From Qmaster@aol.com Thu Jul  7 20:36:32 1994
Date: Thu, 07 Jul 94 14:15:38 EDT
From: Qmaster@aol.com
Reply to: fap@world.std.com
To: FAP@world.std.com
Subject: Publication 7277-Disarmament (1-4)

Posting the above to numerous requests.  Sorry to divide into four (4)
segments.  AOL can only handle 32k blocks.   The fourth document contains a
John Birch Society report on this document and a little history behind it.

I offer no reliability on the origin or validity on this document I simply
retreived from a BBS read and passed the info along for discussion/opinions.


---Begin 1---

 FREEDOM FROM WAR


                       THE UNITED STATES PROGRAM
                       FOR GENERAL AND COMPLETE 
                       DISARMAMENT IN A PEACEFUL
                                 WORLD


                          DEPARTMENT OF STATE


                  DEPARTMENT OF STATE PUBLICATION 7277

                          Disarmament Series 5

                        Released September 1961

                       Office of Public Services

                        BUREAU OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS


INTRODUCTION

The revolutionary development of modern weapons within a world divided 
by serious ideological differences has produced a crisis in human 
history. In order to overcome the danger of nuclear war now confronting 
mankind, the United States has introduced at the Sixteenth General 
Assembly of the United Nations a Program for General and Complete 
Disarmament in a Peaceful World.

This new program provides for the progressive reduction of the 
war-making capabilities of nations and the simultaneous strengthening of 
international institutions to settle disputes and maintain the peace. It 
sets forth a series of comprehensive measures which can and should be 
taken in order to bring about a world in which there will be freedom 
from war and security for all states. It is based on three principles 
deemed essential to the achievement of practical progress in the 
disarmament field:

First, there must be immediate disarmament action:

A strenuous and uninterrupted effort must be made toward the goal of 
general and complete disarmament; at the same time, it is important that 
specific measures be put into effect as soon as possible.

Second, all disarmament obligations must be subject to effective 
international controls:

The control organization must have the manpower, facilities, and 
effectiveness to assure that limitations or reductions take place as 
agreed.  It must also be able to certify to all states that retained 
forces and armaments do not exceed those permitted at any stage of the 
disarmament process.

Third, adequate peace-keeping machinery must be established:

There is an inseparable relationship between the scaling down of 
national armaments on the one hand and the building up of international 
peace-keeping machinery and institutions on the other. Nations are 
unlikely to shed their means of self-protection in the absence of 
alternative ways to safeguard their legitimate interests. This can only 
be achieved through the progressive strengthening of international 
institutions under the United Nations and by creating a United Nations 
Peace Force to enforce the peace as the disarmament process proceeds.

                          ---------

There follows a summary of the principal provisions of the United States 
Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World. The 
full text of the program is contained in an appendix to this pamphlet.

                            FREEDOM FROM WAR
 
                     THE UNITED STATES PROGRAM FOR
                      GENERAL AND COMPLETE DISARM-
                       AMENT IN A PEACEFUL WORLD


SUMMARY

DISARMAMENT GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The over-all goal of the United States is a free, secure, and peaceful 
world of independent states adhering to common standards of justice and 
international conduct and subjecting the use of force to the rule of 
law; a world which has achieved general and complete disarmament under 
effective international control; and a world in which adjustment to 
change takes place in accordance with the principles of the United 
Nations.

In order to make possible the achievement of that goal, the program sets 
forth the following specific objectives toward which nations should 
direct their efforts:

The disbanding of all national armed forces and the prohibition of their 
reestablishment in any form whatsoever other than those required to 
preserve internal order and for contributions to a United Nations Peace 
Force;

The elimination from national arsenals of all armaments, including all 
weapons of mass destruction and the means for their delivery, other than 
those required for a United Nations Peace Force and for maintaining 
internal order;
 
The institution of effective means for the enforcement of international 
agreements, and for the maintenance of peace in accordance with the 
principles of the United Nations;

The establishment and effective operation of an International 
Disarmament Organization within the framework of the United Nations to 
insure compliance at all times with all disarmament obligations.

TASK OF NEGOTIATING STATES

The negotiating states are called upon to develop the program into a 
detailed plan for general and complete disarmament and to continue their 
efforts without interruption until the whole program has been achieved. 
To this end, they are to seek the widest possible area of agreement at 
the earliest possible date. At the same time, and without prejudice to 
progress on the disarmament program, they are to seek agreement on those 
immediate measures that would contribute to the common security of 
nations and that could facilitate and form port of the total program.

GOVERNING PRINCIPLES

The program sets forth a series of general principles to guide the 
negotiating states in their work. These make clear that:

As states relinquish their arms, the United Nations must be 
progressively strengthened in order to improve its capacity to assure 
international security and the peaceful settlement of disputes;

Disarmament must proceed as rapidly as possible, until it is completed, 
in stages containing balanced, phased, and safeguarded measures;

Each measure and stage should be carried out in an agreed period of 
time, with transition from one stage to the next to take place as soon 
as all measures in the preceding stage have been carried out and 
verified and as soon as necessary arrangements for verification of the 
next stage have been made;

Inspection and verification must establish both that nations carry out 
scheduled limitations or reductions and that they do not retain armed 
forces and armaments in excess of those permitted at any stage of the 
disarmament process; and

Disarmament must take place in a manner that will not affect adversely 
the security of any state.

DISARMAMENT STAGES

The program provides for progressive disarmament steps to take place in 
three stages and for the simultaneous strengthening of international 
institution.

                              FIRST STAGE

The first stage contains measures which would significantly reduce the 
capabilities of nations to wage aggressive war. Implementation of this 
stage would mean that:

The nuclear threat would be reduced:

All states would have adhered to a treaty effectively prohibiting the 
testing of nuclear weapons.

The production of fissionable materials for use in weapons would be 
stopped and quantities of such materials from past production would be 
converted to non-weapons uses.

States owning nuclear weapons would not relinquish control of such 
weapons to any nation not owning them and would not transmit to any such 
nation information or material necessary for their manufacture.

States not owning nuclear weapons would not manufacture them or attempt 
to obtain control of such weapons belonging to other states.

A Commission of Experts would be established to report on the 
feasibility and means for the verified reduction and eventual 
elimination of nuclear weapons stockpiles.

Strategic delivery vehicles would be reduced:

Strategic nuclear weapons delivery vehicles of specified categories and 
weapons designed to counter such vehicles would be reduced to agreed 
levels by equitable and balanced steps; their production would be 
discontinued or limited; their testing would be limited or halted.

Arms and armed forces would be reduced:

The armed forces of the United States and the Soviet Union would be 
limited to 2.1 million men each (with appropriate levels not exceeding 
that amount for other militarily significant states); levels of 
armaments would be correspondingly reduced and their production would be 
limited.

An Experts Commission would be established to examine and report on the 
feasibility and means of accomplishing verifiable reduction and eventual 
elimination of all chemical, biological and radiological weapons.

Peaceful use of outer space would be promoted:

The placing in orbit or stationing in outer space of weapons of mass 
destruction would be prohibited.

States would give advance notification of space vehicle and military 
launchings.

U.N. peace-keeping powers would be strengthened:

Measures would be taken to develop and strengthen United Nations 
arrangements for arbitration, for the development of international law, 
and for the establishment in Stage II of a permanent U.N. Peace Force.

An International Disarmament Organization would be established for 
effective verification of the disarmament program:

Its functions would be expanded progressively as disarmament proceeds.

It would certify to all states that agreed reductions have taken place 
and that retained forces and armaments do not exceed permitted levels.

It would determine the transition from one stage to the next.

States would be committed to measures to reduce international tension 
and to protect against the chance of war by accident, miscalculation, or 
surprise attack:

States would be committed to refrain from the threat or use of any type 
of armed force contrary to the principles of the U.N. Charter and to 
refrain from indirect aggression and subversion against any country.

A U.N. peace observation group would be available to investigate any 
situation which might constitute a threat to or breach of the peace.

States would be committed to give advance notice of major military 
movements which might cause alarm, observation posts would be 
established to report on concentrations and movements of military forces.


---End 1---

QMaster@aol.com

***Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction?  Shall we acquire
the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging
the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and
foot? 
                                 GOD FORBID!
                                   Patrick Henry, St. Johns Church, Richmond
VA., 3/23/1775***