:                               $ 10,000
Money supply is now:                    $110,000

One year later, loan is repaid:         $ 11,000
Money supply is now:                    $ 99,000

There was $100,000 in the money supply before the loan, but after the loan
was repaid, only $99,000 is in the money supply.  Because the required
interest on the loan is not created with the principal when the loan is
made, the money supply is biased downward.  However, the money supply
constantly rises over time. Is this a contradiction?  No.  The money
supply rises because in the real world there are many borrowers--and
remember, bank lending increases the money supply.  But the hidden
downward bias in the money supply insures that not all borrowers can repay
their debts.  What happens in the real world?  Not all persons who borrow
can repay their debts in full--it is like musical chairs of debt--not
everyone can find a seat when the music stops.  But in this case, when the
music stops (banks refuse to lend, or lend at too high a rate) recessions
and its resulting effects (unemployment and bankruptcies) occur.  It is
during recessions and depressions that significant decreases in the money
supply occur.

Want further proof that all debts are mathematically unpayable?  According
to the Federal Reserve's Z-7 Report, debt from all sectors (All
government, business and individuals) exceeds $15 TRILLION!  How much
money is in the money supply?  As of the 3rd quarter of 1994, $1.1
Trillion, as defined by M1.  The non-currency/coin/check components  of
M2, M3, etc. (broader measures of money) are not valid monetary
instruments as far as debt is concerned.  In other words, only
non-borrowed currency, coin, or checks and their equivalents backed by
same can RETIRE debts, legally speaking.  Bankruptcy is the only other
legal alternative.  But even if broader measures of money are included,
this amount nowhere equals the total debt outstanding.  The undeniable 
fact is, if only a fraction of all debts were repaid in full, no money 
would be left in the economy.  Robert H. Hemphill, Credit Manager
of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta for eight years, stated:

"This is a staggering thought.  We are completely dependent on the
commercial banks.  Someone has to borrow every dollar we have in
circulation, cash or credit.  If the banks create ample synthetic money
[checkbook money], we are prosperous; if not, we starve.  We are
absolutely without a permanent monetary system.  When one gets a complete
grasp upon the picture, the tragic absurdity of our hopeless position is
almost incredible--but there it is.  It [the checkbook money system] is
the most important subject intelligent persons can investigate and reflect
upon.  It is so important that our present civilization may collapse unless
it is widely understood and the defects remedied very soon."

Mr. Hemphill is correct.  Author Jacques S. Jaikaran believes that the
U.S. economy will collapse in the year 2012, give or take a few years.
Based on current trends, Jaikaran notes that just the INTEREST on the 
national debt will equal the M1 money supply in less than 20 years from 
now, if no action to correct the mathematical flaw in our monetary system 
is made.  Since interest payments to the money creators (banks and the Fed)
reduce the money supply, no money will be left in the economy.

In the history of the U.S., there were two previous attempts to create
a central bank (The First Bank of the United States, Second Bank of the
United States, both private banks, despite the names given).  But in both
cases, the charters for the banks were set for a limited time. The First
Bank (created by the Continental Congress in 1781) did not operate like
central banks of today (it did not issue the nation's money). The Second
Bank's charter was not renewed, although there was a bitter fight between
the bankers (with their political allies) and President Andrew Jackson,
who hated central banking.

Technically, the U.S. government does not own or control the
so-called Federal Reserve, even though it is a creation of Congress.
Congress unconstitutionally gave its money making authority to a
private banking oligarchy.  Article 1, Section 8, Clause 5 of the
Constitution reads, "The Congress shall have power...To coin money,
regulate the value thereof..."  This clause was never amended;
therefore, giving its authority to another body is unconstitutional.

The Fed is privately held--it receives no money from Congress to fund
its operations, it pays real estate taxes (no federal agency pays
real estate taxes), and it can create money out of thin air by
ordering Federal Reserve Notes to be printed by the Treasury or by
writing an unbacked check that all banks honor.

The danger in the creation of money in the U.S. is NOT that the
government is in control of its creation.  But it is that its
creation lies in the hands of so few people--centralized monetary
decisions which lie with Federal Reserve officials (some of whom are
not even appointed by the President, nor confirmed by Congress,
violating Article 2, Section 2, paragraph 2 of the Constitution).
This small group of people dictates the monetary decisions on behalf
of over 250 million Americans.  Congress should make those decisions
on behalf of the population.  We, the people ARE the government, not
the politicians, and certainly not the Federal Reserve officials.

Every Federal Reserve Chairman, (like the current Alan Greenspan)
since 1930 EXCEPT ONE (Marriner Eccles was the exception) was a
member of a group called The Council on Foreign Relations, created in
1919-1921.  Some see the CFR as a foreign policy group to the
politicians in Washington.  Others see the CFR as a conspiratorial
group determined to destroy the sovereignty of the United States and
submerge it into a one-world socialist government, probably run under
the United Nations (a CFR creation).  Many of the CFR founders were
responsible for getting the Federal Reserve Act passed thru Congress. 

Today, CFR members (Total: over 3,000) occupy key areas of business,
education, media, and all three branches of the federal government.  CFR 
expenses are paid by an interlocking group of Tax-exempt foundations (Some
of them started by and/or headed by CFR members) and the various
corporations with CFR membership in its ranks.  

President Clinton is a member of the Council, along with about 300 members 
in his cabinet, (like Secretary of State Warren Christopher and Interior 
Secretary Bruce Babbit), the congressional leadership (Tom Foley, Speaker 
of the House, Richard Gephardt, House Majority leader, George Mitchell, 
Senate Majority leader, and House minority whip Newt Gingrich) and three 
members of the U.S. Supreme Court (Sandra Day O'Connor, Ruth Bader 
Ginsburg, and Stephen G. Bryer).

I will not go into detail about the CFR in this document.  Suffice it to
say, I cannot believe that any one group that holds such a high
concentration of government positions for several decades can represent
the true interests of this country, considering the diverse nature of its
citizens.  So much for Clinton's pledge of a "cabinet that looks like
America."  I will list a number of books for reference (at the end of this
document) if you want to study the matter yourself.

Although there are 12 different Federal Reserve Banks (in name only--
to confuse the public, who did not want a central bank at the time),
the one bank with the principal powers lies in the Federal Reserve
Bank of New York.  The Fed's Open Market Operations take place at the
NY Fed on behalf of the entire system.  And those Open Market
Operations alone create or destroy money as they see fit.

Congress should rightfully retain control of the creation of
money--the Constitution must be obeyed.  The people can't complain
when the Federal Reserve damages the economy.  Hardly no one points a
finger towards the Fed when the economy is bad--we blame the
politicians--and they may not even be responsible even though they
look responsible.  Under the current arrangement, we cannot vote
for--or against a banker.  But if monetary decisions are placed back
to Congress where it belongs, we as Americans, can vote for--or
against THEM. 

I feel that there are two solutions to this flawed monetary system.  Both
solutions include abolishing the Federal Reserve and the Federal Reserve
notes.

The first:  create a balanced debt/debt-free monetary system which
requires the creating of debt-free money by the federal government in
mathematically controlled amounts.  The amounts are determined by the
amount borrowed from banks and the interest owed on that borrowing.  This
removes the downward bias in the money supply and keeps it constant. 
Article 1, Section 8, Clause 5 of the Constitution must be amended to
allow for the creation of fiat currency (this clause only allows Congress
to COIN money, not fiat currency).  Ban fractional banking (banks must
keep a 100% reserve).  To insure this, the Treasury must clear ALL checks,
to prevent cheating.  The 16th Amendment (income taxes) must be repealed
and replaced with a national sales tax.  But this tax would only be used
to remove any excess money from the money supply that might accumulate
that would lead to inflation. The details of this solution are in the
books, DEBT VIRUS, by Jacques S. Jaikaran and THE TRUTH IN MONEY BOOK, by
Theodore Thoren and Richard Warner.

The second:  Return the U.S. to the gold/silver standard.  Money retains
its value by being scarce.  Gold and Silver meet this requirement.  Define
the value of a dollar as 371.25 grains of silver, as it was in the past.
All currency must be 100% backed by gold or silver.  Allow free
banking--deregulate the banking system (stop the taxpayer financed
bailouts, FDIC and other government insurance agencies).  Repeal all legal
tender laws.  Federal Reserve Notes will be phased out.  The federal
government will continue to accept them until they are totally retired,
but the public can choose not to.  Without manipulation of the money supply
by central banks and/or governments, the country can enjoy a high standard
of living.  Ban fractional banking, repeal the 16th Amendment, and return
to the revenue collection system of tariffs and duties.  The details of 
this solution are found in the books, THE CREATURE FROM JEKYLL ISLAND by 
G. Edward Griffin and FINANCIAL TERRORISM by John F. McManus.

I am personally more partial to the first solution than the second because
I have always thought that a static money supply under gold and silver
would not be viable in the long run, but Griffin's book makes the best
case for a gold/silver standard that I have read, and my doubts about
returning to a gold/silver-based monetary system been diminished to a
great degree.  I hope both ideas get a fair hearing.
 
6.  "Centralization of the means of communication and transport in  
     the hands of the State."

The State owns all communications and transportation.

The U.S. created the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in 1916 and the
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1934.  In 1949, the FCC created
the so-called "Fairness Doctrine," which required that broadcasters
operate "in the public interest" concerning current events and to provide
coverage that offers opposing views.  During the history of the FCC, no
broadcaster has been disciplined for not providing coverage of an issue.
But the FCC has scared broadcasters into providing "opposing views," with
threat of losing the FCC license when it is determined that only one side
of an issue is being covered.

In the 1960's, a Red Lion, Pennsylvania radio station had its FCC license
taken away because it refused "equal time" in response to a taped
religious program that criticized a political reporter, Fred Cook.  Cook,
citing FCC rules, wanted "equal time," at the expense to the broadcaster,
to respond to the taped program.  The radio station's owner refused.  In
reaction to the taking the broadcast license, the owner took the FCC to
court.  It finally took a Supreme Court ruling to state that because of
"spectrum scarcity," the FCC had the right to regulate program content. 
This ruling flies in the face of the growth of radio stations, especially
talk radio stations, since the 1960's.  So much for free speech.

In fact, Assistant Secretary of Commerce Bill Ruder admitted that the
"massive strategy was to use the Fairness Doctrine to challenge and harass
right-wing broadcasters and hope that the challenges would be so costly to
them that they would be inhibited and decide it was too expensive to
continue."  One could expect retaliation by a conservative government to
attack left-wing broadcasters if the they had the preponderance of power. 
But fortunately, the Reagan Administration saw the abusive, unconstitutional
power of the FCC in this regard.  The Reagan appointees in the FCC saw the
light, criticized the Fairness Doctrine, and then abolished it in 1987, 
because it infringed on broadcaster's free speech rights.

Unfortunately, Congress is working to make the Fairness Doctrine law (Rush
Limbaugh fans call it the "Flush Rush Bill"), and President Clinton
will sign it if it reaches his desk.

7.  "Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by  
     the State; the bringing into cultivation of wastelands, and the
     improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common  
     plan."
 
This means that government owns all of the capital goods.  And
government would determine how the land may be used.

Amtrak is the federal government-owned rail system.  There is no
constitutional basis for this ownership.  When the federal government
issues edicts that in some way makes it the controller of the factors
of production (fascism) it is also operating outside of the
Constitution.  For example, just look at the federal government bailout
of the Chrysler Corporation in 1980.

Through the Agriculture Department, the government determines to some
degree what is, or is not grown, on the land, through crop subsidies
and other regulations.


8.  "Equal liability of all labor.  Establishment of industrial      
     armies, especially for agriculture."

This means that the entire labor force is controlled by the
government.  People could be moved from place to place by government,
to go where work was required for whatever task.

President Clinton's unconstitutional "National Service" act may be a
step in that direction, especially if "serving one's country" becomes
mandatory in the future.  Clinton stated in a September, 1994 interview in
USA WEEKEND that "I would like to see every state adopt as part of its
minimum school standards a community service requirement."  This means
that in order to graduate high school, a student MUST participate in
community service programs.  What does forced volunteerism have to do with
getting an education?  Already, 8.0 percent of public high schools and
50.8 percent of private high schools who responded to a survey conducted
by the Educational Research Service stated they have mandatory community
service programs.

What is the danger in requiring students to volunteer in these programs? 
the "volunteers" could be used to advance political agendas.  Maryland
passed a statewide community service requirement for all schools.  Here is
one recommendation from the Maryland's community service handbook:  "Be
watchdogs for the Americans with Disabilities Act, and take action to
remedy noncompliance with employment, transportation and accessibility
provisions."  Maryland's program now has a flexible structure, due to the
outrage of those who criticized the original program.

But along with the political danger of these compulsory compassion
programs, you have the real danger of personal injury while students
perform these "volunteer" services.  As reported in the March 21, 1994
issue of THE NEW AMERICAN, 15 year-old Kirk Porter suffered an
electrical shock while attaching light fixtures to the ceiling of a 
warehouse, which was being converted into a homeless shelter.  
Kirk fell and hit the floor, suffering a concussion in the process.
There was no adult supervision of the work the students were performing.
And to top it off, the school district refused to pay Kirk Porter's
medical expenses.

The reaction to this incident by District Superintendent, Thomas J.
Doluiso, was very uncaring by stating "any time you do this, you run some
risk of an accident."  Kirk's mother, Karen Porter said in response:  "If
the school district hadn't made this mandatory in the first place, this
wouldn't have happened."  Kirk's school district in the state of
Pennsylvania, the Bethlehem Area School District (BASD), adopted a
mandatory community service requirement for its students in order to
graduate high school.

Parents, on behalf of their children, are challenging these "volunteer"
programs in court, citing the Ninth Amendment of the Constitution
(parental authority being an enumerated right), the 13th Amendment
(involuntary servitude), and the 14th Amendment (due process of law). 

Will Clinton's program turn into the Young Communist League that Lenin 
created for the Soviet youth?  Or the Hitler Youth Movement of the 1930's?  
Six years after the Nazis came to power, Hitler made membership in the 
Youth Movement mandatory.  Parents were blackmailed into sending their 
youths to Hitler--since refusal would have resulted in the children 
being taken from them and then place the children in orphanages, according
to liberal historian, William Schirer.  Farfetched?  It couldn't happen
HERE, you say.  Time will tell.

9.  "Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries;      
     gradual abolition of the distinction between town and country,  
     by a more equable distribution of the population over the      
     country." 

No person could live where he or she chooses; no freedom of travel.

I know of no government program that would suggest that this plank is
being instituted in some way.  Let us wait and see.

10.  "Free education for all children in public schools.  Abolition  
      of children's factory labor in its present form.  Combination  
      of education with industrial production, etc, etc."

With this plank, the government assumes all responsibility for
educating children.  Government would set the values of the child,
not the parent.  The State would be parent and teacher.  No private
schools would be allowed.

With no constitutional authority whatsoever, the federal government
began funding colleges and universities after 1957 (The Soviets
launched Sputnik that year).  And the Department of Education was
likewise established without constitutional basis in 1980.

Have you heard of a concept of teaching children called, Outcome
Based Education?  OBE is a teaching concept that is sweeping the
nation's public schools.  What is it?  OBE critics believe that it is
a form of teaching to the lowest common denominator, so that all
children succeed, albeit with lower standards of learning.  It is a
form of behavior modification, say some OBE critics.  You don't learn
much, but you have high self-esteem.  The recently enacted "Goals 2000"
bill, first proposed by the Bush Administration, has OBE programs in it.
HR 6, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, also passed this year,
will make further federal encroachments into education that have 
historically been under state and/or local control. 

Some examples of the OBE methods used as reported in the October 5, 1994
editorial of INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY:

The Whole Language Method:  Children learn to "read and write" by context
rather than using the tried-and-true phonetics method of learning. 
Correcting errors in spelling and syntax by teachers is NOT encouraged.

Cooperative Learning:  No individual grades for students.  Instead, a group
grade is given.

No-Retention Programs:  Even when students fail their grade, they are
promoted anyway.  No wonder this country has high school graduates that are
illiterate.

Modification:  In order to help poor students "succeed," oral tests are
given to students who cannot spell or cannot follow multiple-choice
questions.

In the same INVESTOR'S editorial, it was said that a Houston, Texas high
school district did away with the letter grading system of A's and B's and
replaced it with esteem enhancing words such as "connecting" and
"expanding."

A precursor to OBE called Mastery Learning, was tried in the 70's with
abysmal results.  LEARNING MAGAZINE reported that in Chicago school
districts where the ML program was tried, teachers said that the
successful ML students that were entering high school did not know
how to read because THEY NEVER READ A BOOK.

The Senate may soon vote to ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of the
Child Treaty.  This document, like most other UN documents, is written
under the premise that the State grants rights, instead of being God-given
and inalienable, according to the Declaration of Independence and the U.S.
Constitution.  Congressman Thomas J. Biley (R-VA), in an op-ed piece in
the WASHINGTON TIMES on the UN child treaty, wrote:  "As written, it places
government in a superior position to its citizens by granting these rights
to children."

This treaty is full of "rights" that are granted to children, but in
Soviet-style language, those rights are taken away in a future clause. 
For example, in Article 14, Section 1:

"States parties shall respect the right of the child to freedom of thought,
conscience and religion."

But then the above "right" is negated by Article 14, Section 3:

"Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject only to such
limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public
safety, order, health or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of
others."

A future judge or a group of judges (a binding UN World Court, perhaps)
could run a mack truck through that so-called "freedom of religion right,"
among other so-called rights named in the treaty, if it serves the
purposes of the all-powerful State.

This treaty has the potential of making a future world government
responsible for educating the world's children exclusively, without any
"interference" from parents.  In COMMUNIST MANIFESTO fashion, the treaty
makes "primary education compulsory and available to all."  The treaty
requires "the principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations"
be taught and "conform to such minimum standards as may be laid down by
the State."  Private schools are not explicitly done away with under this
treaty, but they still must operate under the "minimum standards" that the
State may require--in effect, giving the State control of private schools.

It seems to me that if the government controls all education in the
future, it will be done in such a way that people will be taught only
what the state wants them to know, but no more.  A very educated
class might out-think the teachers (the State), and therefore
overcome their oppressors (the State).

There you have it--the ten planks of THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO.  It
seems that this country is adopting the manifesto, step by step, which
is the method of socialists--use trickery and deception, little by
little, to attain total socialism.

Congress worships at the altar of big government.  But if we as
Americans, are not careful, and don't demand that the Constitution be
obeyed, we'll find ourselves with TOTAL GOVERNMENT.  Pretty soon,
we'll have to change the name of the country to AMERIKA.

The basis of our federal government is LIMITED federal government. 
James Madison made that perfectly clear in the FEDERALIST PAPERS.  In
Paper number 45, Madison wrote:

"The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the Federal
Government, are few and defined.  Those which are to remain in the
State Governments are numerous and indefinite."

The Constitution's Article I powers define what Congress is authorized
to do.  Their powers are LIMITED.  Furthermore, this limitation of
federal government power is backed by the 10th Amendment to the
Constitution:

"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution,
nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States
respectively, or to the people."

What can be more clear?

How about the recent development that several states (most recently,
California) have adopted 10th Amendment resolutions?  In effect, these 
resolutions are reminding the federal government that the states or the
people have the balance of powers not specifically granted to the federal
government.  I hope other states take notice of this trend and offer 10th 
Amendment resolutions of their own.

Under proper separation of powers, it would be impossible for any branch 
of the federal government from exerting too much control over its citizens. 
Even though most government powers lie with the 50 states, none of
them could impose oppressive, socialistic laws on its residents,
because the residents could either try to vote the state politicians
out, or leave the state to a less oppressive one.  After all, one
could move from California to Montana if one wants to escape
socialistic oppression.  There is always an escape hatch.  However,
when government powers are more FEDERALIZED and CONCENTRATED in a few
hands, there is no escape hatch from the United States; what other
country has a Constitution like ours and the freedom and liberty that
comes with it?

Now that you realize (I hope) that the U.S. is slowly becoming a
socialist nation, can it be stopped?  Yes!  How?  Hold your
congressional representative, and your two Senators accountable for
their votes!  When you see them voting in a socialistic and/or
unconstitutional way, let them know how you feel about the way they
voted.  Call!  Write letters!  Visit their offices!  If they continue
to vote against your wishes, register to vote (if you haven't done
so), and vote for someone else when the time comes.  All 435
congressional House seats are decided every two years; the Senate,
every six years.

You don't know who your Congressional Rep/Senator is?  Look in the
white pages (Federal Government section) of your phone book.  Want to
know their voting record?  That information is in the Congressional
Record.  But if you don't want to look through that, I would suggest
you subscribe to some magazines that publish congressional voting
records on a regular basis.  One magazine I know of that does this is
called THE NEW AMERICAN magazine.  Call or write for a copy of
the latest report on the current Congress.  It's only $2.50 for the copy.

Abe Lincoln once said:

"We the People are the rightful master of both congress and the
courts--not to overthrow the Constitution, but to overthrow the men
who pervert the Constitution."

In a statement from a Supreme Court case:

"It is NOT the function of our Government to keep the citizen from
falling into error; it IS the function of the citizen to keep the
government from falling into error."

It's time to restore limited, federal government.  Don't you agree?

Sources:

THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Penguin Books
USA, 375 Hudson St., New York NY  10014.

THE LAW by Frederic Bastiat, The Foundation for Economic Education, Inc.,
Irvington-on-Hudson, NY  10533.

THE FEDERALIST PAPERS, by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay,
Bantam Classic Books, 666 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY  10103.  The U.S.
Constitution is also in this book.

INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY (newspaper), 12655 Beatrice St., Los Angeles, CA 
90066.
 
Sources on the CFR:

FOUNDATIONS:  THEIR POWER AND INFLUENCE, by Rene A. Wormser, Covenant House
Books (third printing) PO Box 4690, Sevierville, TN 37864.

THE UNSEEN HAND by A. Ralph Epperson, Publius Press, 3100 S. Philamena Pl.,
Tucson AZ  85730, (602) 886-4380.

GLOBAL TYRANNY...STEP BY STEP by William Jasper, Western Islands, PO Box
8040, Appleton, WI 54913 (414) 749-3783.

NONE DARE CALL IT TREASON...25 YEARS LATER by John A. Stormer, Liberty Bell
Press, PO Box 32, Florissant MO  63032.

CALL IT CONSPIRACY, by Larry Abraham, Double A Publications, 18000 Pacific
Highway South, Ste. 1105, Seattle, WA  98188.

THE SHADOWS OF POWER by James Perloff, Western Islands, PO Box 8040,
Appleton, WI  54913 (414) 749-3783.

EN ROUTE TO GLOBAL OCCUPATION by Gary Kah, Huntington House Publishers, PO
Box 53788, Lafayette, LA  70505.

THE NEW AMERICAN MAGAZINE, published by American Opinion Publishing/The
John Birch Society, PO Box 8040, Appleton WI 54913 (414) 749-3784.

Some recommended issues:

Vol. 9, No. 17 (August 23, 1993), Outcome Based Education.
Vol. 9 No. 24 (November 29, 1993), The New World Army.
Vol. 10, No. 7 (April 4, 1994), Toward a Police State.
Vol. 10, No. 13 (June 27, 1994) 3rd report on the 103rd Congress.
Vol. 10, No. 16 (August 8, 1994) What went wrong (Education).

Sources on the Federal Reserve:

DEBT VIRUS by Jacques S. Jaikaran, Glenbridge Publishing Ltd., Macomb, IL 
61455.

THE TRUTH IN MONEY BOOK by Theodore R. Thoren and Richard F. Warner, Truth
in Money, Inc, PO Box 30, Chagrin Falls, OH 44022.

BANKONOMICS IN ONE EASY LESSON by Peter Cook, Monetary Science Publishing,
PO Box 86, Wickliffe, OH  44092-0086.

FINANCIAL TERRORISM by John F. McManus, The John Birch Society, PO Box
8040, Appleton, WI 54913, (414) 749-3780.

THE FEDERAL RESERVE CONSPIRACY, by Eustace Mullins, Omni Publications,
Hawthorne, CA  90250, available thru Monetary Science Publishing, PO Box
86, Wickliffe, OH  44092-0086.

THE CREATURE FROM JEKYLL ISLAND by G. Edward Griffin, American Media, PO
Box 4646, Westlake Village, CA  91359-1646 in association with American
Opinion Publishing, PO Box 8040, Appleton, WI 54913-8040.

	Contact the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for a catalog of the
pamphlets that are available from the various reserve banks.  Many are
free!  Address: 33 Liberty St., New York, NY  10045.  Ask for the Public
Information Materials booklet.

Darren D. Gaines, 76340,762.