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+---------------------------------------------------------------+
------------
DIVERTER BOX
------------
Design: Mavicon M.D. and The Ear
----------
Parts List
----------
Everything can be obtained at your local Radio-Shack. As much as
i hate that store, they are convenient...
RLY1 DPDT relay
T1 1:1 audio transformer
D1 1N914 or similar diode
D2 large LED
LMP1 neon lamp
R1 10 k
R2 photocell
R3 22 k
R4 47 k
Q1 2N2222, 2N3904, 2N4401, most any other NPN switching trans.
1 9 volt battery. The negative terminal goes to ground on the
schematic. Positive terminal to +9 volts.
--------
Assembly
--------
The best way to assemble the design is to grab one of those small
copper lined perfboards from Radio-Shack. They are nice to work
on, and can easily be trimmed down to a minimum size once every-
thing is soldered in. The process is the same as any other.
Solder all the parts in per the schematic. The photocell must be
in a position so that the light from the neon lamp(LMP1) and the
LED(D2) both shine on it. All the polarity must be observed.
Whichever direction you put the led in, you must remember (color
code your wires, green is positive, red is negative, yellow is
positive, black is negative) the negative side of the line must
go to its negative side. The same goes for the transformer. the
positive side of each line has to be connected to the correct
pair on the transformer. On the Radio-Shack transformers, put
positive of both lines on the Red and Black pairs, The negative
on Yellow and White. Our prototypes have reached less that 1" x
1" in size.
NOTE: The entire thing MUST be wrapped in black tape. IT must be
light tight or you will have a relay that turns on with the sun-
rise.
-------------------
Theory of Operation
-------------------
The diverter works on some basic electronic principals. Step by
step. The phone rings. The neon lamp is activated by the high
voltage(88 p-p) ac and flashes. This light shines on the photo-
cell, decreasing its resistance. When this happens, the positive
voltage flowing through the photocell and the 10k resistor exceed
the breakdown voltage of the base of the transistor and switches
that transistor on. Once the transistor is on, current flows
freely from emitter to collector, energizing the relay. The
relay's two sets of switches connect both lines to the 1:1 audio
transformer, effectively taking both lines off the hook and cou-
pling any audio signals from either line to the other one. Once
this happens, current is now flowing through the transformer,
relay/led loop. This current lights the led and that light shines
on the photocell. This keeps the device latched. The light from
the led keeps the photocell resistance low enough to keep the
transistor on. Now, you make you call and get on with your
business. You hang up. Now, the local CO keeps current flowing
through the indial line for about 5 seconds, at which point it
drops down for a second or so and then goes back up. This is the
signal the device uses to determine when you've hung up. When the
current drops down, there is no light, & the photocell resistance
raises enough to turn the transistor off and delatch the entire
system.
------------
Applications
------------
The applications are relatively obvious. Hook it up to two
unused lines and make free calls. Hook it up to two payphones,
and red box calls. The only thing to watch out for is ringing.
If you hook it up to a residential line for the indial a small
(maybe 1/8) of a ring occurs when you call, tipping off people
inside the house.
+------------------------------------+
| | o +9V
| L1+ T1 | |
| o-------wwwww----------+ | |
| | | |
| L1- | | |
| o-------------+ | | o--------+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| L2- | +---l----------l---------l--+ _____
o-------\ LMP1 | | | \| | | w | /^\ D1
R4 47k * | | | | |\ | w | /---\
--\/\/--/ | | | | | | | w | |
| | +-l----------l-----------l--+ |
| | | RY1 | | |
o L2+ +------+ | | |
| | o--------+
| | |
| | +------+
| D2 | /
| |\ | T1 | /
+----------| >|-----wwwwww---------+ /
|/ | 000
+--------- 000 Q1
| 000
oooo | \
o o 10k | \
o-------o-/\/\/o------------/\/\/---+ \
+9V o o R2 \ R1 |
oooo / 22k -----
\ R3 ---
| -
|
-----
---
-
+++EOF
|
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